Article
Environmental Sciences
Marcel Snels, Francesco Colao, Francesco Cairo, Ilir Shuli, Andrea Scoccione, Mauro De Muro, Michael Pitts, Lamont Poole, Luca Di Liberto
Summary: This study presents the most extensive comparison of PSC observations by ground-based and satellite-borne lidars, showing complementary and congruent datasets for studying seasonal and interannual variations in PSC occurrences at Dome C. A strong correlation is demonstrated between PSC observations and the formation temperature of NAT, T-NAT.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Sharon L. Vadas, Erich Becker, Katrina Bossert, Gerd Baumgarten, Lars Hoffmann, V. Lynn Harvey
Summary: In this study, it was found that the long-period inertia gravity waves observed at the Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research (ALOMAR) were secondary gravity waves created by the breaking of primary gravity waves generated by the imbalance of the polar vortex. This research highlights the importance of the complicated process of multi-step vertical coupling, in which secondary gravity waves can explain the wintertime gravity waves observed in the mesosphere.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matthias Tesche, Peggy Achtert, Michael C. Pitts
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of tropospheric cloudiness on ground-based lidar observations of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) using data from the CALIPSO satellite. The findings suggest that the location of ground-based measurements and related tropospheric cloudiness can have a significant influence on derived PSC statistics, which are often inconsistent with polewide results from CALIOP observations.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Michael Lecours, Peter Bernath, Chris Boone, Jeff Crouse
Summary: Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) play a crucial role in polar ozone depletion. The study utilized the Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) on the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) satellite to record infrared transmittance spectra of PSCs and determine their composition and properties. The research identified PSCs as nitric acid trihydrate (NAT), supercooled nitric acid (SNA), supercooled ternary solutions (STS) of nitric and sulfuric acid, and ice. This classification is vital for understanding and modeling polar stratospheric ozone depletion.
JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
ZiWei Li, Xiangling Tang
Summary: Based on data from CALIPSO, the optical properties of stratospheric aerosols in Xinjiang, China were analyzed. The optical depth of stratospheric aerosols was found to be higher in spring and summer compared to autumn and winter. The backscattering ratio of aerosol particles decreased with increasing altitude, with the bottom of the stratosphere being the main contributor to the optical depth. Moreover, the backscattering ratio gradually increased from south to north in the latitudinal distribution.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Laura Gomez-Martin, Daniel Toledo, Cristina Prados-Roman, Jose Antonio Adame, Hector Ochoa, Margarita Yela
Summary: This study uses the evolution of color index during twilight at high latitudes to detect and characterize polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). The methodology has been validated by simulations, allowing for classification and estimation of PSC altitude, even in the presence of tropospheric clouds or aerosols. The results are in agreement with meteorological models and satellite observations, showing the potential for long-term observation of PSCs using ground-based spectrometers.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Michael Steiner, Beiping Luo, Thomas Peter, Michael C. Pitts, Andrea Stenke
Summary: Polar stratospheric clouds play a crucial role in catalyzing ozone destruction and their accurate representation in chemistry-climate models is important. This study evaluated the simulation of PSCs in the Antarctic winters using the CCM SOCOLv3.1 and compared the results with measurements from the CALIPSO satellite.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Marcel Snels, Francesco Cairo, Luca Di Liberto, Andrea Scoccione, Marco Bracaglia, Terry Deshler
Summary: Macroscopic stratospheric aerosol properties such as SAD and VD are essential for modern chemistry climate models and require continuous validation through observations. By utilizing optical particle counters and lidars simultaneously, empirical relations can be derived between particle backscatter/extinction coefficients and SAD/VD for different aerosols, providing a means to approximate SAD and VD from lidar measurements. Coincident lidar and OPC measurements of PSCs classified as STS and NAT mixtures, with ice absent, provided valuable insights into the relationship between beta, SAD, and VD.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
David A. Peterson, Michael D. Fromm, Richard H. D. McRae, James R. Campbell, Edward J. Hyer, Ghassan Taha, Christopher P. Camacho, George P. Kablick, Chris C. Schmidt, Matthew T. DeLand
Summary: The Black Summer fire season of 2019-2020 in southeastern Australia led to a large-scale outbreak of fire-induced and smoke-infused thunderstorms known as pyrocumulonimbus, with over half of the pyroCbs injecting smoke particles into the stratosphere. These smoke plumes persisted for an unusually long time and continued into nighttime, impacting the climate and environment significantly.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Optics
Manyi Li, Yunbin Wu, Jinlong Yuan, Lijie Zhao, Dawei Tang, Jingjing Dong, Haiyun Xia, Xiankang Dou
Summary: A 1064 nm lidar with high resolution and large dynamic range is developed using a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) to detect the stratospheric aerosol layer. The SNSPDs show high efficiency and low noise and significantly enhance the signal quality. In comparison experiments, the 1064 nm system outperforms the synchronous system at 532 nm.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Natalie Kaifler, Bernd Kaifler, Markus Rapp, David C. Fritts
Summary: The Balloon Lidar Experiment (BOLIDE) captured vertical profiles of PMCs during a 6-day flight in July 2018. The high-resolution soundings revealed highly structured layers with large gradients. The dataset was systematically screened for small-scale variability, and longer tails of the probability density distributions indicated intermittent behavior. Variability on small scales occurred during weak, moderate, and strong gravity wave activity.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Remote Sensing
Yiping Chen, Rongren Wu, Chengzhe Yang, Yaojin Lin
Summary: The proposed PointNLM network utilizes both long-range and local features to achieve efficient and accurate segmentation of vegetation, demonstrating high Intersection over Union (IoU), F-1 scores, and overall accuracy in experimental evaluations on three datasets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaoyu Jiao, Congcong He, Huan Yu, Jun He, Chengjun Wang
Summary: Photochemical reactions involving aqueous HNO3 and H2O2 in polar stratospheric clouds can lead to the production of halogen radicals, which may contribute to ozone depletion.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Meichen Liu, Dingzhu Hu, Zhaoyong Guan
Summary: In early winter of 2020/2021, East Asia experienced two extreme cold events (ECEs). These ECEs were closely related to the sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event, which led to the deformation of stratospheric polar vortex and the southward shifting of the Ural ridge. The combined effects of these factors caused the extreme cold weather in East Asia. Analysis also showed that approximately 8% of total ECEs during 1980/1981-2019/2020 were associated with the extension of the stratospheric polar vortex to East Asia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Audrey Lecouffe, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Andrea Pazmino, Alain Hauchecorne
Summary: This study evaluates the intensity and position of the Southern Hemisphere stratospheric polar vortex edge and analyzes the onset and breakup dates of the polar vortex. The results show that the vortex edge is stronger in late winter and exhibits lower variability in position during this period. There is a long-term increase in intensity and breakup date of the vortex edge, which is linked to the increase in the ozone hole. The solar cycle, QBO, and ENSO modulate the interannual evolution of the vortex edge strength and breakup dates.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Michael Tjernstrom, Matthew D. Shupe, Ian M. Brooks, Peggy Achtert, John Prytherch, Joseph Sedlar
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2019)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
W. Woiwode, M. Hoepfner, L. Bi, F. Khosrawi, M. L. Santee
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2019)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kinya Toride, Kei Yoshimura, Masataka Tada, Christopher Diekmann, Benjamin Ertl, Farahnaz Khosrawi, Matthias Schneider
Summary: Recent studies have shown that assimilating mid-tropospheric water isotopes can significantly improve weather forecasts through non-local impacts on convective heating structure and large-scale circulation. The thermodynamic effects of water isotopes play a greater role in these improvements.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Christopher J. Diekmann, Matthias Schneider, Peter Knippertz, Andries J. Vries, Stephan Pfahl, Franziska Aemisegger, Fabienne Dahinden, Benjamin Ertl, Farahnaz Khosrawi, Heini Wernli, Peter Braesicke
Summary: The Lagrangian framework presented in this study is used to identify mechanisms controlling the isotopic composition of mid-tropospheric water vapor during the West African Monsoon in the Sahel region in 2016. By analyzing air mass mixing, convective processes, and microphysical processes along different transport pathways, the study reveals that isotopic changes in water vapor are determined by contributions from different processes such as air mass mixing, condensation during convection, and microphysical processes depleting the vapor beyond the Rayleigh prediction.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Matthias Schneider, Benjamin Ertl, Qiansi Tu, Christopher J. Diekmann, Farahnaz Khosrawi, Amelie N. Roehling, Frank Hase, Darko Dubravica, Omaira E. Garcia, Eliezer Sepulveda, Tobias Borsdorff, Jochen Landgraf, Alba Lorente, Andre Butz, Huilin Chen, Rigel Kivi, Thomas Laemmel, Michel Ramonet, Cyril Crevoisier, Jerome Pernin, Martin Steinbacher, Frank Meinhardt, Kimberly Strong, Debra Wunch, Thorsten Warneke, Coleen Roehl, Paul O. Wennberg, Isamu Morino, Laura T. Iraci, Kei Shiomi, Nicholas M. Deutscher, David W. T. Griffith, Voltaire A. Velazco, David F. Pollard
Summary: The article presents a method for the synergetic use of IASI profile and TROPOMI total-column level 2 retrieval products, which combines the advantages of thermal infrared and scattered solar radiation observation data. The method is successfully validated for atmospheric methane (CH4) detection, showing reliable results compared to reference data from various measurement stations.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qiansi Tu, Matthias Schneider, Frank Hase, Farahnaz Khosrawi, Benjamin Ertl, Jaroslaw Necki, Darko Dubravica, Christopher J. Diekmann, Thomas Blumenstock, Dianjun Fang
Summary: Intensive coal mining activities in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin in Poland result in significant methane emissions. This study utilized satellite data and model forecasts to estimate the methane emission rate in the region and validated the results, demonstrating the accuracy and reliability of the method.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
William G. Read, Gabriele Stiller, Stefan Lossow, Michael Kiefer, Farahnaz Khosrawi, Dale Hurst, Holger Vomel, Karen Rosenlof, Bianca M. Dinelli, Piera Raspollini, Gerald E. Nedoluha, John C. Gille, Yasuko Kasai, Patrick Eriksson, Christopher E. Sioris, Kaley A. Walker, Katja Weigel, John P. Burrows, Alexei Rozanov
Summary: This study compares 19 different types of data sets, covering the humidity situation at different heights in the upper troposphere, with a focus on the challenging UTH measurements that require consideration of concentration and vertical gradients changes, as well as the impact of cloudiness on the measurements. Comparisons between satellite measurements and balloon sondes show some differences, particularly with up to 2-fold differences in UTH concentrations.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Florian Haenel, Wolfgang Woiwode, Jennifer Buchmuller, Felix Friedl-Vallon, Michael Hopfner, Soren Johansson, Farahnaz Khosrawi, Oliver Kirner, Anne Kleinert, Hermann Oelhaf, Johannes Orphal, Roland Ruhnke, Bjorn-Martin Sinnhuber, Jorn Ungermann, Michael Weimer, Peter Braesicke
Summary: Water vapor and ozone play important roles in the thermal and radiative balance of the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere. High-resolution measurements and simulations are necessary to evaluate the models' performance and improve their accuracy.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Matthias Schneider, Benjamin Ertl, Christopher J. Diekmann, Farahnaz Khosrawi, Andreas Weber, Frank Hase, Michael Hoepfner, Omaira E. Garcia, Eliezer Sepulveda, Douglas Kinnison
Summary: IASI is the core instrument of the Metop satellites, and MUSICA IASI processing is used for estimating the vertical distribution of atmospheric water vapor and other gases. The dataset is provided in netCDF format.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Qiansi Tu, Frank Hase, Thomas Blumenstock, Matthias Schneider, Andreas Schneider, Rigel Kivi, Pauli Heikkinen, Benjamin Ertl, Christopher Diekmann, Farahnaz Khosrawi, Michael Sommer, Tobias Borsdorff, Uwe Raffalski
Summary: This study compares COCCON and TCCON water vapor mole fraction retrievals in northern regions, showing good overall agreement and revealing that COCCON has reduced biases compared to TCCON. The research also indicates that the data provided by COCCON is of good quality and could potentially serve as a complement to the TCCON network for satellite validation efforts.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matthias Tesche, Peggy Achtert, Michael C. Pitts
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of tropospheric cloudiness on ground-based lidar observations of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) using data from the CALIPSO satellite. The findings suggest that the location of ground-based measurements and related tropospheric cloudiness can have a significant influence on derived PSC statistics, which are often inconsistent with polewide results from CALIOP observations.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jutta Vullers, Peggy Achtert, Ian M. Brooks, Michael Tjernstrom, John Prytherch, Annika Burzik, Ryan Neely
Summary: The Arctic Ocean 2018 expedition provided important information on the coupling of the ocean, ice surface, and atmosphere, revealing new findings different from previous studies, which were related to the high frequency of cyclonic activity in the central Arctic in 2018.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peggy Achtert, Ewan J. O'Connor, Ian M. Brooks, Georgia Sotiropoulou, Matthew D. Shupe, Bernhard Pospichal, Barbara J. Brooks, Michael Tjernstrom
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Stefan Lossow, Charlotta Hoegberg, Farahnaz Khosrawi, Gabriele P. Stiller, Ralf Bauer, Kaley A. Walker, Sylvia Kellmann, Andrea Linden, Michael Kiefer, Norbert Glatthor, Thomas von Clarmann, Donal P. Murtagh, Joerg Steinwagner, Thomas Roeckmann, Roland Eichinger
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Soeren Johansson, Michelle L. Santee, Jens-Uwe Grooss, Michael Hoepfner, Marleen Braun, Felix Friedl-Vallon, Farahnaz Khosrawi, Oliver Kirner, Erik Kretschmer, Hermann Oelhaf, Johannes Orphal, Bjoern-Martin Sinnhuber, Ines Tritscher, Joern Ungermann, Kaley A. Walker, Wolfgang Woiwode
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2019)