Sida rhomboidea.Roxb leaf extract ameliorates gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity and renal dysfunction in rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Sida rhomboidea.Roxb (SR) known as Mahabala in Ayurveda and marketed as Shahadeyi is used in ethnomedicine to treat ailments such as dysuria and urinary disorders. Aim of the study: To evaluate nephroprotective potential of SR against gentamicin (GM) induced nephrotoxicity and renal dysfunction. Materials and methods: Nephrotoxicity was induced in rats with GM (100mg/kg bodyweight (i.p.) for 8 days) and were treated with SR extract (200 and 400 mg/kg bodyweight (p.o.) for 8 days) or 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (vehicle). Plasma and urine urea and creatinine, renal enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants along with lipid peroxidation were evaluated in various experimental groups. Results: GM treatment induced significant elevation (p < 0.05) in plasma and urine urea, creatinine, renal lipid peroxidation along with significant decrement (p < 0.05) in renal enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. SR treatment to GM treated rats (GM + SR) recorded significant decrement (p < 0.05) in plasma and urine urea and creatinine, renal lipid peroxidation along with significant increment (p < 0.05) in renal enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Conclusion: SR leaf extract ameliorates GM induced nephrotoxicity and renal dysfunction and thus validates its ethnomedicinal use. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.