Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
M. J. Doran, F. J. Mulligan, M. B. Lynch, A. G. Fahey, N. J. Ryan, C. McDonnell, S. McCabe, K. M. Pierce
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of different cow genotypes and supplement crude protein concentration on milk production, finding that genotypes had a significant impact while the supplement CP concentration did not. Providing low CP concentration had no negative influence on milk production during the main grazing season, potentially offsetting any negative effects with increased pasture dry matter intake.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Antonino Di Grigoli, Marialetizia Ponte, Adriana Bonanno, Giuseppe Maniaci, Marco Alabiso
Summary: Cheeses produced from grazing animals have a higher quality due to their chemical composition and fatty acid profile, especially in cheeses produced in the spring. These cheeses have higher levels of beneficial fatty acids, such as alpha-linolenic, trans-vaccenic, rumenic, docosapentaenoic (DPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids. The higher intake of grazed forage by cows in the spring leads to a more suitable fatty acid composition in the cheeses, reflected in nutritional indexes. These findings confirm the benefits of grazing for the production of healthier cheeses for consumers.
Article
Reproductive Biology
Ill-Hwa Kim, Jae-Kwan Jeong, Hyun-Gu Kang
Summary: This study aims to identify the factors influencing reproductive outcomes in lactating dairy cows. Factors such as nutrition, health, timing of artificial insemination, and weather were found to affect the probability of pregnancy. High body condition score and appropriate timing of artificial insemination increase the likelihood of pregnancy. Heat stress, pre- or postpartum disorders, and longer time to first artificial insemination have a negative impact on pregnancy outcomes.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
James E. Sprinkle, Joseph K. Sagers, John B. Hall, Melinda J. Ellison, Joel Yelich, Jameson R. Brennan, Joshua B. Taylor, James B. Lamb
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of protein supplementation on grazing behavior, finding that cattle without protein supplements exhibited more restlessness in continuously grazed pastures, while supplemented cattle had an increased harvest rate of dormant forage.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Rhaiza A. Oliveira, Joao M. B. Vendramini, Marcelo Vedovatto, Elizabeth Palmer, Hiran M. da Silva, Jose N. M. Neiva, Fabricia R. C. Miotto, Philipe Moriel
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of supplemental monensin on growth, physiology, and coccidiosis infestation in suckling beef calves grazing on different pastures. The results showed that supplementing monensin did not affect calf average daily gain, but improved growth performance and reduced coccidiosis infestation.
TROPICAL ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Daniel Augusto Barreta, Danielli dos Santos Comassetto, Francieli Piran, Lynn E. Sollenberger, Andre F. Sbrissia
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of warm-season pasture management on the subsequent cool-season pasture. The research found that grazing at a lower height during the warm season increased forage accumulation in the cool season, while grazing at a higher height increased species diversity and functional diversity in the cool season. This study provides important insights into the long-term effects of warm-season pasture management on cool-season pasture diversity and productivity.
AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
Yuwen Zhang, Zechen Peng, Shenghua Chang, Zhaofeng Wang, Duocai Li, Yufeng An, Fujiang Hou, Jizhou Ren
Summary: Grazing management and climate have significant effects on soil nutrient accumulation. Livestock activities influence plant growth and soil nutrients. Long-term grazing increases soil nitrogen and phosphorus content, while different grazing time and gradients affect the accumulation and migration of different elements.
Article
Parasitology
C. Constancis, C. Chartier, M. Leligois, N. Brisseau, N. Bareille, C. Strube, N. Ravinet
Summary: The rearing system of dairy calves with nurse cows in organic farms in western France has shown to be effective in minimizing gastrointestinal and lungworm infections. This system allows cow-calf contact until the natural weaning age and promotes a mixed grazing season, resulting in low infection levels and minimal coughing episodes.
VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
R. Menci, A. Natalello, G. Luciano, A. Priolo, B. Valenti, A. Difalco, T. Rapisarda, M. Caccamo, I Constant, V Niderkorn, M. Coppa
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of different grazing seasons in the Mediterranean on cow cheese quality. Results showed that dietary tannin supplementation may affect milk and cheese parameters, especially more pronounced during the dry season.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Martin G. Maquivar, Sarah M. Smith, Jan R. Busboom
Summary: Proper pre-breeding management of rams and their ram lambs is crucial for sustainable and profitable farms. Understanding the diverse aspects of reproductive management and selection criteria for males is essential for maximizing the reproductive potential of sheep. It is important to implement integrative management practices, including genetic testing and health assessments, to select the best rams for breeding season and achieve economic efficiency and sustainability goals.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
C. Holohan, T. Russell, F. J. Mulligan, K. M. Pierce, M. B. Lynch
Summary: Zero-grazing is increasingly used in Irish dairy farming, with farmers seeing it as a way to overcome land fragmentation, increase grass utilization, and extend feeding seasons. However, the additional costs and time input associated with zero-grazing are recognized as key challenges by farmers.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
B. C. Xue, J. X. Zhang, Z. S. Wang, L. Z. Wang, Q. H. Peng, L. C. Da, S. K. Bao, X. Y. Kong, B. Xue
Summary: Supplementary feeding, whether with energy or protein, significantly promotes the growth of grazing yak heifers during the warm season, with energy supplementation showing superior effects. The supplementation alters serum metabolite levels, increasing glucose energy-supply efficiency and intensifying lipid and protein metabolism. HLB supplementation is more efficient in promoting glucose and protein anabolism in yaks compared to RSM supplementation, with lesser effects on lipid metabolism.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shujun Dong, Su Zhang, Tong Li, Yun Zou, Jie Cheng, Peilong Wang
Summary: Animal derived foods serve as the main route of human exposure to polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), and it is important to understand how PCN emission sources affect surrounding animal farms. This study investigated PCN levels in various samples collected from dairy farms near an iron smelting plant in China, finding that milk samples had higher PCN concentrations compared to other specimens. The study suggests that consuming milk from this region may lead to relatively higher human exposure risk to PCNs.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sokratis Stergiadis, Nanbing Qin, Gergely Faludi, Stephane Beauclercq, Joe Pitt, Natasa Desnica, asta H. Petursdottir, Eric E. Newton, Angelos E. Angelidis, Ian Givens, David J. Humphries, Helga Gunnlaugsdottir, Darren T. Juniper
Summary: This study compared the milk quality differences between conventional and organic dairy farms in different grazing systems, finding that milk from high-pasture organic farms had lower fat and protein content, while milk from low-pasture organic farms had higher quality, mainly influenced by grazing, feed intake, and non-Holstein breeds. From a mineral perspective, non-Holstein breeds, feeding practices, and grazing activity were also influencing factors.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Gitesh Saini, Sandeep Kumar, Anand Kumar Pandey, Harender Singh, Meenakshi Virmani
Summary: This study aimed to assess the impact of simultaneous administration of GnRH and PGF-2 alpha 7 days prior to Ovsynch in Hariana cows. Results showed that the administration of GnRH and PGF-2 alpha prior to Ovsynch increased pregnancy outcomes, ovulation rate, and the number of cows showing complete luteolysis. Therefore, simultaneous administration of GnRH and PGF-2 alpha can improve conception rate in Hariana cows.
TROPICAL ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ligia Cavani, Michael B. Poindexter, Corwin D. Nelson, Jose E. P. Santos, Francisco Penagaricano
Summary: The study examined the genetic basis of postpartum blood Ca concentration in Holstein cows through genomic analysis, identifying major gene regions and pathways affecting Ca concentration. Genomic predictions showed correlations for phenotypic and genomic estimated breeding values, contributing to potential strategies for reducing periparturient hypocalcemia in dairy cattle.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hugo F. Monteiro, Ziyao Zhou, Marilia S. Gomes, Phillip M. G. Peixoto, Erika C. R. Bonsaglia, Igor F. Canisso, Bart C. Weimer, Fabio S. Lima
Summary: The rumen and lower gut microbiomes in dairy cows show temporal stability throughout lactation, with feed intake levels playing a significant role in shaping microbiome diversity. The lower gut microbiome may be more correlated with milk production traits than previously expected.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carl Basbas, Adriana Garzon, Noelia Silva-del-Rio, Barbara A. Byrne, Betsy Karle, Sharif S. Aly, John D. Champagne, Deniece R. Williams, Fabio S. Lima, Vinicius S. Machado, Richard Pereira
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate factors influencing recovery and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in intrauterine E. coli in post-partum dairy cows with and without metritis. The findings revealed that cows diagnosed with metritis had a higher chance of E. coli recovery, and an increase in days in milk was associated with a decrease in E. coli recovery. All intrauterine E. coli isolates were resistant to ampicillin, with relatively low resistance observed for ceftiofur. However, certain farms showed higher resistance to chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Phillip M. G. Peixoto, Lais L. Cunha, Leonardo Barbosa, Wilson Coelho, Giorgia Podico, Rodrigo C. Bicalho, Igor F. Canisso, Fabio S. Lima
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of recombinant bovine interleukin-8 (rbIL-8) in improving neutrophil function and reducing high somatic cell count (SCC) in cows. The results showed that intramammary infusion of rbIL-8 did not significantly improve neutrophil response or resolve high SCC.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
I. J. Lean, S. J. LeBlanc, D. B. Sheedy, T. Duffield, J. E. P. Santos, H. M. Golder
Summary: Data from three countries were analyzed to evaluate the association between parity and disease in Holstein cows. The study found that higher parity was associated with increased disease risk and changes in metabolite concentrations.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
M. B. Poindexter, R. Zimpel, A. Vieira-Neto, A. Husnain, A. C. M. Silva, A. Faccenda, A. Sanches de Avila, P. Celi, C. Cortinhas, J. E. P. Santos, C. D. Nelson
Summary: The objectives of this experiment were to determine the effects of supplementing 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 compared with vitamin D3 at 1 or 3 mg/d in late gestation on production outcomes of dairy cows. The results showed that feeding 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 increased colostrum and milk yield compared to vitamin D3. The effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 on milk yield may be related to serum calcium concentrations.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
I. J. Lean, H. M. Golder, S. J. LeBlanc, T. Duffield, J. E. P. Santos
Summary: In this retrospective meta-analysis, individual cow data was used to assess the associations between parity, level of production, and pasture-based or intensively fed systems with fertility. The study found that parity and milk production measures had significant effects on reproductive outcomes. Differences in production systems also influenced reproductive measures.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Z. B. Turner, F. S. Lima, A. J. Conley, B. R. McNabb, J. D. Rowe, A. Garzon, T. M. Urbano, C. M. Morris, R. V. Pereira
Summary: The most frequent definition for cystic ovarian disease in cattle is an abnormally persistent follicle (>7 to 10 d) with a diameter >25 mm. Discriminating between luteal and follicular ovarian cystic structures has traditionally been done by measuring the rim width of luteal tissue. The most common practice for diagnosing cystic ovarian disease is rectal palpation with or without the use of a B-mode ultrasound.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
U. Arshad, A. Husnain, M. B. Poindexter, R. Zimpel, M. C. Perdomo, J. E. P. Santos
Summary: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of increasing supplementation of rumen-protected choline (RPC) on hepatic metabolism in cows. The results showed that supplementation of RPC reduced hepatic triacylglycerol and increased glycogen content. Additionally, RPC supplementation had an impact on serum haptoglobin levels, but did not affect the concentrations of fatty acids, BHB, glucose, triacylglycerol, and total cholesterol in the blood.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Ali Husnain, Usman Arshad, Roney Zimpel, Eduardo Schmitt, Mackenzie J. Dickson, Milerky C. Perdomo, Mariana N. Marinho, Nadia Ashrafi, Stewart F. Graham, Jeanette Bishop, Thomas R. Hansen, Kwang C. Jeong, Angela M. Gonella-Diaza, Ricardo C. Chebel, I. Martin Sheldon, John J. Bromfield, Jose E. P. Santos
Summary: Endometrial inflammation in cows is associated with reduced pregnancy rates and increased pregnancy loss. Induced endometritis alters histotroph composition and induces inflammatory signatures on conceptus, compromising their development. Bacterial-induced endometritis impairs conceptus development by altering histotroph composition and conceptus gene expression in dairy cattle.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
T. C. Marques, C. F. A. Lage, D. R. Bruno, E. D. Fausak, M. I. Endres, F. C. Ferreira, F. S. Lima
Summary: The adoption of Automatic Milking System (AMS) in the United States is increasing due to factors such as lower availability and increased cost of labor. The new generation of farmers is also showing more interest in precision dairy farming. Most of the research on non-pasture-based AMS is conducted in Europe, with variations in the breeds of cows, brands of AMS used, and traffic flow. The main research topics focus on milk production, milk composition, AMS efficiency, as well as behavior and welfare, health disorders, and nutrition. In the United States, the trends are similar to Europe, except for nutrition. Future research should focus on reproductive management, other health disorders, economics, and water and energy consumption optimization.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
S. Casaro, J. G. Prim, T. D. Gonzalez, C. C. Figueiredo, R. S. Bisinotto, R. C. Chebel, J. E. P. Santos, C. D. Nelson, S. J. Jeon, R. C. Bicalho, J. P. Driver, K. N. Galvao
Summary: The objective of this study was to identify metabolites associated with metritis and investigate the cellular mechanisms affected during the transition into lactation. The results showed significant changes in metabolism, lipolysis, cell death, oxidative stress, and immune activation in cows with metritis, indicating a predisposition to metritis development.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eduardo B. de Oliveira, Hugo F. Monteiro, Jessica M. V. Pereira, Deniece R. Williams, Richard V. Pereira, Noelia Silva Del Rio, Paulo R. Menta, Vinicius S. Machado, Fabio S. Lima, Bruno Stefanon
Summary: The objective of this study was to identify potential biomarkers for predicting the development and cure of metritis in dairy cows by analyzing the metabolome of vaginal discharge. The study found that metritis was associated with changes in the uterine metabolome, and metabolome analysis of vaginal discharge could be an important tool for understanding postpartum vaginal discharge changes and the dynamics of metritis development and cures.
Article
Microbiology
Carl Basbas, Adriana Garzon, Cory Schlesener, Machteld van Heule, Rodrigo Profeta, Bart C. Weimer, Noelia Silva-del-Rio, Barbara A. Byrne, Betsy Karle, Sharif S. Aly, Fabio S. Lima, Richard V. Pereira
Summary: This study assessed the microbial ecology and diversity in the uterus of post-partum dairy cows with and without metritis using shotgun metagenomics. The results showed that cows without metritis had increased alpha-diversity and decreased beta-diversity compared to cows with metritis. Bacteroides, Porphyromonas, and Fusobacterium were found to be more abundant in cows with metritis compared to cows without metritis.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mariana Nehme Marinho, Jose E. P. Santos
Summary: This study evaluated the associations between residual dry matter intake or residual feed intake and plasma metabolite concentrations in early lactation and reproduction in Holstein cows. The findings suggest that improving feed efficiency is associated with decreased dry matter intake, prolonged days open, and improved reproductive performance.
FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)