Article
Environmental Sciences
Noah S. Diffenbaugh, Frances Davenport, Marshall Burke
Summary: The study using U.S. crop insurance data found that global warming has significantly increased crop insurance losses in the U.S., with econometric analysis showing observed warming as the most significant factor. These findings provide concrete data on the financial costs of global warming that has already occurred.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Natasha J. Norton, Kayla A. Holder, Danielle P. Ings, Debbie O. A. Harnum, Rodney S. Russell, Michael D. Grant
Summary: Some individuals who have been exposed to SARS-CoV-2 develop immunity without being infected. A study was conducted on 11 individuals who had prolonged close contact but tested negative for the virus and did not show any signs of infection. The objective was to understand their immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and identify the factors contributing to their immunity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Takayuki Chikata, Hiroyuki Gatanaga, Hung The Nguyen, Daisuke Mizushima, Yu Zhang, Nozomi Kuse, Shinichi Oka, Masafumi Takiguchi
Summary: This study investigated HIV-1-specific CD8(+) T cell responses in 200 Japanese HIV-1-exposed seronegative (HESN) men who have sex with men (MSM). The results showed the presence of HLA-B*51:01-restricted Pol TI8- specific and HLA-A*02:06-restricted Pol SV9-specific CD8+ T cells in two and one individuals, respectively. These HIV-1-specific T cells may contribute to suppressing HIV-1 replication in HESN-MSM individuals.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tulio J. Lopera, Jorge A. Lujan, Eduardo Zurek, Wildeman Zapata, Juan C. Hernandez, Miguel A. Toro, Juan F. Alzate, Natalia A. Taborda, Maria T. Rugeles, Wbeimar Aguilar-Jimenez
Summary: Intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in individuals with HIV infection and HIV-exposed individuals, influencing immune regulation. The microbiota profile of HIV-exposed individuals is similar to that of HIV-infected individuals, possibly due to cohabitation with their HIV+ partners.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hye Kyung Lee, Ludwig Knabl, Lisa Pipperger, Andre Volland, Priscilla A. Furth, Keunsoo Kang, Harold E. Smith, Ludwig Knabl, Romuald Bellmann, Christina Bernhard, Norbert Kaiser, Hannes Gaenzer, Mathias Stroehle, Andreas Walser, Dorothee von Laer, Lothar Hennighausen
Summary: The research investigated whether asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to measurable immune activation post-infection. The study found that asymptomatic seropositive individuals did not show evidence of immune activation, except for one patient with Cystic Fibrosis. Overall, the study showed that asymptomatic infection within a super-spreading event did not result in enduring immunological activation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sivasankaran Munusamy Ponnan, Kannan Thiruvengadam, Sujitha Kathirvel, Janani Shankar, Akshaya Rajaraman, Manikannan Mathaiyan, Thongadi Ramesh Dinesha, Selvamuthu Poongulali, Shanmugam Saravanan, Kailapuri Gangatharan Murugavel, Soumya Swaminathan, Srikanth Prasad Tripathy, Ujjwal Neogi, Vijayakumar Velu, Luke Elizabeth Hanna
Summary: The study found that HIV-exposed seronegative (HESN) women have higher levels of CD8(+) T cells with poly-functional and virus inhibiting abilities, expressing characteristics of T-stem cell-like and follicular homing phenotype. Future vaccine and therapeutic strategies should focus on eliciting these critical CD8(+) T cell subsets.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Nicole L. Kinlock, Denise W. Adams, Mark van Kleunen
Summary: The plants sold in nurseries have direct and indirect impacts on urban and natural landscapes, and the historical development of the nursery industry is related to the diversity patterns observed in present-day urban landscapes.
PLANTS PEOPLE PLANET
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anton J. Blatnik, Vicki L. McGovern, Arthur H. M. Burghes
Summary: Proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disorder characterized by motor neuron loss and skeletal muscle atrophy due to deficiency of the essential survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. Therapeutics aimed at increasing SMN protein levels have shown efficacy in treating SMA, but the mechanisms underlying motor neuron loss are still not well understood. Genetics and biochemistry have provided insights into SMA and SMN, from identifying genetic regions to developing potential treatments, but further research is needed to determine critical pathways in SMA.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Virology
Joseph Hokello, Priya Tyagi, Shelly Dimri, Adhikarimayum Lakhikumar Sharma, Mudit Tyagi
Summary: HIV-exposed seronegative individuals (HESIs) are individuals who are exposed to HIV multiple times but do not show signs of infection. Long-term non-progressors (LTNPs) are HIV-infected individuals who remain stable without therapy, while elite controllers have very low viral levels without treatment. The mechanisms behind these groups' ability to control HIV are multifaceted, involving genetic, immunological, and viral factors.
Article
Ethnic Studies
Tom Wraight
Summary: This paper examines the historical narrative behind the protectionist policies of Donald Trump, arguing that high tariffs became a defining characteristic of U.S. economic nationalism during the nineteenth century. The reduction of high tariffs after the 1930s was seen as a 'great betrayal' of the United States, a narrative that has been exploited by contemporary right-wing populists.
NATIONS AND NATIONALISM
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Saara Vanhatalo, Hilkka Liedes, Kyosti Pennanen
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the effects of lunch restaurant ambience on customers' emotional responses, stress recovery, food choices, and generation of plate waste. The results showed that ambience inducing positive emotional responses led to alleviated stress, healthier food choices, and reduced plate waste.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jennifer Siranosian, Celine Lewis, Melissa Hill, Kelly E. Ormond
Summary: This study used a survey-based discrete choice experiment to understand the preferences of pregnant individuals in Northern California for hypothetical prenatal genomic tests. The findings showed that participants preferred having a prenatal test, had higher preferences for tests with the highest likelihood of getting a result, and had positive preferences for tests that reported secondary findings and where results were returned by a genetic specialist. These findings can guide conversations between pregnant individuals and genetics specialists.
JOURNAL OF GENETIC COUNSELING
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Blair E. E. Wisco, Suzanne Vrshek-Schallhorn, Casey L. L. May, Allison A. A. Campbell, Faith O. O. Nomamiukor, Cameron P. P. Pugach
Summary: Rumination is a risk factor for PTSD and can lead to symptom exacerbation. It does not serve as a form of cognitive avoidance, but instead increases emotional reactivity to trauma reminders. Distraction can reduce general physiological arousal in individuals with PTSD.
JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS
(2023)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Julien Jarret, Arnaud Bore, Christophe Bedetti, Maxime Descoteaux, Simona Maria Brambati
Summary: Combining different MRI modalities is a growing trend in neurosciences, particularly in investigating the brain's architecture supporting cognitive functions. Integrating fMRI activation with dMRI tractography offers potential advantages over standard methods. However, there is currently no consensus or best practices in this technique. This study systematically analyzes and summarizes 80 studies that integrated task-based fMRI results to guide tractography, providing 19 findings that cover various challenges and offering references toward best practices to improve replicability, sensitivity, specificity, and validity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS
(2022)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Elliott S. Lee, Myles A. Maillet, Frederick M. E. Grouzet
Summary: The study found that relative autonomous motivation can better explain why people engage with nature compared to controlled motivation, and that satisfaction of psychological needs in nature is positively associated with autonomous motivation and various types of well-being.
APPLIED RESEARCH IN QUALITY OF LIFE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Giovanni Martinotti, Bernardo Dell'Osso, Giorgio Di Lorenzo, Giuseppe Maina, Alessandro Bertolino, Massimo Clerici, Stefano Barlati, Gianluca Rosso, Marco Di Nicola, Matteo Marcatili, Giacomo d'Andrea, Clara Cavallotto, Stefania Chiappini, Sergio De Filippis, Giuseppe Nicolo, Pasquale De Fazio, Ileana Andriola, Raffaella Zanardi, Domenica Nucifora, Stefania Di Mauro, Roberta Bassetti, Mauro Pettorruso, Roger S. McIntyre, Stefano L. Sensi, Massimo di Giannantonio, Antonio Vita
Summary: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of esketamine in treating unipolar and bipolar treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and provide preliminary evidence of its effectiveness in bipolar TRD (B-TRD). The results showed that esketamine significantly reduced depressive symptoms in B-TRD patients compared to TRD patients, and it had a better anxiolytic action in B-TRD patients. The low risk of side effects confirmed the safety of this treatment.
Article
Virology
Cristian Molteni, Diego Forni, Rachele Cagliani, Alessandra Mozzi, Mario Clerici, Manuela Sironi
Summary: Through analysis of core genes, we found that some genes involved in viral morphogenesis and transcription/replication of orthopoxviruses were targets of positive selection. Episodic positive selection was particularly common on the internal branches of the orthopox phylogeny and on the monkeypox virus lineage. In addition, intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) in orthopoxvirus proteomes were less constrained and frequently targeted by positive selection.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca La Rosa, Simone Agostini, Federica Piancone, Ivana Marventano, Ambra Hernis, Chiara Fenoglio, Daniela Galimberti, Elio Scarpini, Marina Saresella, Mario Clerici
Summary: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, characterized by the deposition of neurotoxic plaques composed of amyloid-beta (Ab). Peripheral inflammation has been identified as an early event in AD pathogenesis. This study focuses on TREM2, a receptor that plays a role in immune cell function and may serve as a potential peripheral biomarker for AD diagnosis and prognosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Ester di Giacomo, Biagio Eugenio Leone, Massimo Clerici, Fabio Grassia
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fiona Limanaqi, Chiara Vicentini, Irma Saulle, Mario Clerici, Mara Biasin
Summary: Type-I diabetes mellitus is a chronic T-cell mediated autoimmune disease influenced by genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 and 2 play a crucial role in disease progression by affecting immune cell activity through abnormal trimming of antigen peptides.
Letter
Allergy
Marta Stracuzzi, Claudia Vanetti, Mario Clerici, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, Daria Trabattoni, Vania Giacomet
PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Teresa Surace, Cecilia Quitadamo, Alice Caldiroli, Enrico Capuzzi, Fabrizia Colmegna, Guido Nosari, Elisa Borroni, Luca Fedrizzi, Valentina Bollati, Angela Cecilia Pesatori, Michele Carugno, Massimo Clerici, Massimiliano Buoli
Summary: The aim of this study was to summarize available data on the link between air pollution exposure and the onset and severity of psychiatric disorders in pregnant women during the perinatal period. Nine studies were included in the analysis, with most focusing on the association between air pollutant exposure and postpartum depression (PPD) onset. The results showed a significant association between PM2.5 and NO2 exposure and PPD onset, as well as an association between PBDE blood levels and more severe depressive symptoms. One study also observed a link between exposure to PM2.5, PM10 during pregnancy and stressful symptoms.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lorenzo Agostino Citterio, Roberta Mancuso, Simone Agostini, Mario Meloni, Mario Clerici
Summary: The etiology of Parkinson's disease is still unclear, but it is likely to involve both genetic and environmental factors. Studies have found dysregulated microRNA expression, specifically increased levels of miR-7-1-5p and miR-223-3p in the serum of Parkinson's patients, suggesting that these microRNAs could potentially serve as diagnostic biomarkers.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Armando Tripodi, Erica Scalambrino, Marigrazia Clerici, Flora Peyvandi
Summary: The laboratory diagnosis of APS requires the measurement of solid-phase antibodies to cardiolipin or β2-Glycoprotein-I and the search for LA. However, the interpretation of results, especially for LA, is difficult in patients on anticoagulation due to the overlap of clotting time prolongations induced by LA and anticoagulants. This article reviews the effect of anticoagulants on APS diagnosis and discusses potential solutions to overcome this issue.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hend Alfadul, Shaun Sabico, Mohammed G. A. Ansari, Abdullah M. Alnaami, Osama E. Amer, Syed D. Hussain, Kaiser Wani, Malak N. K. Khattak, Mario Clerici, Nasser M. Al-Daghri
Summary: Inflammasome activation of NLRP3 is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Limited studies have reported the associations between NLRP3 levels or other circulating interleukins and glycemic status. This study investigated the differences and associations between serum levels of NLRP3 and ILs in Arab adults with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mario Meloni, Cristina Agliardi, Franca Rosa Guerini, Francesca Lea Saibene, Anna Vera Milner, Milena Zanzottera, Elisabetta Bolognesi, Monica Puligheddu, Michela Figorilli, Jorge Navarro, Mario Clerici
Summary: REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is more closely related to synucleinopathies in Parkinson's Disease (PD) compared to other neurodegenerative disorders. This study explores the potential biomarkers for RBD using neural-derived extracellular vesicles (NDEVs) in serum. The findings suggest that serum concentrations of NDEVs' oligomeric a-Syn and SNARE complex components could serve as reliable biomarkers for the RBD-specific PD endophenotype.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Franca Rosa Guerini, Cristina Agliardi, Letizia Oreni, Elisabetta Groppo, Elisabetta Bolognesi, Milena Zanzottera, Domenico Caputo, Marco Rovaris, Mario Clerici
Summary: The association between VDR gene polymorphisms and rehabilitation outcome in MS patients was evaluated. It was found that certain VDR gene variations were associated with better rehabilitation outcomes, suggesting that genetic profiling could be useful in identifying patients with a higher chance of recovery.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irma Saulle, Micaela Garziano, Gioia Cappelletti, Fiona Limanaqi, Sergio Strizzi, Claudia Vanetti, Sergio Lo Caputo, Mariacristina Poliseno, Teresa Antonia Santantonio, Mario Clerici, Mara Biasin
Summary: This study found that the changes in miRNAs, cytokines, and neutralizing activity in the saliva and plasma of COVID-19 patients are associated with disease severity. Compared to mild patients, severe patients showed significant differences in the expression of 8 miRNAs in their saliva and plasma, with increased expression of immune regulatory miRNAs and decreased expression of others.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hend Alfadul, Shaun Sabico, Abdullah M. Alnaami, Osama E. Amer, Syed D. Hussain, Kaiser Wani, Mario Clerici, Nasser M. Al-Daghri
Summary: This study investigated the effect of lifestyle modification on the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and related interleukins in individuals with prediabetes. Results showed that glycemic control positively altered NLRP3 inflammasome activity, and lifestyle modification was crucial in reversing harmful metabolic and inflammatory phenotypes in prediabetic individuals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elisabetta Bolognesi, Franca Rosa Guerini, Alessandra Carta, Matteo Chiappedi, Stefano Sotgiu, Martina Maria Mensi, Cristina Agliardi, Milena Zanzottera, Mario Clerici
Summary: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can have different onset patterns, and the SNAP-25 gene's single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may serve as diagnostic biomarkers for distinguishing early onset and regressive onset ASD, as well as providing insights into tailored therapeutic approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
