4.4 Article

FOAM-MAT FREEZE-DRYING OF APPLE JUICE PART 1: EXPERIMENTAL DATA AND ANN SIMULATIONS

Journal

JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESS ENGINEERING
Volume 33, Issue -, Pages 268-283

Publisher

WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4530.2009.00400.x

Keywords

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Funding

  1. Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (Quebec, Canada)

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Freeze-drying of foamed and nonfoamed apple juice was studied in order to assess if there is a reduction in process time due to foaming. Foams were prepared by whipping apple juice with methylcellulose or egg albumin at different concentrations. Foamed and nonfoamed juice samples having different thickness and different initial weight were frozen at -40C and then freeze-dried at 20C during 48 h under vacuum. Sample weight loss and temperature were followed at different process times. A mathematical model based on artificial neural networks was developed to represent foam kinetics and temperature curves during freeze-drying. Foaming reduced process time if the comparison was done at equal sample thickness. However, lower density of foamed materials decreases weight load to the dryer. Unfortunately, the optimization of the process did not permit the determination of a practical minimal foam sample thickness to enhance both drying rate and dryer throughput.

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