Article
Neurosciences
Amita Daverey, Sandeep K. Agrawal
Summary: This study reveals the protective role of Prdx6 in spinal cord white matter against hypoxia-reperfusion injury, possibly through astrocytes and the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Stella M. Sanchez, Helmut Schmidt, Guillermo Gallardo, Alfred Anwander, Jens Brauer, Angela D. Friederici, Thomas R. Knoesche
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between long-range white matter connectivity of the brain and the ability to process complex sentences. The findings suggest that individual differences in language processing and learning can be explained by differences in the brain's white matter structure. This research highlights the importance of considering brain structure when discussing variations in cognitive performance.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Junqiu Jia, Lili Zheng, Lei Ye, Jian Chen, Shu Shu, Siyi Xu, Xinyu Bao, Shengnan Xia, Renyuan Liu, Yun Xu, Meijuan Zhang
Summary: Ischemic stroke leads to white matter damage and neurological deficits. In this study, the characteristics of white matter injury and repair after stroke were investigated using a mouse stroke model. The researchers found that white matter damage was most severe on Day 7 after the stroke, and gradually recovered from Day 7 to Day 30. They also discovered that CD11c(+) microglia play critical roles in white matter repair and functional recovery after stroke. These findings suggest that spontaneous white matter repair occurs after ischemic stroke, with CD11c(+) microglia being key players in this restorative process.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Ali Abdollahzadeh, Ilya Belevich, Eija Jokitalo, Alejandra Sierra, Jussi Tohka
Summary: DeepACSON is a segmentation software based on deep learning that allows for efficient tracking and segmentation of ultrastructures in brain tissues, providing excellent analysis and evaluation results. By combining existing semantic segmentation methods with a novel shape decomposition technique, DeepACSON achieves effective instance segmentation and white matter morphology quantification in low-resolution 3D-EM datasets.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
R. J. Martinez-Tapia, F. Estrada-Rojo, T. G. Lopez-Aceves, S. Garcia-Velasco, V. Rodriguez-Mata, E. Pulido-Camarillo, A. Perez-Torres, E. Y. Lopez-Flores, P. Ugalde-Muniz, R. Noriega-Navarro, L. Navarro
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health concern with high rates of morbidity and mortality. TBI causes primary and secondary brain damage, with secondary damage leading to metabolic crisis, excitotoxicity, and neuroinflammation that have detrimental effects on neuronal function. However, neuroprotective mechanisms are also activated. The timing of the injury plays a role in the severity of the damage, as shown by our study on a rat model of TBI induced during light hours, which resulted in less behavioral and morphological damage.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ashfaq Ahmed Khan Malik, Waqas Ahmad, Farhan Younas, Haroon Badshah, Shatha Alharazy, Shafiq Ur Rehman, Muhammad Imran Naseer, Osama Yousef Muthaffar, Rehmatullah Achakzai, Ikram Ullah
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of mortality and a significant public health concern. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of Troxerutin, a natural flavonoid, in a closed brain injury mouse model. The results demonstrated that pre-treatment with Troxerutin improved neurological functions, reduced brain edema, enhanced cognitive behavior, decreased Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), and improved neuronal morphology and survival.
Article
Neurosciences
Fan Huang, Peng Xia, Varut Vardhanabhuti, Sai-Kam Hui, Kui-Kai Lau, Henry Ka-Fung Mak, Peng Cao
Summary: This study proposed a new loss function called level-set loss (LSLoss) for cerebral white matter hyperintensities segmentation. By training a V-Net using MRI images, the method achieved high dice similarity coefficients on various testing sets.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Leilei Mao, Limin Sun, Jingyi Sun, Baoliang Sun, Yanqin Gao, Hong Shi
Summary: The study demonstrates that EP treatment can improve sensorimotor function following TBI, reduce white matter injury, and modulate microglia polarization toward the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype during the acute phase of TBI recovery, improving the release of inflammatory-related factors.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Alberto Lazari, Piergiorgio Salvan, Michiel Cottaar, Daniel Papp, Matthew F. S. Rushworth, Heidi Johansen-Berg
Summary: Evidence suggests that white matter plasticity in humans follows Hebb's rule. Stimulation of cortical areas leads to increased cortical excitability and a myelin marker in the stimulated fiber bundle, indicating the presence of Hebbian plasticity in human white matter fibers.
Review
Neurosciences
Mahsa Motavaf, Xianhua Piao
Summary: Perinatal white matter injury is common in premature infants and can lead to lifelong neurological deficits. The immaturity of oligodendrocytes and failure of myelination are the key factors in the etiology of this condition. Currently, there are no clinical treatment options available, leading to increased interest in cell transplantation and promoting endogenous oligodendrocyte function as potential therapeutic strategies.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Vito Antonio Baldassarro, Agnese Stanzani, Luciana Giardino, Laura Calza, Luca Lorenzini
Summary: Efficient strategies for neuroprotection and repair in neurodegenerative diseases and central nervous system lesions are still in high demand. Research on white matter as a potential therapeutic target has increased significantly, particularly with the discovery of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the adult central nervous system. This review discusses the potential of white matter as a therapeutic target in central nervous system lesions and diseases, focusing on conditions like multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and Alzheimer's disease.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Vito Antonio Baldassarro, Agnese Stanzani, Luciana Giardino, Laura Calza, Luca Lorenzini
Summary: Efficient strategies for neuroprotection and repair are still an unmet medical need for neurodegenerative diseases and lesions of the central nervous system. This review discusses the potential of white matter as a therapeutic target for neuroprotection in various conditions, including multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and Alzheimer's disease. The review covers oligodendrocyte precursor cell biology, myelination, white matter imaging techniques, and pathological mechanisms that interfere with myelin repair.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Rebecca K. Holloway, Graeme Ireland, Gemma Sullivan, Julie-Clare Becher, Colin Smith, James P. Boardman, Pierre Gressens, Veronique E. Miron
Summary: Injury to the developing brain during the perinatal period often leads to hypomyelination, and dysregulation of inflammation and microglia may play a role. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia is associated with pathology, and blocking it can rescue myelination. The interaction between inflammasome product IL1 beta and follistatin may provide new therapeutic strategies for reinstating myelination following developmental injury.
Article
Neurosciences
Autumn Horne, Junhua Ding, Tatiana T. Schnur, Randi C. Martin
Summary: Previous studies have found that there are different working memory buffers for maintaining phonological and semantic information. The phonological working memory buffer is located in the left supramarginal gyrus, while semantic working memory is related to the left inferior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, and angular gyrus. However, the white matter correlates of phonological and semantic working memory are not well understood. In this study, we tested individuals with left hemisphere brain damage on word processing and working memory tasks and found that different white matter tracts were associated with phonological and semantic working memory. This research provides valuable insights into the neural correlates of working memory and contributes to our understanding of the separate pathways supporting phonological and semantic working memory.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Xiongjie Fu, Guoyang Zhou, Jianfeng Zhuang, Chaoran Xu, Hang Zhou, Yucong Peng, Yang Cao, Hanhai Zeng, Jianru Li, Feng Yan, Lin Wang, Gao Chen
Summary: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating form of stroke with high morbidity, mortality, and disability rates. Research indicates that the development of white matter injury (WMI) following ICH is complex and determines the prognosis of patients. Comprehensive treatment and understanding the relationship between WMI and other brain cells may reveal therapeutic targets for ICH.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)