Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nayere Taebnia, Ute Romling, Volker M. Lauschke
Summary: Enteric bacterial infections are a major cause of disease and mortality worldwide, especially in developing countries. In vitro 2D monolayer cultures have provided valuable insights into the virulence mechanisms of various pathogens, leading to the discovery of potential targets for antimicrobial therapy and vaccines. More complex models, such as organoids, 3D bioengineered scaffolds, and microphysiological devices, have expanded our understanding of the effects of physiological and biological factors on infection. Advances in ex vivo cultures and intravital imaging have also allowed for the study of enteric pathogens on fluid secretion, barrier integrity, and immune cell surveillance. The combined use of these different methods promises to enhance our understanding of host-microbe interactions and their impact on intestinal health.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Debashis Dutta, Malabendu Jana, Moumita Majumder, Susanta Mondal, Avik Roy, Kalipada Pahan
Summary: Targeting the TLR2/MyD88/NF-kappa B pathway can reduce alpha-synuclein spreading, decrease neuroinflammation, and protect dopaminergic neurons.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xuling Xue, Chenggen Qian, Qin Tao, Yuanxin Dai, Mengdi Lv, Jingwen Dong, Zhi Su, Yong Qian, Jing Zhao, Hong-Ke Liu, Zijian Guo
Summary: Through a bio-orthogonally catalyzed lethality (BCL) strategy, a targeting anti-tumor metallodrug Ru-rhein was successfully generated and demonstrated significant anti-tumor efficacy in vitro and in vivo. This strategy could also be extended to other metal complexes for potential cancer treatment applications.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Polina Mischenko, Anastasia Egoraeva, Anna Tyrtyshnaia, Sergey Kasyanov, Arina Ponomarenko, Igor Manzhulo
Summary: In this study, it was found that chmiyl alcohol (CA) promotes immune processes in the mouse spleen and macrophages. It enhances cell proliferation, increases the activity of the proinflammatory marker CD86, and elevates the levels of reactive oxygen species/nitric oxide/lysosomal activity. However, it does not affect the level of interleukin-1 beta. These findings indicate that CA has a complex immunostimulation effect.
CELLS TISSUES ORGANS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohamed A. Ali, Magdy I. Mohamed, Mohamed A. Megahed, Tamer M. Abdelghany, Khalid M. El-Say
Summary: The study focused on developing cholesterol-based nanovesicles for the delivery of FLT to malignant cells, aiming to enhance its therapeutic efficacy and reduce adverse effects. The optimized FLT-loaded niosomes showed high cytotoxicity and improved oral bioavailability compared to free FLT, indicating potential for use in prostate cancer management.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jiaojiao Li, Peixian Li, Qian Liu, Jinjin Li, Hao Qi
Summary: Strict control of protein synthesis is crucial in synthetic biology. In this study, the consistency of 5'-UTR function in different bacterial cells and in vitro systems was systematically evaluated. The results showed a divergence between in vivo and in vitro protein translation, contrary to the strong correlation between two cellular systems. It was also found that the absence of nucleotide C and complex secondary structure in the 5'-UTR significantly improved protein translation efficiency.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lidiya Lisitskaya, Ekaterina Kropocheva, Aleksei Agapov, Maria Prostova, Vladimir Panteleev, Denis Yudin, Sergei Ryazansky, Anton Kuzmenko, Alexei A. Aravin, Daria Esyunina, Andrey Kulbachinskiy
Summary: In this study, five Prokaryotic Argonaute proteins (pAgos) from mesophilic bacteria are found to function as programmable DNA endonucleases that can target chromosomal and invader DNA. These pAgos are able to precisely cleave single-stranded DNA using small guide DNAs at a wide range of temperatures in vitro. They are loaded with small DNAs preferentially produced from plasmids and chromosomal regions upon expression in Escherichia coli. One particular pAgo, EmaAgo, can induce DNA interference between homologous sequences and protect bacteria from bacteriophage infection by loading phage-derived guide DNAs. The diverse activities of pAgos suggest potential diverse functions in vivo and potential applications in biotechnology.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wei Qiu, Hongle Wu, Zhekai Hu, Xingwen Wu, Maxwell Tu, Fuchun Fang, Xiaofang Zhu, Yao Liu, Junxiang Lian, Paloma Valverde, Thomas Van Dyke, Bjorn Steffensen, Lily Q. Dong, Qisheng Tu, Xuedong Zhou, Jake Chen
Summary: A novel adiponectin receptor agonist, AdipoAI, was designed to suppress inflammation in endotoxemia and other inflammatory disorders. Experimental results showed that AdipoAI can reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by affecting specific signaling pathways.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Blake J. Rasor, Xiunan Yi, Hunter Brown, Hal S. Alper, Michael C. Jewett
Summary: Cell-free systems using genetically rewired cell extracts enable faster and more efficient design of biosynthetic pathways for sustainable chemical synthesis. This integrated framework allows for significant increases in product titers and volumetric productivities through systematic optimization of the cell-free reaction environment. The approach is generalizable to other biosynthesis pathways, showcasing the potential for synthetic biology prototyping and cell-free biomanufacturing.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Huachao Bin, Pei Chen, Ming Wu, Falu Wang, Guifeng Lin, Shulei Pan, Jingming Liu, Bo Mu, Jinshan Nan, Qiao Huang, Linli Li, Shengyong Yang
Summary: This study reports the discovery of a potent and highly selective ATR inhibitor, SKLB-197, which demonstrated strong activity against ATR and weak or no activity against other protein kinases. SKLB-197 showed significant antitumor activity against ATM-deficient tumors both in vitro and in vivo, and it exhibited favorable pharmacokinetic properties. These findings suggest that SKLB-197 could be a promising lead compound for drug discovery targeting ATR.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aida Selaru, Hildegard Herman, George Mihail Vlasceanu, Sorina Dinescu, Sami Gharbia, Cornel Balta, Marcel Rosu, Ciprian V. Mihali, Mariana Ionita, Andrada Serafim, Horia Iovu, Anca Hermenean, Marieta Costache
Summary: This study investigates the potential application of fish gelatin/chitosan hybrids reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) in bone tissue engineering. The results show that the addition of 0.5 wt.% GO has a significant positive effect on both in vitro osteogenic differentiation and in vivo bone cell recruitment in the subcutaneous region.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hyun-Kyung Song, Sun Haeng Park, Hye Jin Kim, Seol Jang, Taesoo Kim
Summary: The water extract of S. suberectus Dunn (SSWex) has therapeutic effects for atopic dermatitis (AD), alleviating AD-like symptoms, inhibiting immune cell infiltration, and reducing levels of proinflammatory chemokines.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiangchun Zhang, Zhichao Zhang, Qingming Shu, Chao Xu, Qinqin Zheng, Zhao Guo, Chen Wang, Zhenxia Hao, Xin Liu, Guoqing Wang, Wangjun Yan, Hongping Chen, Chengyin Lu
Summary: CuCs is a novel antibacterial molecule with broad-spectrum and excellent antibacterial activity, able to disrupt bacterial wall structure, regulate GSH/GSSG ratio, induce reactive oxygen species production, and ultimately lead to bacterial death. In vivo studies in mice demonstrate that CuCs can significantly treat skin wound infections and sepsis caused by MRSA, with similar therapeutic efficacy as mupirocin ointment and vancomycin. Compared to silver and platinum clusters, CuCs show extremely low cytotoxicity to normal mammalian cells.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Naheed Akhtar, Naveed Akhtar, Farid Menaa, Walaa Alharbi, Fatima Saad Salem Alaryani, Ali Musfer Alqahtani, Faizan Ahmad
Summary: Tocopherol acetate (TA) is a skin moisturizing and photoprotective agent, but its stability is limited. In this study, a highly stable TA-containing ethosomal gel (TAEG) was successfully developed using a cold method technique. Extensive in vitro evaluations and characterization were performed, and the optimized TAEG formulation (TA-5) showed the highest entrapment efficiency and stability, as well as improved drug permeation in ex vivo experiments.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Yan Hu, Fei Liu, Junxiao Pang, David Julian McClements, Zhiqin Zhou, Bin Li, Yan Li
Summary: The research showed that encapsulating tangeretin in emulsions can enhance its oral bioavailability, with the addition of HPMC having the most significant effect.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)