Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Raul Ruiz, Gabriel Abadal
Summary: This paper presents the design, modelling, fabrication, and test of a device prototype that utilizes a microcantilever capacitively connected to a folded-end half-wave dipole antenna. The antenna is remotely actuated by a wireless power transfer system. The device acts as a new mechanism to harness the radiated energy wirelessly transferred from an emitter antenna to directly excite the mechanical vibration modes of the microcantilever. The experimental analysis of the response to an amplitude-modulated RF radiated signal is also discussed.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yong Zhu, Jitendra Pal
Summary: This paper presents a novel laterally actuated RF MEMS switch utilizing both electrothermal actuation and electrostatic latching hold mechanisms, achieving superior RF performance and high reliability. The switch features a 7 μm initial switch gap, an electrothermal actuation voltage of 7 V, and an electrostatic holding voltage of 21 V, with measured insertion loss of -0.73 dB and isolation of -46 dB at 6 GHz. Additionally, the switch demonstrates high reliability and power handling capability, capable of operating up to 10 million cycles without failure with 1 W power applied to its signal line.
Article
Engineering, Civil
M. Faraji Oskouie, M. Zargar, R. Ansari
Summary: This paper investigates the dynamic buckling of functionally graded porous shallow arches under hygro-thermal loading. The effects of porosity imperfections, hygroscopic stresses, and temperature dependence of material properties are taken into account. Numerical methods are used to solve the transient heat conduction equation and the set of nonlinear governing differential equations of motion. A parametric study is conducted to analyze the influence of various factors on the dynamic buckling temperature of the arch.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL STABILITY AND DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Krzysztof Kwoka, Tomasz Piasecki, Karolina Orlowska, Paulina Grabarczyk, Andrzej Sierakowski, Teodor Gotszalk, Ewelina Gacka, Adrianna Piejko, Krzysztof Gajewski
Summary: The electrical response of vibrating, electrostatically driven microelectromechanical and nanoelectromechanical system (MEMS and NEMS) devices was measured using impedance spectroscopy. A physical model was developed to predict the electrical response based on the structure's dimensions, mechanical properties, and measurement conditions, and it was validated with the results of an electrical equivalent circuit model. The physical model accurately described the inverse fourth power dependence of the electrical response on the distance between electrodes, which was experimentally confirmed using a vibrating electrostatically driven MEMS in vacuum. This validated physical model is useful for optimizing MEMS structures for electrical vibration detection.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Satish K. Verma, Bhaskar Mitra
Summary: This report proposes a solution to the pull-in instability issue of MEMS electrostatic actuators by using an ultrathin dielectric layer (UDL) for actuation. The device achieves higher linearity and expands its usable range of motion. It demonstrates a 4.26% electromechanical coupling coefficient and an average deflection sensitivity of 119 nm/V over a range of 350 nm for up to 3.3 V dc bias. The UDL capacitance and deflection exhibit a square law dependence on voltage.
JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Satish K. Verma, Bhaskar Mitra
Summary: This paper presents a novel electrostatic actuator with internal dielectric transduction, which reduces pull-in voltage and enables bi-directional actuation. Experimental results show that the hybrid actuator achieves significant reduction in pull-in voltage, while the upward actuator achieves large out-of-plane deflection at lower voltage.
JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
R. R. Trivedi, D. N. Pawaskar, R. P. Shimpi
Summary: Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is widely used for optimizing structural design problems, but may encounter premature convergence issues. This study proposes a variant of the PSO algorithm to enhance reliability by exploring and exploiting design space simultaneously. The mutated particle swarm optimization (MPSO) effectively addresses premature convergence and achieves better optimization results.
STRUCTURAL AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY OPTIMIZATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
R. Ruiz, J. Bonache, G. Abadal
Summary: This paper describes a new device that merges the mechanical and electromagnetic properties of two conductive cantilevered beams. The device is capable of directly converting electromagnetic power into mechanical actuation.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yoav Kessler, Alexander Liberzon, Slava Krylov
Summary: This work experimentally explores the transient snap-through and snap-back dynamics of a bistable microbeam, using a threshold-based approach for detecting critical events and determining the maximum sampling frequency. Experimental results show that at certain actuation frequencies, free oscillations interfere with consecutive events.
JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Zahra Rashidi, Saber Azizi, Omid Rahmani
Summary: This paper investigates the nonlinear dynamics of a piezoelectrically sandwiched initially curved microbeam under fringing-field electrostatic actuation. The modeling accounts for nonlinearities due to the electrostatic force, initial curvature, and mid-plane stretching. The effect of different excitations on the system response is examined, and the bifurcation types are determined through the analysis of branches and Floquet exponents.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Pramod Martha, Naveen Kadayinti, V Seena
Summary: This article introduces a novel stepped suspended gate field-effect transistor (SSGFET) array-based z-axis accelerometer, which extends the detection range by enlarging the stable driving range and improving sensitivity. Mathematical and simulation models are developed to validate the performance of this new accelerometer design.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Tailong Liu, Teng Pan, Shuijie Qin, Hui Zhao, Huikai Xie
Summary: This paper investigates the complex interactions among multiple energy domains in an immersed electrothermally actuated MEMS mirror and builds a damping model. By using regression analysis, the fluid damping model is solved and the effectiveness and accuracy of the models are verified through experimental results. The developed model in this work can be applied to study the dynamic behaviors of various immersed MEMS actuators.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sharon Rechnitz, Tal Tabachnik, Shlomo Shlafman, Michael Shlafman, Yuval E. Yaish
Summary: This article addresses the characteristics and phenomena of bistable resonators based on carbon nanotubes, finding inaccuracies in the common approach to calculating vibrational resonance amplitude and studying the latching phenomenon and inner shell sliding.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Alison E. Hake, Chuming Zhao, Wang-Kyung Sung, Karl Grosh
Summary: The study introduces a piezoelectric MEMS accelerometer designed for auditory prostheses, providing analytic models for sensitivity and noise to optimize sensor designs. An experimental device with high sensitivity and low input noise was tested, showing promising results for potential applications in auditory prostheses.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hao Yan, Xiaoping Liao, Chenglin Li, Chen Chen
Summary: This paper proposes an amplitude demodulator with a large dynamic range based on MEMS technology, utilizing a cascade of capacitive and thermoelectric sensors to demodulate AM signals with carrier frequencies ranging from 0.35 to 10 GHz. The device has high power handling capability and zero DC power consumption.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Saber Azizi, Hadi Madinei, Javad Taghipour, Hassen M. Ouakad
Summary: The present study examines the effect of nonlinearity on the efficiency enhancement of a capacitive energy harvester, and evaluates the efficiency of the device near the primary and super-harmonic resonances. Bifurcation analysis is conducted to investigate the dynamics of the system. It is found that nonlinearity affects both the bandwidth broadening and efficiency improvement of the energy harvester.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Fehmi Najar, Hassen M. Ouakad, Abdallah Ramini, Nouha Alcheikh, Mohammad Younis
Summary: In this work, we investigated the parametric resonances of an in-plane clamped-guided shallow arch microresonator analytically and experimentally. The experimental data and theoretical model showed that the second parametric resonance has a higher amplitude, indicating the great potential of the arch microresonator in sensing applications.
JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Shaohua Luo, Frank L. Lewis, Yongduan Song, Hassen M. Ouakad
Summary: This article proposes a hierarchical neural network structure to solve the problem of optimal synchronization for coupled fractional-order chaotic electromechanical devices. The presented scheme includes an adaptive neural feedforward policy and an optimal neural feedback policy to force the slave system to synchronize with the master system. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in achieving optimal synchronization and maintaining dynamic stability.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Mohammadreza Zamanzadeh, Hil G. E. Meijer, Hassen M. Ouakad
Summary: In this study, we investigate internal resonances in a levitation force microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based actuator and explore the possibilities of parametric and internal resonances. By analyzing the energy exchange and force response curves, we identify the dominant factors in MEMS design for resonances. These findings enable the optimization of micro-actuator device performance.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ayman M. Alneamy, Hassen M. Ouakad
Summary: This study introduces a novel micro-sensor design consisting of two weakly electrostatically coupled microbeams, showcasing a nonlinear phenomenon and tracking the resonance frequencies of the two microbeams to adjust sensitivity based on control parameter variations. A reduced-order model considering all geometric and electrical nonlinearities is established, achieving sensitivity enhancement in sensing mechanism through mode-localization.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Nithusha Kallingal, Muni Raj Maurya, M. S. Sajna, Huseyin Cagatay Yalcin, Hassen M. Ouakad, Issam Bahadur, Somaya Al-Maadeed, Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni
Summary: In this study, a wearable piezoresistive pressure sensor capsule was successfully fabricated to detect pulse rate and human motion. The sensor capsule demonstrated low detection limit, high sensitivity, fast response time, and good stability, indicating its potential applicability in wearable electronics and smart clothing.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Shenghai Zhang, Shaohua Luo, Shaobo He, Hassen M. Ouakad
Summary: This paper investigates the implementation of analog circuits and adaptive neural backstepping control for a network of four Duffing-type MEMS resonators. The mathematical model of the network is established, and dynamic analysis reveals the complex nonlinear behaviors that can affect the system performance. An adaptive neural backstepping control scheme is proposed to suppress these harmful nonlinear behaviors. The effectiveness of the scheme is verified through numerical simulations.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mahmood Al-Riyami, Issam Bahadur, Hassen Ouakad
Summary: This paper proposes a design of a piezoelectric and electromagnetic hybrid wind energy harvester. By utilizing the room inside the bluff body, multiple cantilever piezoelectric energy harvesters and electromagnetic energy harvesters are incorporated to create a more compact and efficient system. The study includes the development of a dynamic model and a parametric analysis to evaluate the performance of the harvester in terms of output power and bandwidth.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Ayman M. Alneamy, Hassen M. Ouakad
Summary: This research examines a new class of MEMS inertia mass sensors that are simple, sensitive, and selective in possibly detecting tiny objects. The presence of an end-plate in the sensor design overcomes the shortcomings of using in-plane beam resonators, allowing for more control over the quantity of the detector material and improving the sensor's ability to sense the target. The design exploits bistable behavior and can be controlled statically or dynamically depending on the operational mode. The evaluation shows a significant reduction in resonant frequencies under DC voltage when a small amount of object substance is introduced. Placing the added mass at the center of the end-plate and operating the sensor in a specific vibration mode shape proves to be more effective for mass detection by measuring frequency and bifurcation points.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Muhammad Hafizh, Asan G. A. Muthalif, Jamil Renno, M. R. Paurobally, Issam Bahadur, Hassen Ouakad, Mohamed Sultan Mohamed Ali
Summary: Piezoelectric composites are important in energy harvesting from vibration and flow-induced vibration. Magnetic coupling can introduce nonlinearity and improve broadband energy harvesting performance. This paper proposes a piezoelectric energy harvester in a pipe array to harvest oscillations from vortex-induced vibration. Computational simulation results show that an elliptical coupler works best, and a solid coupler outperforms a hollow coupler by up to 50%. Experimental results demonstrate a narrowband voltage output of up to 9V in the pipe array, and the broadband performance of magnetic coupling increases the bandwidth by up to 33% in different orientations and distances.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Retraction
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hassen M. M. Ouakad
MICROSYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES-MICRO-AND NANOSYSTEMS-INFORMATION STORAGE AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hassen M. Ouakad, Ayman M. Alneamy
Summary: This paper investigates the mechanical performance of electrostatically tunable microbeams-based resonators that are designed with two initially-curved microbeams electrostatically coupled. Analytical models and simulation tools were developed to optimize the resonator design and predict its performance, including its fundamental frequency and motional characteristics. The results demonstrate that the electrostatically-coupled resonator exhibits multiple nonlinear phenomena and the coexistence of two stable branches of solutions. These findings suggest the potential for improved performance and future MEMS applications.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Sarra Gismelseed, Amur Al-Yahmedi, Riadh Zaier, Hassen Ouakad, Issam Bahadur
Summary: This study uses a simple model to investigate the impact of different factors on sit-to-stand motion and predicts changes in kinetic and kinematic parameters. The model discovered that changing factors such as motion speed, joint strength, and seat height would affect various aspects of human motion.
Editorial Material
Energy & Fuels
Hassen M. M. Ouakad
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Hassen M. Ouakad, Fehmi Najar, Najib Kacem
Summary: This study proposes to investigate the nonlinear stroke and lower-order modal interactions of a clamped-clamped shallow-arch flexible micro-electrode. The flexible electrode is electrically actuated and its deflection and natural frequencies are analyzed using a nonlinear beam model and a reduced-order model.
