Article
Microbiology
Sara Sila, Marko Jelic, Ivana Trivic, Arjana Tambic Andrasevic, Sanja Kolacek, Iva Hojsak
Summary: This study investigated the changes in the intestinal microbiota of children with Crohn's disease (CD) before, during, and after exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN). Stool samples were collected at different time points and a molecular approach was used for analysis. The study found that the microbiota composition changed significantly after two months of EEN discontinuation and remained mostly unchanged over a year of follow-up.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yao Lv, Yue Lou, Ana Liu, Qi Cheng, Gan Yang, Cuifang Xu, Youyou Luo, Jingan Lou, Jindan Yu, Youhong Fang, Hong Zhao, Kerong Peng, Yan Ni, Jie Chen
Summary: Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) treatment can improve gut microbiome and bile acid (BA) metabolism of patients with Crohn's disease (CD). The study involved 27 newly diagnosed pediatric CD patients and 27 healthy controls. The findings suggest that EEN treatment can restore GM structure and secondary BA metabolism, and the abundance of Firmicutes bacteria and the balance of primary and secondary BAs are associated with CD severity and mucosal inflammation.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Antonella Diamanti, Giacomo Calvitti, Diego Martinelli, Emma Santariga, Teresa Capriati, Giulia Bolasco, Lorenzo Iughetti, Arturo Pujia, Daniela Knafelz, Giuseppe Maggiore
Summary: Intestinal failure (IF) results from a reduction in gut mass, leading to inadequate digestion and absorption. Most cases are caused by intrinsic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, while a few arise from other sources. Improved diagnostic and therapeutic tools have increased prevalence and life expectancy of IF, expanding knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Federica Canzan, Arianna Caliaro, Maria Luisa Cavada, Elisabetta Mezzalira, Salvatore Paiella, Elisa Ambrosi
Summary: The effectiveness of early postoperative feeding in reducing the duration of postoperative ileus after gastrointestinal surgery is still debated.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Liyuan Xiang, Yan Yu, Xiao Ding, Hui Zhang, Quan Wen, Bota Cui, Faming Zhang
Summary: In patients with Crohn's disease (CD) complicated with malnutrition, this study found that exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) combined with immediate washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) intervention could rapidly improve the nutritional status and induce clinical remission.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Wen Xu, Ming Zhong, Tingting Pan, Hongping Qu, Erzhen Chen
Summary: This study found that gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid levels are associated with enteral nutrition tolerance in critically ill patients. On the first day of enteral nutrition initiation, the tolerance group had higher microbiota diversity and operational taxonomic units than the intolerance group. On the third day, the genus Escherichia-Shigella was significantly elevated in the tolerance group. The levels of short-chain fatty acids decreased more significantly in the intolerance group.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hannes Hoelz, Jeannine Heetmeyer, Anastasia Tsakmaklis, Andreas Hiergeist, Kolja Siebert, Federica De Zen, Deborah Haecker, Amira Metwaly, Klaus Neuhaus, Andre Gessner, Maria J. G. T. Vehreschild, Dirk Haller, Tobias Schwerd
Summary: Background: Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is effective for pediatric Crohn's disease (CD) but relapse rates are high after return to regular diet. This study explored the use of autologous fecal microbiota transfer (FMT) for maintaining the benefits of EEN. Methods: Fecal material from pediatric CD patients was turned into FMT capsules, with microbial composition analyzed before and after processing. Results: FMT capsules were successfully generated in most deliveries, but there was variability in stool weight and consistency. Microbial composition was not significantly altered by processing, but samples often had low microbial richness and positive results for potential pathogens or drug resistance genes. Conclusions: Autologous capsule-FMT may not be suitable for maintenance therapy in pediatric CD patients due to high pathogen burden, low microbial diversity, and practical limitations of EEN-conditioned fecal material.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yangyang Guo, Ming Xu, Guangzhi Shi, Jindong Zhang
Summary: This study aims to investigate the impact of EN on the gut microbiota of ICU patients, monitor dynamic changes in the microbiota, and identify microbial markers for predicting EN intolerance.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hiroshi Matsuoka, Takumi Tochio, Ayako Watanabe, Kohei Funasaka, Yoshiki Hirooka, Tenagy Hartanto, Yuka Togashi, Misa Saito, Yuichiro Nishimoto, Yoshinori Mizuguchi, Masanobu Kumon, Chieko Sakuragi, Kouichi Suda, Yuichi Hirose, Isao Morita
Summary: Enteral nutrition causes dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota and an imbalance in some intestinal metabolites in patients in a persistent vegetative state, and intervention with probiotics does not improve dysbiosis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sara Sila, Marko Jelic, Ivana Trivic, Arjana Tambic Andrasevic, Sanja Kolacek, Iva Hojsak
Summary: The study found that EEN treatment has a significant impact on the microbiota composition of healthy children and children with CD, with differences in the timing of effectiveness. Changes in microbiota composition occur more rapidly in healthy children, whereas children with CD show significant changes at the end of EEN treatment.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jiawei Zhang, Jiaxin Deng, Juan Li, Yuping Su, Jiancong Hu, Dezheng Lin, Mingli Su, Yongcheng Chen, Sen Liao, Xuhao Bai, Miwei Lv, Tian Xu, Qinghua Zhong, Xuefeng Guo
Summary: This study reveals that the changes in the composition of intestinal flora in elderly COVID-19 patients receiving different nutritional support strategies are associated with different clinical outcomes. The abundance of Enterococcus_faecium in elderly COVID-19 patients receiving PN is significantly increased and closely related to poor clinical outcomes. It highlights the potential of microbiome-centric interventions to mitigate and manage COVID-19 in older adults with different nutritional support options.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jun-Kwon Cha, Hyung-Sook Kim, Eun-Ji Kim, Eun-Sook Lee, Jae-Ho Lee, In-Ae Song
Summary: The initial nutritional delivery policy and route of nutrition delivery may have an impact on the clinical outcomes of patients with sepsis. Higher protein intake during the first week of sepsis onset is associated with lower in-hospital mortality, while higher energy intake is associated with lower 30-day mortality. Additionally, in patients with a high modified nutrition risk in the critically ill score, enteral feeding with supplemental parenteral nutrition is superior to other routes of nutrition delivery and is associated with lower mortality.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jingjing Jiang, Lu Chen, Yanfang Chen, Hong Chen
Summary: The study found that exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) can alleviate the condition and improve the nutrition of patients with active Crohn's disease (CD) by regulating the intestinal flora and influencing the expression level of fecal short-chain fatty acids.
BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Johanna Rohrhofer, Benjamin Zwirzitz, Evelyne Selberherr, Eva Untersmayr
Summary: The large surfaces of gastrointestinal organs are adapted to their tasks of nutritional uptake and defense, with immune cells within the mucosa regulating a balance to prevent inflammation. An increase in GI disorders in Western societies is linked to dietary changes and gut microbiome imbalance, leading to chronic inflammation. Understanding the mechanisms of immuno-nutrition and the impact of dietary compounds on gut immune homeostasis is essential for disease prevention and treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xuejin Gao, Yupeng Zhang, Li Zhang, Sitong Liu, Hao Liu, Da Zhou, Jieshou Li, Xinying Wang
Summary: The study showed that home enteral nutrition has a significant positive impact on nutritional status, body composition, and quality of life in patients with intestinal failure. It can help maintain or increase nutritional parameters, with advanced age, disease type, and poor nutritional status being risk factors for poor clinical outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
