Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tarek Sawas, Shawn A. Zamani, Sarah Killcoyne, Andrew Dullea, Kenneth K. Wang, Prasad G. Iyer, Rebecca C. Fitzgerald, David A. Katzka
Summary: Existing Barrett's esophagus screening guidelines have limitations in detecting prevalent esophageal adenocarcinoma. An optimized approach is needed to identify individuals most suitable for esophageal adenocarcinoma screening, particularly one that does not rely on chronic reflux symptoms.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Franz Ludwig Dumoulin, Fabian Dario Rodriguez-Monaco, Alanna Ebigbo, Ingo Steinbruck
Summary: Esophageal adenocarcinoma is the most common subtype of esophageal cancer in Western societies and its incidence is increasing. The development and validation of artificial intelligence systems in the field of gastroenterology may help address unresolved issues in the prevention and surveillance of this cancer.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ahmed Sam Beydoun, Kaleigh A. Stabenau, Kenneth W. Altman, Nikki Johnston
Summary: Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is increasing rapidly and has a poor prognosis, often preceded by Barrett's esophagus (BE). This review provides an overview of BE, EAC, and the progression from BE to EAC. The definition, diagnosis, epidemiology, and risk factors for both conditions are discussed, with special attention given to areas of debate. The progression from BE to EAC is likely driven by inflammatory pathways, pepsin exposure, upregulation of growth factor pathways, and mitochondrial changes. Surveillance is conducted through serial endoscopic evaluation, with shorter intervals recommended for high-risk features.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Leonardo H. Eusebi, Andrea Telese, Giovanna G. Cirota, Rehan Haidry, R. Maurizio Zagari, Franco Bazzoli, Alexander C. Ford
Summary: Gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) symptoms are associated with an increased odds of Barrett's esophagus (BE), especially when the symptoms occur weekly. However, GER symptoms have low sensitivity and specificity for predicting BE, except for a strong association with long segment BE. Screening individuals with weekly GER symptoms may be beneficial to rule out long segment BE.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jan Bilski, Monika Pinkas, Dagmara Wojcik-Grzybek, Marcin Magierowski, Edyta Korbut, Agnieszka Mazur-Bialy, Gracjana Krzysiek-Maczka, Slawomir Kwiecien, Katarzyna Magierowska, Tomasz Brzozowski
Summary: Both obesity and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) rates have seen a significant increase in recent years in the United States and Western Europe. Obesity plays a key role in the development of EAC, with increased body mass index correlating with higher risk. Pathologically altered visceral fat in obesity is believed to contribute to this process. Visceral obesity may promote EAC through direct effects on gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett's esophagus (BE), as well as through the release of pro-inflammatory adipokines and insulin resistance. Disrupted adipokine production, such as the imbalance of leptin and adiponectin, is implicated in the pathogenesis of BE and EAC. This review discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and molecular alterations associated with obesity in BE and EAC, with a focus on the potential role of adipokines and myokines. The review also highlights the possible crosstalk of adipokines and myokines during exercise and suggests lifestyle interventions, specifically regular physical activity, as a promising strategy for preventing the development of BE and EAC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Deqiang Han, Chao Zhang
Summary: Barrett's esophagus is a major complication of gastro-esophageal reflux disease and an important precursor lesion for the development of Barrett's metaplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma. This review discusses the mechanisms of Barrett's metaplasia and adenocarcinoma underlying oxidative DNA damage in gastro-esophageal reflux disease patients based on recent clinical and basic findings.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ikenna C. Okereke, Aaron L. Miller, Daniel C. Jupiter, Catherine F. Hamilton, Gabriel L. Reep, Timothy Krill, Clark R. Andersen, Richard B. Pyles
Summary: The microbial community structures differ between patients with and without Barrett's esophagus, with certain organisms less likely to be detected as the severity of Barrett's esophagus worsens.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pelin Ergun, Sezgi Kipcak, Serhat Bor
Summary: Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a condition resulting from chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease, which may progress to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The histological dysplasia grade is commonly used as a biomarker, but its effectiveness is limited due to cost and lack of progression in many BE patients. Clinicians require multiple or more quantitative biomarkers for early diagnosis of EAC, which has high mortality. Epigenetic factors in the early stages of neoplastic transformation show promise as predictive biomarkers. This review summarizes current research on DNA methylations, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs (miRNAs) during the progression from BE dysplasia to EAC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bashar J. Qumseya, Yazan Qumsiyeh, Sandeep A. Ponniah, David Estores, Dennis Yang, Crystal N. Johnson-Mann, Jeffrey Friedman, Alexander Ayzengart, Peter V. Draganov
Summary: After analyzing 10 studies, it was found that the prevalence of BE is high in patients undergoing EGD after SG, with no significant correlation with postoperative GERD symptoms. Most cases of BE were observed after 3 years.
GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xuening Zhang, Xiaorong Yang, Tongchao Zhang, Xiaolin Yin, Jinyu Man, Ming Lu
Summary: Educational attainment is related to the risk of esophageal cancer, Barrett's esophagus, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Genetically predicted higher educational attainment has a protective effect on these diseases, partly mediated by reducing adiposity, smoking, and depression.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Majid Alsahafi, Hebah Mimish, Fatma Salem, Mohammed Hijazi, Emad Aljahdli, Hani Jawa, Salim Bazarah, Rana Bokhary, Yousef Qari, Mahmoud Mosli
Summary: BE was reported endoscopically in 0.64% and histologically confirmed in 0.32% of this cohort of Saudi patients. Male gender was the only factor associated with BE.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eszter Becskehazi, Marietta Margareta Korsos, Eleonora Gal, Laszlo Tiszlavicz, Zsofia Hoyk, Maria A. Deli, Zoltan Marton Kohler, Aniko Keller-Pinter, Attila Horvath, Kata Cseko, Zsuzsanna Helyes, Peter Hegyi, Viktoria Venglovecz
Summary: The study suggests that smoking affects the function of ion transporters, playing a role in the development of smoking-induced esophageal diseases. In metaplastic cells, CSE treatment increased the activity and protein expression of NHE-1, reducing proliferation in a NHE-1-dependent manner. Contrarily, in normal cells, the expression and activity of NHE-1 decreased due to smoke exposure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tarek Sawas, Saam Dilmaghani, Lovekirat Dhaliwal, Kenneth K. Wang, Prasad G. Iyer, David A. Katzka
Summary: The study found that compared to BE patients, EAC patients had significantly lower rates of heartburn, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, optimal strategies for screening for prevalent EAC may need to be adjusted.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Jun Liang Teh, Hui Yu Tham, Alex Yu Sen Soh, Corrisa Chee, Guowei Kim, Asim Shabbir, Reuben Kong Min Wong, Jimmy Bok Yan So
Summary: This study focused on reflux after POEM, finding that 43.1% of patients had symptomatic reflux, 60% had endoscopic evidence of esophagitis, and 56% had increased acid exposure on pH-impedance test.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Benjamin D. Liu, Sharon C. Udemba, Sherif Saleh, Hannah Hill, Gengqing Song, Ronnie Fass
Summary: The study indicates that raloxifene increases the risk of GERD, esophageal stricture, and Barrett's esophagus in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. It was also found that raloxifene was identified as a risk factor for these complications in multivariate analysis.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)