Journal
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 61, Issue 19, Pages 8746-8753Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00898
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Funding
- James Cook University
- Australian Research Council [110100226, LE120100015, LE160100218]
- National Health and Medical Research Council [1117504]
- Merchant Foundation
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [CA164719]
- Australian Research Council [LE160100218, LE120100015] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [1117504] Funding Source: NHMRC
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Granulins are a family of growth factors involved in cell proliferation. The liver-fluke granulin, Ov-GRN-1, isolated from a carcinogenic liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini, can significantly accelerate wound repair in vivo and in vitro. However, it is difficult to express Ov-GRN-1 in recombinant form at high yield, impeding its utility as a drug lead. Previously we reported that a truncated analogue (Ov-GRN(12-35_3s)) promotes healing of cutaneous wounds in mice. NMR analysis of this analogue indicates the presence of multiple conformations, most likely as a result of proline cis/trans isomerization. To further investigate whether the proline residues are involved in adopting the multiple confirmations, we have synthesized analogues involving mutation of the proline residues. We have shown that the proline residues have a significant influence on the structure, activity, and folding of Ov-GRN(12-35_3s). These results provide insight into improving the oxidative folding yield and bioactivity of Ov-GRN(12-35_3s) and might facilitate the development of a novel wound healing agent.
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