Article
Environmental Sciences
Quanliang Chen, Yujing Liao, Xin Zhou, Ting Duan, Xiaotian Xue, Ziqi Zhang, Dandan Dong, Wuhu Feng
Summary: The impact of El Nino on the moisture in the tropical lower stratosphere has been extensively studied. The unprecedented hydration during the extreme El Nino in 2015/2016 provides an opportunity to distinguish the response of water vapor to extreme and moderate El Nino events.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yong Tang, Anning Huang, Peili Wu, Danqing Huang, Daokai Xue, Yang Wu
Summary: The study systematically identified and quantitatively analyzed synoptic patterns associated with extreme summer precipitation events over East China during 1961-2018, revealing that the events are mainly driven by the East Asian summer monsoon, Meiyu front, landfalling tropical cyclones, and low-pressure vortices. Most sub-regions have experienced increasing trends of extreme rainfall events in the past six decades, with comparable contributions from the two main drivers, while the North China Plain has seen a decreasing trend caused by low-level southeasterly winds.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Dawei Wang, Yuanyuan Chen, Mourin Jarin, Xing Xie
Summary: This article emphasizes the impact of increasing frequency of extreme weather events due to climate change on water supply, particularly the exacerbation of inequalities in health and education. The article calls for greater attention and efforts in technological innovation in decentralized, especially point-of-use water treatment to better address the challenges posed by extreme weather events.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
N. Mpungose, W. Thoithi, R. C. Blamey, C. J. C. Reason
Summary: The Pongola-Mtamvuna (PM) water management area in southeastern Africa experiences considerable interannual variability in rainfall and extreme rainfall events, which play a significant role in drought and flood risks.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
H. A. I. X. U. HONG, J. I. A. N. Q. I. SUN, H. U. I. J. U. N. WANG
Summary: This study explores the interannual and interdecadal variations in extreme high-temperature events over northern Asia and the associated mechanisms. It finds that on an interannual scale, the frequency of these events is related to local atmospheric factors and solar radiation, while on an interdecadal scale, it is influenced by the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation and global warming. The study also identifies teleconnection patterns and sea surface temperature patterns that further contribute to the variations in extreme high-temperature events.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Wenyu He, Huopo Chen, Jiehua Ma
Summary: This study aimed to explore the changing characteristics and underlying mechanisms of extreme hot-humid events over eastern China in recent decades. Results showed an increasing trend in these events, with strong interannual variability. The key factors linked to these variations were identified as anomalies in sea surface temperatures over the northwest Pacific and western tropical Pacific, as well as Arctic sea ice concentration anomalies in May.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Guicai Ning, Ming Luo, Qiang Zhang, Shigong Wang, Zhen Liu, Yuanjian Yang, Sijia Wu, Zhaoliang Zeng
Summary: The study reveals that extreme precipitation events in arid Northwest China display a specific zonal wave pattern with the deepening of the western Siberian trough, central Asian high, and Mongolian high. Long-term observations show a significant increasing trend in both total summer precipitation and the frequency of extreme precipitation events, indicating a more humid climate and more frequent extreme precipitation events in the region.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xin Zhou, Quanliang Chen, Yang Li, Yawei Yang, Shaobo Zhang, Yong Zhao, Yulei Qi, Jingtao Zhou
Summary: The study found that the weak vortex induced by El Nino does not lead to overall cooling in North America, with some regions even experiencing decreased cooling. This is due to the advection of warmer air masses guided by an enhanced ridge over Canada and a trough over the Aleutian Peninsula.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Nam-Jin Noh, Gwang-Jung Kim, Yowhan Son, Min-Seok Cho
Summary: This study evaluated the early growth performance of Larix kaempferi seedlings under extreme climate conditions of experimental warming and different precipitation regimes. Results showed that extreme climate events did not significantly affect survival rate, biomass, shoot-to-root ratio, and seedling quality index of the seedlings, but moderate warming and high rainfall promoted height growth while heavy rainfall decreased stem volume.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Sandro F. Veiga, Huiling Yuan
Summary: This study investigates the impact of future changes in El Nino events on East Asian summer rainfall. The results suggest that the intensity of El Nino events and the phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation can influence the changes in East Asian summer rainfall. Changes in El Nino-driven wind circulation anomalies are found to be the main factor influencing the changes in East Asian summer rainfall.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
T. Bhagyaraj, S. Sabarathinam, A. Ishaq Ahamed, K. Thamilmaran
Summary: In this paper, the phenomenon of super-extreme events in the forced BVP oscillator is reported, and their existence is verified. This has important implications for understanding and applying extreme events in different systems.
PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Daiana M. Martinez, Silvina A. Solman
Summary: This study focuses on characterizing the characteristics and synoptic environment differences of extreme precipitation events in southeastern South America during the warm season. The results show that extreme events are more intense and located in different regions during spring and summer. The study also identifies two distinct patterns for each season and highlights the differences in synoptic forcing features between spring and summer, which may explain the differences in extreme precipitation events.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Haixu Hong, Jianqi Sun, Huijun Wang
Summary: This study investigates the synoptic atmospheric patterns responsible for regional extreme high-temperature events in northern Asia. Three subregions in northern Asia are identified: western, central, and southeastern. Six synoptic circulation patterns are categorized, which influence the occurrence of extreme high-temperature events through different radiation and advection processes. Six wave trains originating from the North Atlantic Ocean and Europe serve as precursors for these synoptic circulation patterns, affecting the extreme high-temperature events in northern Asia.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jingwen Zeng, Anning Huang, Peili Wu, Danqing Huang, Yan Zhang, Jian Tang, Dajun Zhao, Ben Yang, Shuang Chen
Summary: Based on the analysis of data from 1980 to 2020, this study identifies typical synoptic patterns responsible for extreme hourly precipitation events over the middle and lower Yangtze River basin during summer. The Meiyu front and landfalling typhoons are found to be the main contributors. The occurrence of extreme precipitation events shows a distinct diurnal pattern, with a peak in the morning for the strong Meiyu front pattern and a secondary peak in the late afternoon for the weak Meiyu front pattern.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Shraddha Gupta, Zhen Su, Niklas Boers, Juergen Kurths, Norbert Marwan, Florian Pappenberger
Summary: A deeper understanding of the relationship between the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) and the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is important for improving subseasonal forecasting of extreme precipitation events. Using a complex network approach, two dominant synchronization pathways and associated atmospheric circulation patterns between ISM and EASM are identified. Additionally, certain phases of the Madden-Julian oscillation and the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation are found to influence the synchronization of extreme rainfall events between ISM and EASM.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mariam Tidiga, Gwenael Berthet, Fabrice Jegou, Corinna Kloss, Nelson Begue, Jean-Paul Vernier, Jean-Baptiste Renard, Adriana Bossolasco, Lieven Clarisse, Ghassan Taha, Thierry Portafaix, Terry Deshler, Frank G. Wienhold, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Guillaume Payen, Jean-Marc Metzger, Valentin Duflot, Nicolas Marquestaut
Summary: This paper quantifies the impact of volcanic events on the tropical stratospheric aerosol content from 2013 to 2019 using global model simulations. The results show that volcanic events significantly influence the stratospheric aerosol layer in the tropics, either through direct injection or transport. The model calculations reproduce the characteristics of volcanic plumes derived from satellite observations, but some discrepancies exist in the absolute values of extinction and stratospheric aerosol optical depth.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
David A. Peterson, Laura H. Thapa, Pablo E. Saide, Amber J. Soja, Emily M. Gargulinski, Edward J. Hyer, Bernadett Weinzierl, Maximilian Dollner, Manuel Schoberl, Philippe P. Papin, Shobha Kondragunta, Christopher P. Camacho, Charles Ichoku, Richard H. Moore, Johnathan W. Hair, James H. Crawford, Philip E. Dennison, Olga Kalashnikova, Christel E. Bennese, Thaopaul P. Bui, Joshua P. DiGangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Marta A. Fenn, Hannah S. Halliday, Jose Jimenez, John B. Nowak, Claire Robinson, Kevin Sanchez, Taylor J. Shingler, Lee Thornhill, Elizabeth B. Wiggins, Edward Winstead, Chuanyu Xu
Summary: The 2019 FIREX-AQ field experiment collected valuable data on the impact of fires on regional and global environments and air quality. The study focuses on pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) events, which transport smoke into the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). The dataset confirms an increase in the magnitude of smoke plumes in the UTLS due to unprecedented wildfire and pyroCb activity worldwide. The study also investigates the influence of fire geometry and spatial extent on pyroCb activity, as well as the composition of smoke plumes lifted into the UTLS.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Susan E. Strahan, Dan Smale, Susan Solomon, Ghassan Taha, Megan R. Damon, Stephen D. Steenrod, Nicholas Jones, Ben Liley, Richard Querel, John Robinson
Summary: Australian wildfires injected record-breaking amounts of smoke into the stratosphere, resulting in the re-distribution of inorganic chlorine (Cl-y) and odd nitrogen (NOy) and a decrease in stratospheric ozone levels. The perturbations began and ended near the equinoxes, increased poleward, and peaked at the winter solstice. Transport dynamics played a significant role in the observed ozone decrease, with no significant transport earlier. Simulations indicated that the composition and chemistry of wildfire smoke and sulfate aerosols are different, undermining the ability to predict ozone changes in a changing climate.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
G. Taha, R. Loughman, P. R. Colarco, T. Zhu, L. W. Thomason, G. Jaross
Summary: On 15 January 2022, the submarine Hunga Tonga volcanic eruption released materials to a record-breaking altitude. The injected material circled the globe within two weeks and is likely to influence the ozone hole.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Bryan M. Karpowicz, Patrick G. Stegmann, Benjamin T. Johnson, Hui W. Christophersen, Edward J. Hyer, Andrew Lambert, Eric Simon
Summary: The Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM) is a powerful radiative transfer model used for satellite data assimilation and remote sensing applications. pyCRTM is a new software framework that interfaces with CRTM Fortran in Python, providing a simpler and more flexible way to learn and use CRTM.
JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Jared W. Marquis, Erica K. Dolinar, Anne Garnier, James R. Campbell, Benjamin C. Ruston, Ping Yang, Jianglong Zhang
Summary: The assimilation of hyperspectral infrared sounders (HIS) observations is essential for numerical weather prediction, but it assumes clear-sky observations. However, it is found that around 7.7% of assimilated HIS observations are contaminated by cirrus clouds. These contaminating clouds exhibit characteristics consistent with cirrus clouds, such as low cloud optical depths and specific cloud-top temperatures.
JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
M. R. Schoeberl, Yi Wang, R. Ueyama, G. Taha, W. Yu
Summary: On January 15, 2022, the HT eruption injected SO2 and water into the middle stratosphere. The water vapor anomaly moved northward toward and across the equator due to equatorial Rossby waves forced by excessive infrared water vapor cooling. During the spring of 2022, the westerly phase of the tropical quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) descended through the tropics, causing the HT water vapor and aerosol anomalies to move across the equator again coincident with the shift in the Brewer-Dobson circulation and the descent of the QBO shear zone.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Melinda T. T. Berman, Xinxin Ye, Laura H. H. Thapa, David A. A. Peterson, Edward J. J. Hyer, Amber J. J. Soja, Emily M. M. Gargulinski, Ivan Csiszar, Christopher C. C. Schmidt, Pablo E. E. Saide
Summary: In this study, a novel algorithm is developed to estimate hourly accumulated burned area using non-convex polygons containing VIIRS active-fire detections. Hourly time series are created by combining VIIRS estimates with FRP estimates from GOES-17 data. The results show that the hourly accumulation of burned area for multiple fires from 2019 to 2020 generally correlate strongly with airborne IR observations, exhibiting correlation coefficient values usually greater than 0.95 and errors <20%.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Francis A. Turney, Pablo E. Saide, Pedro A. Jimenez Munoz, Domingo Munoz-Esparza, Edward J. Hyer, David A. Peterson, Maria E. Frediani, Timothy W. Juliano, Amy L. DeCastro, Branko Kosovic, Xinxin Ye, Laura H. Thapa
Summary: Predicting the evolution of wildfires, including burned area, smoke emissions, and energy release, is crucial for air quality forecasting and emergency response planning. This study compares a coupled fire-weather model with current methods used in air quality forecasts. The results show that incorporating containment efforts in the model has the greatest impact on accurate predictions of daily burned area.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Meng Zhou, Jun Wang, Lorena Castro Garcia, Xi Chen, Arlindo M. da Silva, Zhuosen Wang, Miguel O. Roman, Edward J. Hyer, Steven D. Miller
Summary: We introduce the second-generation Fire Light Detection Algorithm (FILDA-2), which improves fire detection and retrieval of radiative power (FRP), fire visible energy fraction (VEF), and fire modified combustion efficiency (MCE) using multiple-spectral radiances measured by VIIRS. FILDA-2 can detect smaller and cooler fires than the operational VIIRS algorithm and provides daily global pixel-level characterizations of MCE for nighttime surface fires.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
John E. Yorks, Jun Wang, Matthew J. McGill, Melanie Follette -Cook, Edward P. Nowottnick, Jeffrey S. Reid, Peter R. Colarco, Jianglong Zhang, Olga Kalashnikova, Hongbin Yu, Franco Marenco, Joseph A. Santanello, Tammy M. Weckwerth, Zhanqing Li, James R. Campbell, Ping Yang, Minghui Diao, Vincent Noel, Kerry G. Meyer, James L. Carr, Michael Garay, Kenneth Christian, Angela Bennedetti, Allison M. Ring, Alice Crawford, Michael J. Pavolonis, Valentina Aquila, Jhoon Kim, Shobha Kondragunta
Summary: A SmallSat mission concept called TOMCAT is proposed to carry out time-varying optical measurements of clouds and aerosol transport from space. TOMCAT aims to statistically resolve diurnal and vertical variation of cloud properties, determine the impacts of boundary layer diurnal variation on air quality and cloud distributions, and characterize smoke and dust emission processes. TOMCAT plans to deliver its data products in near-real time and offer hazard-monitoring capabilities for smoke, dust, and volcanic plumes.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yunqian Zhu, Charles G. Bardeen, Simone Tilmes, Michael J. Mills, Xinyue Wang, V. Lynn Harvey, Ghassan Taha, Douglas Kinnison, Robert W. Portmann, Pengfei Yu, Karen H. Rosenlof, Melody Avery, Corinna Kloss, Can Li, Anne S. Glanville, Luis Millan, Terry Deshler, Nickolay Krotkov, Owen B. Toon
Summary: The January 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano injected a significant amount of water into the stratosphere, which resulted in large perturbations to stratospheric aerosol evolution. The eruption is expected to continue impacting the climate system by increasing aerosol surface area and water vapor until at least October 2022.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Sarah A. Strode, Ghassan Taha, Luke D. Oman, Robert Damadeo, David Flittner, Mark Schoeberl, Christopher E. Sioris, Ryan Stauffer
Summary: This study develops a set of scaling factors dependent on solar zenith angle, latitude, and altitude to consider the diurnal variability in ozone and nitrogen dioxide. The use of a global atmospheric chemistry model allows for consistent comparisons between observations from different times of day. The application of these scaling factors improves the comparison between different observations and shows good agreement with correlative measurements.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peng Xian, Jianglong Zhang, Norm T. O'Neill, Jeffrey S. Reid, Travis D. Toth, Blake Sorenson, Edward J. Hyer, James R. Campbell, Keyvan Ranjbar
Summary: In this study, the climatology and trend of Arctic aerosol optical depth (AOD) for the spring and summer periods from 2003 to 2019 were analyzed, and the statistics and trends of extreme AOD events in the Arctic were reported. Extreme events were mainly dominated by fine-mode aerosol particles, with biomass burning (BB) smoke events being the main cause in the North American Arctic, the Asian Arctic, and most areas of the Arctic Ocean.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peng Xian, Jianglong Zhang, Norm T. O'Neill, Travis D. Toth, Blake Sorenson, Peter R. Colarco, Zak Kipling, Edward J. Hyer, James R. Campbell, Jeffrey S. Reid, Keyvan Ranjbar
Summary: This study presents a climatology and trend analysis of Arctic aerosol optical depth (AOD) during the spring and summertime periods from 2003 to 2019. The results show consistent spatial patterns and trends in AOD in the Arctic, and the aerosol reanalyses provide more reliable results compared to climate models. Black carbon AOD is mainly from biomass burning sources, and AOD exhibits significant interannual variations driven by fine-mode and biomass burning smoke.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)