Innate Immune Responses in the CNS: Role of Toll-Like Receptors, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Opportunities in Multiple Sclerosis

TLR-Activated B Cells Suppress T Cell-Mediated Autoimmunity

(2014) V. Lampropoulou et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

The EBV-Encoded dUTPase Activates NF- B through the TLR2 and MyD88-Dependent Signaling Pathway

(2014) M.-E. Ariza et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

TLRs as miRNA Receptors

(2012) M. Fabbri   CANCER RESEARCH

Treatment With OPN-305, a Humanized Anti–Toll-Like Receptor-2 Antibody, Reduces Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Pigs

(2012) Fatih Arslan et al.   Circulation-Cardiovascular Interventions

EBV stimulates TLR- and autophagy-dependent pathways and impairs maturation in plasmacytoid dendritic cells: Implications for viral immune escape

(2012) Martina Severa et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

The innate immune system in demyelinating disease

(2012) Lior Mayo et al.   IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS

PAMPs and DAMPs: signal 0s that spur autophagy and immunity

(2012) Daolin Tang et al.   IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS

A GpC-Rich Oligonucleotide Acts on Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells To Promote Immune Suppression

(2012) C. Volpi et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Clinical Trial of the TLR-3 Agonist Rintatolimod in Severe Cases of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

(2012) David R. Strayer et al.   PLoS One

Treatment of Autoimmune Inflammation by a TLR7 Ligand Regulating the Innate Immune System

(2012) Tomoko Hayashi et al.   PLoS One

Dissecting negative regulation of Toll-like receptor signaling

(2012) Takeshi Kondo et al.   TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY

Regulation of TLR7/9 signaling in plasmacytoid dendritic cells

(2012) Musheng Bao et al.   Protein & Cell

TLR2 polymorphisms influence neonatal regulatory T cells depending on maternal atopy

(2011) J. Liu et al.   ALLERGY

Implication of the toll-like receptor 4 pathway in the response to interferon-β in multiple sclerosis

(2011) Marta F. Bustamante et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

IL-27 mediates the response to IFN-β therapy in multiple sclerosis patients by inhibiting Th17 cells

(2011) Cheryl M. Sweeney et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a model for multiple sclerosis (MS)

(2011) Cris S Constantinescu et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

TLR based therapeutics

(2011) Aisling Dunne et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN PHARMACOLOGY

Regulation of remyelination in multiple sclerosis

(2011) Khalid A. Hanafy et al.   FEBS LETTERS

Letter to the Glyco-Forum: Since there are PAMPs and DAMPs, there must be SAMPs? Glycan "self-associated molecular patterns" dampen innate immunity, but pathogens can mimic them

(2011) A. Varki   GLYCOBIOLOGY

Toll-like Receptors and Their Crosstalk with Other Innate Receptors in Infection and Immunity

(2011) Taro Kawai et al.   IMMUNITY

TLR2 Stimulation Drives Human Naive and Effector Regulatory T Cells into a Th17-Like Phenotype with Reduced Suppressive Function

(2011) M. H. Nyirenda et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Targeting Toll-like receptors: Emerging therapeutics for multiple sclerosis management

(2011) M. Gambuzza et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis

(2011) Stephen Sawcer et al.   NATURE

EAE: imperfect but useful models of multiple sclerosis

(2011) Bert A. ’t Hart et al.   TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE

Interferon-β inhibits toll-like receptor 9 processing in multiple sclerosis

(2010) Konstantin E. Balashov et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Discovery of a novel TLR2 signaling inhibitor with anti-viral activity

(2010) Shenghua Zhou et al.   ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH

Detection of Epstein–Barr virus and B-cell follicles in the multiple sclerosis brain: what you find depends on how and where you look

(2010) Francesca Aloisi et al.   BRAIN

Pattern Recognition Receptors and Inflammation

(2010) Osamu Takeuchi et al.   CELL

Deciphering the complexity of Toll-like receptor signaling

(2010) Renato Ostuni et al.   CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES

Toll-like Receptor 2 Signaling in CD4+ T Lymphocytes Promotes T Helper 17 Responses and Regulates the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Disease

(2010) Joseph M. Reynolds et al.   IMMUNITY

TLR3 agonists as immunotherapeutic agents

(2010) Christopher F Nicodemus et al.   Immunotherapy

Differential but Direct Abolishment of Human Regulatory T Cell Suppressive Capacity by Various TLR2 Ligands

(2010) H. H. Oberg et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Human TLRs 10 and 1 Share Common Mechanisms of Innate Immune Sensing but Not Signaling

(2010) Y. Guan et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

The Microtubule Regulator Stathmin Is an Endogenous Protein Agonist for TLR3

(2010) M. Bsibsi et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

TLR9 Contributes to the Recognition of EBV by Primary Monocytes and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells

(2010) S. Fiola et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

An Imbalance of Two Functionally and Phenotypically Different Subsets of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Characterizes the Dysfunctional Immune Regulation in Multiple Sclerosis

(2010) N. Schwab et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Viral Inhibitory Peptide of TLR4, a Peptide Derived from Vaccinia Protein A46, Specifically Inhibits TLR4 by Directly Targeting MyD88 Adaptor-Like and TRIF-Related Adaptor Molecule

(2010) T. Lysakova-Devine et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Induction of IDO-1 by Immunostimulatory DNA Limits Severity of Experimental Colitis

(2010) M. A. Ciorba et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

IDO Upregulates Regulatory T Cells via Tryptophan Catabolite and Suppresses Encephalitogenic T Cell Responses in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

(2010) Y. Yan et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Endogenous ligands of TLR2 and TLR4: agonists or assistants?

(2010) Clett Erridge   JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY

Epstein–Barr Virus Infection and Multiple Sclerosis: A Review

(2010) Alberto Ascherio et al.   Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology

Decreased IL-10 production mediated by Toll-like receptor 9 in B cells in multiple sclerosis

(2010) Makoto Hirotani et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

The TLR7 agonist, imiquimod, increases IFN-β production and reduces the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

(2010) Kate O'Brien et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

Herpes simplex virus induces neural oxidative damage via microglial cell Toll-like receptor-2

(2010) Scott J Schachtele et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Polymorphisms of innate pattern recognition receptors, response to interferon-beta and development of neutralizing antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients

(2010) Christian Enevold et al.   Multiple Sclerosis Journal

The role of pattern-recognition receptors in innate immunity: update on Toll-like receptors

(2010) Taro Kawai et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Molecular Modeling-Based Evaluation of hTLR10 and Identification of Potential Ligands in Toll-Like Receptor Signaling

(2010) Rajiv Gandhi Govindaraj et al.   PLoS One

Hyaluronan blocks oligodendrocyte progenitor maturation and remyelination through TLR2

(2010) J. A. Sloane et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

A novel Toll-like receptor 4 antagonist antibody ameliorates inflammation but impairs mucosal healing in murine colitis

(2009) Ryan Ungaro et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY

Toll-like receptors and innate immunity

(2009) Himanshu Kumar et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

IL-17-producing human peripheral regulatory T cells retain suppressive function

(2009) G. Beriou et al.   BLOOD

Functional Delineation and Differentiation Dynamics of Human CD4+ T Cells Expressing the FoxP3 Transcription Factor

(2009) Makoto Miyara et al.   IMMUNITY

Myeloid heme oxygenase–1 regulates innate immunity and autoimmunity by modulating IFN-β production

(2009) Sotiria Tzima et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Therapy of experimental type 1 diabetes by isolated Sertoli cell xenografts alone

(2009) Francesca Fallarino et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

IFN- 1a Inhibits the Secretion of Th17-Polarizing Cytokines in Human Dendritic Cells via TLR7 Up-Regulation

(2009) X. Zhang et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Helminth Antigens Modulate Immune Responses in Cells from Multiple Sclerosis Patients through TLR2-Dependent Mechanisms

(2009) J. Correale et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Multiple Sclerosis

(2009) Roberto Lande et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY

Initiation and Progression of Axonopathy in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

(2009) A. M. Soulika et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Carcinoma-produced factors activate myeloid cells through TLR2 to stimulate metastasis

(2009) Sunhwa Kim et al.   NATURE

The structural basis of lipopolysaccharide recognition by the TLR4–MD-2 complex

(2009) Beom Seok Park et al.   NATURE

Toll-like receptor 2 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 promote central nervous system neuroinflammation in progressive EAE

(2009) Mauricio F Farez et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Therapeutic Targeting of Toll-Like Receptors for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases and Cancer

(2009) L. A. J. O'Neill et al.   PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEWS

Genetic Variation of the Human Urinary Tract Innate Immune Response and Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Women

(2009) Thomas R. Hawn et al.   PLoS One

Prevention of autoimmune disease by induction of tolerance to Toll-like receptor 7

(2009) Tomoko Hayashi et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Human memory FOXP3+ Tregs secrete IL-17 ex vivo and constitutively express the TH17 lineage-specific transcription factor ROR t

(2009) M. Ayyoub et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Role of the Innate Immune System in Autoimmune Inflammatory Demyelination

(2008) Kate O'Brien et al.   CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Unexpected regulatory roles of TLR4 and TLR9 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

(2008) Monica Marta et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

TLR2 – promiscuous or specific? A critical re-evaluation of a receptor expressing apparent broad specificity

(2008) Ulrich Zähringer et al.   IMMUNOBIOLOGY

The type I IFN induction pathway constrains Th17-mediated autoimmune inflammation in mice

(2008) Beichu Guo et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Pivotal Advance: HMGB1 expression in active lesions of human and experimental multiple sclerosis

(2008) Åsa Andersson et al.   JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Activates Innate Immunity through Toll-Like Receptor 2

(2008) M. R. Murawski et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Multiple sclerosis: reduced proportion of circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells expressing BDCA-2 and BDCA-4 and reduced production of IL-6 and IL-10 in response to herpes simplex virus type 1

(2008) A Sanna et al.   Multiple Sclerosis Journal

Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection in Adults Including Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis

(2007) Lindsay E. Nicolle   UROLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA