Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zicheng Shen, Feng Zhao, Chunqi Jin, Shuai Wang, Liangcai Cao, Yuanmu Yang
Summary: We demonstrate a compact monocular camera equipped with a single-layer metalens that can capture a 4D image, including 2D all-in-focus intensity, depth, and polarization of a target scene in a single shot under ambient illumination conditions. The metalens is optimized to have a conjugate pair of polarization-decoupled rotating single-helix point-spread functions that are strongly dependent on the depth of the target object. Combined with a straightforward, physically interpretable image retrieval algorithm, the camera can simultaneously perform high-accuracy depth sensing and high-fidelity polarization imaging over an extended depth of field for both static and dynamic scenes in both indoor and outdoor environments.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Fuduo Xue, Bashar Elnashef, Weiqi Jin, Sagi Filin
Summary: In this paper, we propose an accurate pixel-level plant leaf normal estimation model using a single polarization image. Our model considers a mixture of diffuse and specular reflections and accurately describes the reflection process. We also introduce a new strategy to disambiguate the normal solution and derive a coarse normal map directly from the image data using a convolutional neural network. Experimental results show that our model achieves high-quality surface normal data.
ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Optics
Pingli Han, Yudong Cai, Fei Liu, Xuan Li, Rongguang Liang, Mingyu Yan, Xiaopeng Shao
Summary: This paper proposes a monocular 3D polarization imaging approach that can recover shape information of non-Lambertian surfaces by investigating the difference between specular and diffuse reflection and separating them using independent component analysis. The method eliminates azimuth ambiguity and demonstrates good performance in controlled and natural lighting conditions.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Biology
Philip R. L. Parker, Elliott T. T. Abe, Natalie T. Beatie, Emmalyn S. P. Leonard, Dylan M. Martins, Shelby L. Sharp, David G. Wyrick, Luca Mazzucato, Cristopher M. Niell
Summary: In natural contexts, the connection between sensory processing and motor output is evident, as many brain areas contain both sensory and movement signals. This study investigates distance estimation in mice during a naturalistic task, finding that mice use vision to accurately jump across a variable gap, even without relying solely on binocular disparity and stereo vision. Monocular conditions lead to changes in head positioning and more vertical head movements, indicating a shift in reliance on different visual cues. Additionally, optogenetic suppression of the primary visual cortex impairs task performance, highlighting the importance of the visual cortex in distance judgment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriela Krejcova, Cecilia Morgantini, Helena Zemanova, Volker M. Lauschke, Julie Kovarova, Jiri Kubasek, Pavla Nedbalova, Nick Kamps-Hughes, Martin Moos, Myriam Aouadi, Tomas Dolezal, Adam Bajgar
Summary: The immune response and systemic metabolic changes are closely connected. The production of ImpL2/IGFBP7 by macrophages plays a critical role in regulating insulin signaling and mobilizing lipoproteins. This mechanism is conserved in both Drosophila and mammals.
Article
Entomology
Ruth Coya, Fernando Martin, Laura Calvin-Cejudo, Carolina Gomez-Diaz, Esther Alcorta
Summary: The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has been used as a model organism to study the olfactory system of insects. Optogenetics, a genetic tool, allows for the immediate alteration of cell functioning with light. This study explores a dual excitation model, where the subject responds to odors while the olfactory receptor neurons are activated by light. The results show reduced sensitivity in the flies' response to odor with light activation.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Saeed Arabi, Anuj Sharma, Michelle Reyes, Cara Hamann, Corinne Peek-Asa
Summary: This paper presents a comprehensive solution for distance estimation of a following vehicle based solely on visual data from a low-resolution monocular camera. The study used real-time kinematic GPS and custom devices to record video footage of the following vehicle. Vehicle detection was conducted using deep learning methods, and three main methods for distance estimation were compared. The output of this study can contribute to reducing rear-end collisions and understanding driver following behavior.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adalena Nanni, Natalie Martinez, Rita Graze, Alison Morse, Jeremy R. B. Newman, Vaibhav Jain, Srna Vlaho, Sarah Signor, Sergey Nuzhdin, Rolf Renne, Lauren M. McIntyre
Summary: In Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans head tissue, a significant proportion of orthologous genes exhibit sex-biased expression, with similar expression directions conserved between the two species. The enrichment of specific chromatin marks, such as H3K4me3 and H3K27me2me3, is associated with sex-biased expression in both males and females. However, the presence of H3K27me2me3 reduces the correlation between sex-bias ratios in male-biased orthologs.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yongtao Liu, Rama K. K. Vasudevan, Kyle P. Kelley, Hiroshi Funakubo, Maxim Ziatdinov, Sergei V. V. Kalinin
Summary: We developed automated experiment workflows for identifying the best predictive channel in spectroscopic measurements. The approach combines ensembled deep kernel learning for probabilistic predictions and reinforcement learning for channel selection. The implementation in multimodal imaging of piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) showed that the amplitude is the best predictive channel for polarization-voltage and frequency-voltage hysteresis loop areas. This workflow and code can be applied to other multimodal imaging and local characterization methods.
NPJ COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Sven Dorkenwald, Claire E. McKellar, Thomas Macrina, Nico Kemnitz, Kisuk Lee, Ran Lu, Jingpeng Wu, Sergiy Popovych, Eric Mitchell, Barak Nehoran, Zhen Jia, J. Alexander Bae, Shang Mu, Dodam Ih, Manuel Castro, Oluwaseun Ogedengbe, Akhilesh Halageri, Kai Kuehner, Amy R. Sterling, Zoe Ashwood, Jonathan Zung, Derrick Brittain, Forrest Collman, Casey Schneider-Mizell, Chris Jordan, William Silversmith, Christa Baker, David Deutsch, Lucas Encarnacion-Rivera, Sandeep Kumar, Austin Burke, Doug Bland, Jay Gager, James Hebditch, Selden Koolman, Merlin Moore, Sarah Morejohn, Ben Silverman, Kyle Willie, Ryan Willie, Szi-chieh Yu, Mala Murthy, H. Sebastian Seung
Summary: FlyWire is an online community and platform for proofreading connectome data of the Drosophila brain, using interactive segmentation technology and collaborative editing to distribute proofreading work globally. By utilizing an open community, it accelerates proofreading by recruiting more participants and promotes scientific discovery through information sharing.
Article
Physics, Applied
Tianshu Jiang, Fan Ni, Oscar Recalde-Benitez, Patrick Breckner, Leopoldo Molina-Luna, Fangping Zhuo, Juergen Roedel
Summary: Electro-mechanical interactions between topological defects and domain walls play a key role in the macroscopic response of ferroelectrics. In this study, we observed dislocation-mediated domain nucleation and domain-wall pinning by dislocations in BaTiO3, shedding light on the control of defects and potential applications in nanoelectronics and bulk materials.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Caihong Han, Qionglin Peng, Mengshi Sun, Xinyu Jiang, Xiangbin Su, Jiangtao Chen, Mingze Ma, Huan Zhu, Xiaoxiao Ji, Yufeng Pan
Summary: Most animal species exhibit dimorphic sexual behaviors, with males showing higher levels of aggression. Current models have focused on the male-specific product of the fruitless gene, fruM, which controls male courtship and male-specific aggression patterns in fruit flies and describes a male-specific mechanism underlying sexually dimorphic behaviors. This study demonstrates that the doublesex gene (dsx), which produces male-specific DsxM and female-specific DsxF transcription factors, also plays a role in the nervous system to control both male and female sexual and aggressive behaviors.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Chang Liu, Jie Wang, Xiaoning Jiang
Summary: The flexoelectric effects in ferroelectric materials have potential applications in microscale mechanical-electrical devices, but quantifying flexoelectric coefficients remains a challenge. An indirect method proposed in this study determines flexoelectric coefficients with reasonably high accuracy by measuring the skew of the hysteresis curve. Phase-field simulations confirm that this skew is solely induced by the flexoelectric effect and is linearly proportional to the flexoelectric coefficient.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nirag Kadakia, Mahmut Demir, Brenden T. Michaelis, Brian D. DeAngelis, Matthew A. Reidenbach, Damon A. Clark, Thierry Emonet
Summary: Insects, such as fruit flies, navigate in odor plumes using the wind direction as a cue. However, recent research shows that fruit flies also use the direction of odor motion as an additional navigational cue, which they detect using temporal correlations in the odor signal between their two antennae. This finding suggests that odor-direction sensing may be a widespread phenomenon in the animal kingdom and could improve olfactory robot navigation in uncertain environments.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dick R. Nassel, Shun-Fan Wu
Summary: Neuropeptides are diverse messenger molecules involved in regulating daily physiology and behaviors in metazoans. CCK/SK signaling plays important roles in satiety, feeding, gustatory sensitivity, locomotor activity, aggression, and reproductive behavior in both mammals and invertebrates, although the underlying mechanisms may differ.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biology
James E. Fitzgerald, Damon A. Clark
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mathias F. Wernet, Mariel M. Velez, Damon A. Clark, Franziska Baumann-Klausener, Julian R. Brown, Martha Klovstad, Thomas Labhart, Thomas R. Clandinin
Article
Neurosciences
Nikhil Srivastava, Damon A. Clark, Aravinthan D. T. Samuel
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2009)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rudy Behnia, Damon A. Clark, Adam G. Carter, Thomas R. Clandinin, Claude Desplan
Article
Neurosciences
Tamas Szikra, Stuart Trenholm, Antonia Drinnenberg, Josephine Juettner, Zoltan Raics, Karl Farrow, Martin Biel, Gautam Awatramani, Damon A. Clark, Jose-Alain Sahel, Rava Azeredo da Silveira, Botond Roska
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2014)
Article
Neurosciences
Damon A. Clark, James E. Fitzgerald, Justin M. Ales, Daryl M. Gohl, Marion A. Silies, Anthony M. Norcia, Thomas R. Clandinin
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2014)
Article
Neurosciences
Damon A. Clark, Limor Bursztyn, Mark A. Horowitz, Mark J. Schnitzer, Thomas R. Clandinin
Review
Neurosciences
Damon A. Clark, Limor Freifeld, Thomas R. Clandininz
Article
Neurosciences
Limor Freifeld, Damon A. Clark, Mark J. Schnitzer, Mark A. Horowitz, Thomas R. Clandinin
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel T. Omura, Damon A. Clark, Aravinthan D. T. Samuel, H. Robert Horvitz
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Damon A. Clark, Raphael Benichou, Markus Meister, Rava Azeredo da Silveira
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Biology
Cynthia A. Chi, Damon A. Clark, Stella Lee, David Biron, Linjiao Luo, Christopher V. Gabel, Jeffrey Brown, Piali Sengupta, Aravinthan D. T. Samuel
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2007)
Article
Neurosciences
Christopher V. Gabel, Harrison Gabel, Dmitri Pavlichin, Albert Kao, Damon A. Clark, Aravinthan D. T. Samuel
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2007)
Article
Biology
Jeremie Korta, Damon A. Clark, Christopher V. Gabel, L. Mahadevan, Aravinthan D. T. Samuel
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2007)