Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria Ramos-Caceres, Itziar Lamiquiz-Moneo, Ana Cenarro, Pilar Calmarza, Victoria Marco-Benedi, Ana M. Bea, Rocio Mateo-Gallego, Jose Puzo, Jose M. Ordovas, Fernando Civeira, Martin Laclaustra
Summary: This study analyzes the relationship between triglycerides (TGs) and lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) concentrations. It found an inverse relationship between TG and Lp(a). Larger VLDL size, VLDLs enriched in apoE, and the apoE2/E2 genotype were associated with lower levels of Lp(a).
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Brynne E. Whitacre, Philip Howles, Scott Street, Jamie Morris, Debi Swertfeger, W. Sean Davidson
Summary: High levels of circulating triglycerides are associated with metabolic diseases. This study found that APOE on VLDL modulates LPL activity, which may be relevant to the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Federica Galimberti, Manuela Casula, Elena Olmastroni
Summary: The retention of apoB-containing lipoproteins in the subendothelial layer is crucial for the development of atherosclerotic processes. Recent evidence suggests that the number of atherogenic particles trapped in the arterial lumen, rather than their lipid content, plays a key role in this process. Hence, apoB level is proposed as a better indicator than LDL-cholesterol for assessing cardiovascular disease risk, particularly in specific patient subgroups. Routine measurement of both LDL-cholesterol and apoB is essential for estimating overall cardiovascular risk, evaluating residual risk, and monitoring therapeutic effectiveness.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Late Tokgozoglu, Peter Libby
Summary: Lipid risk factors for cardiovascular disease depend on both lifestyle and additional measures for optimum control. Recent genetic findings have identified novel targets for lipid-lowering therapy, providing new avenues for management. New treatments targeting triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and lipoprotein(a) have emerged and shown improved efficacy and tolerability. Gene-editing approaches are also being explored in lipid management.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alexia Rouland, David Masson, Laurent Lagrost, Bruno Verges, Thomas Gautier, Benjamin Bouillet
Summary: ApoC1 is a small apolipoprotein with significant roles in lipoprotein metabolism. It affects the metabolism of triglycerides and cholesterol and is involved in inflammation regulation. However, further studies are needed to fully understand its precise functions and its relationship with cardiometabolic diseases.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martin Rief, Reinhard Raggam, Peter Rief, Philipp Metnitz, Tatjana Stojakovic, Markus Reinthaler, Marianne Brodmann, Winfried Maerz, Hubert Scharnagl, Guenther Silbernagel, And Gunther Silbernagel
Summary: This study compared the lipofit and lipoprofile NMR methods and compared their measurements with clinical chemistry methods. The results showed that both NMR methods can reliably measure standard lipids, but harmonization efforts are needed to improve comparability of particle concentration data.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Barbara Fernandez-Cidon, Beatriz Candas-Estebanez, Miriam Gil-Serret, Nuria Amigo, Emili Corbella, M. Angeles Rodriguez-Sanchez, Ariadna Padro-Miquel, Carlos Brotons, Antonio Hernandez-Mijares, Pilar Calmarza, Estibaliz Jarauta, Angel J. Brea, Marta Mauri, Carlos Guijarro, Alex Vila, Pedro Valdivielso, Xavier Corbella, Xavier Pinto
Summary: This case-control study evaluated the predictive power of serum sdLDL-C and the physicochemical properties of serum lipoproteins in the context of PCVD. Results showed that beyond the conventional lipid profile, PCVD patients have other atherogenic lipoprotein alterations detected by magnetic resonance imaging analysis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iva Klobucar, Lucija Klobucar, Margarete Lechleitner, Matias Trbusic, Gudrun Pregartner, Andrea Berghold, Hansjoerg Habisch, Tobias Madl, Sasa Frank, Vesna Degoricija
Summary: This study found that the serum levels of endothelial lipase (EL) were associated with the serum levels and composition of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins, and these associations were different between metabolic syndrome (MS) patients and healthy volunteers (HVs). In MS patients, EL levels were negatively correlated with cholesterol levels in large very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles, as well as with total-cholesterol, free-cholesterol, triglyceride, and phospholipid contents of VLDL and intermediate-density lipoprotein particles. In HVs, EL levels were positively correlated with the serum levels of apoB, triglycerides, and phospholipids in large low-density lipoprotein particles. These findings suggest that EL levels are influenced by MS and may play a role in lipid metabolism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rebecca Grueneis, Hansi Weissensteiner, Claudia Lamina, Sebastian Schoenherr, Lukas Forer, Silvia Di Maio, Gertraud Streiter, Annette Peters, Christian Gieger, Florian Kronenberg, Stefan Coassin
Summary: This study investigated the effects of PNR10 and PNR11 alleles on Lp(a) concentrations, and found that their association with decreased Lp(a) is influenced by a linkage disequilibrium with the common splicing mutation KIV-2 4925G>A.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Federica Fogacci, Valentina Di Micoli, Ashot Avagimyan, Marina Giovannini, Egidio Imbalzano, Arrigo F. G. Cicero
Summary: This review aims to discuss the best strategy for utilizing molecular biology techniques to examine the genetic role of Lp(a) and its significance in clinical research and practice. The diversity in size of apo(a) is primarily caused by copy number variations in the KIV2 domains.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cheng-Chieh Hsu, Trevor P. Fidler, Jenny E. Kanter, Vishal Kothari, Farah Kramer, Jingjing Tang, Alan R. Tall, Karin E. Bornfeldt
Summary: Serumapolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) predicts cardiovascular events in type 1 diabetes and silencing APOC3 can prevent lesion formation and necrotic core expansion in a mouse model. Lipid-free APOC3 activates inflammasome pathway in monocytes. Hematopoietic inflammasome pathways, particularly AIM2 and NLRP3, contribute to atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes. Necrotic core expansion in diabetes is independent of macrophage pyroptosis.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nina Strandkjaer, Malene Kongsgaard Hansen, Sofie Taageby Nielsen, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Ann Tabor, Henning Bundgaard, Kasper Iversen, Pia R. Kamstrup
Summary: Lipoprotein(a) levels in cord blood can serve as a proxy for neonatal venous blood levels, and birth levels can predict future levels. Additionally, the correlation between neonatal and infant levels and parental levels is weak.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chih-Kuo Lee, Che-Wei Liao, Shih-Wei Meng, Wei-Kai Wu, Jiun-Yang Chiang, Ming-Shiang Wu
Summary: Despite advancements in pharmacotherapy and intervention devices, residual cardiovascular risks remain a significant burden on public health. Molecular modifications of lipid and lipoprotein components play a critical role in atherogenicity, with levels of certain lipids and proteins closely associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Therapies targeting these modifications are showing promising results in trials for reducing risks and enhancing cardiovascular health.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shruti Bhargava, Sofia De la Puente-Secades, Leon Schurgers, Joachim Jankowski
Summary: Lipids and lipoproteins play crucial roles in cardiovascular disease, regulating cholesterol concentration and affecting foam cell formation, plaque formation, inflammation, as well as oxidation and inflammatory protein regulation.
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David G. Thomas, Ying Wei, Alan R. Tall
Summary: The study assessed the pleiotropic effects of lipid trait genetic variants and conducted multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis in coronary artery disease. Results indicated that 30% of lipid trait genetic variants have effects on metabolic syndrome traits, yet the associations of LDL-C, HDL-C, TGs, BMI, T2D, and SBP with CAD remained independent and robust to adjustment for directional pleiotropy. MR at loci linked to direct effects on HDL-C and TGs suggested specific causal effects of these factors on CAD.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joel L. Ramirez, Greg J. Zahner, Kimberly A. Spaulding, Sukaynah A. Khetani, Nancy K. Hills, Warren J. Gasper, William S. Harris, Beth E. Cohen, S. Marlene Grenon
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Matti Marklund, Jason H. Y. Wu, Fumiaki Imamura, Liana C. Del Gobbo, Amanda Fretts, Janette de Goede, Peilin Shi, Nathan Tintle, Maria Wennberg, Stella Aslibekyan, Tzu-An Chen, Marcia C. de Oliveira Otto, Yoichiro Hirakawa, Helle Hojmark Eriksen, Janine Kroeger, Federica Laguzzi, Maria Lankinen, Rachel A. Murphy, Kiesha Prem, Cecilia Samieri, Jyrki Virtanen, Alexis C. Wood, Kerry Wong, Wei-Sin Yang, Xia Zhou, Ana Baylin, Jolanda M. A. Boer, Ingeborg A. Brouwer, Hannia Campos, Paulo H. M. Chaves, Kuo-Liong Chien, Ulf de Faire, Luc Djousse, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Naglaa El-Abbadi, Nita G. Forouhi, J. Michael Gaziano, Johanna M. Geleijnse, Bruna Gigante, Graham Giles, Eliseo Guallar, Vilmundur Gudnason, Tamara Harris, William S. Harris, Catherine Helmer, Mai-Lis Hellenius, Allison Hodge, Frank B. Hu, Paul F. Jacques, Jan-Hakan Jansson, Anya Kalsbeek, Kay-Tee Khaw, Woon-Puay Koh, Markku Laakso, Karin Leander, Hung-Ju Lin, Lars Lind, Robert Luben, Juhua Luo, Barbara McKnight, Jaakko Mursu, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Kim Overvad, Bruce M. Psaty, Eric Rimm, Matthias B. Schulze, David Siscovick, Michael Skjelbo Nielsen, Albert Smith, Brian T. Steffen, Lyn Steffen, Qi Sun, Johan Sundstrom, Michael Y. Tsai, Hugh Tunstall-Pedoe, Matti I. J. Uusitupa, Rob M. van Dam, Jenna Veenstra, W. M. Monique Verschuren, Nick Wareham, Walter Willett, Mark Woodward, Jian-Min Yuan, Renata Micha, Rozenn N. Lemaitre, Dariush Mozaffarian, Ulf Riserus
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
William S. Harris, David Leonard, Nina B. Radford, Carolyn E. Barlow, Morgan R. Steele, Stephen W. Farrell, Andjelka Pavlovic, Benjamin L. Willis, Laura F. DeFina
Summary: The study found that an increase in erythrocyte DHA levels was associated with a decrease in LDL-C levels, and initiating the use of fish oil supplements did not raise LDL-C levels.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Arash Asher, Nathan L. Tintle, Michael Myers, Laura Lockshon, Heribert Bacareza, William S. Harris
Summary: Long-chain Omega-3 fatty acids may play a role in reducing morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 infection, with a pilot study showing an inverse association between Omega-3 Index levels and death risk. However, more well-powered studies are needed to confirm this potential relationship.
PROSTAGLANDINS LEUKOTRIENES AND ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Stephen W. Farrell, Laura F. DeFina, Nathan L. Tintle, David Leonard, Kenneth H. Cooper, Carolyn E. Barlow, William L. Haskell, Andjelka Pavlovic, William S. Harris
Summary: Both this study and a meta-analysis of similar studies found no evidence to suggest that consuming n-3 PUFA-rich fish or using fish oil supplements affects the risk of prostate cancer.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michael McBurney, Nathan L. Tintle, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Aleix Sala-Vila, William S. Harris
Summary: The study compared a combination of red blood cell FA levels with standard risk factors for CVD and found that red blood cell FA patterns were as predictive of risk for death during the next 11 years as standard risk factors. This suggests that the FA fingerprint may serve as a potential predictor of all-cause mortality.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
William S. Harris, Nathan L. Tintle, Linda Cornish, Jennifer Lin
Summary: Higher omega-3 fatty acid blood levels are associated with lower risk for cardiovascular disease and total mortality. This study compared the omega-3 index (O3I) levels of people living on the coast with those living inland, and found that coastal residents had higher O3I levels. This suggests a correlation between seafood intake and omega-3 fatty acid levels, and increasing seafood consumption may help attain optimal omega-3 status.
NUTRITION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aleix Sala-Vila, Claudia L. Satizabal, Nathan Tintle, Debora Melo van Lent, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Alexa S. Beiser, Sudha Seshadri, William S. Harris
Summary: This study found a correlation between levels of DHA in red blood cells and the risk of Alzheimer's disease, with higher levels of DHA associated with a lower risk. The effect of DHA was more significant in APOE-ε4 carriers. These results highlight the potential of consuming sufficient DHA in the diet to prevent or delay Alzheimer's disease.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jan Philipp Schuchardt, Nathan Tintle, Jason Westra, William S. Harris
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the Omega-3 Index (O3I) in the UK population and found that fish consumption, particularly oily fish, is an important determinant of the O3I. The study also identified several demographic and lifestyle factors that are correlated with the O3I.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
William S. Harris, Nathan L. Tintle, Swaminathan Perinkulam Sathyanarayanan, Jason Westra
Summary: This study aimed to compare the risk of 3 COVID-19 outcomes (testing positive for SARS-CoV-2, hospitalization, and death) based on baseline plasma DHA levels. The results suggest that increasing the levels of n-3 PUFA in the blood, such as consuming oily fish or using n-3 FA supplements, may reduce the risk of adverse COVID-19 outcomes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Correction
Veterinary Sciences
William S. Harris, Kristina H. Jackson, Heather Carlson, Nils Hoem, Tonje E. Dominguez, Lena Burri
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
William S. S. Harris, Kristina H. H. Jackson, Heather Carlson, Nils Hoem, Tonje E. E. Dominguez, Lena Burri
Summary: This study analyzed blood samples from dogs and cats and developed equations to estimate the Omega-3 Index (O3I) in these species. This provides convenience for further research to determine optimal blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids in dogs and cats, which can be used to gauge the amount of supplemental EPA and DHA each animal needs to achieve an optimal O3I.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Todd L. Schmitt, Caroline E. C. Goertz, Roderick C. Hobbs, Steve Osborn, Stacy DiRocco, Heidi Bissell, William S. Harris
Summary: This study compared the fatty acid levels in different samples from wild Alaskan belugas and oceanaria-based belugas. The results show significant differences in fatty acid patterns between the two groups, with the oceanaria-based belugas having higher levels of certain fatty acids.
OCEANS-SWITZERLAND
(2022)
Letter
Food Science & Technology
William S. Harris, Philip C. Calder, Dariush Mozaffarian, Charles N. Serhan
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olga V. Demler, Yanyan Liu, Heike Luttmann-Gibson, Jeramie D. Watrous, Kim A. Lagerborg, Hesam Dashti, Franco Giulianini, Mallory Heath, Carlos A. Camargo, William S. Harris, Jay G. Wohlgemuth, Allen M. Andres, Saumya Tivari, Tao Long, Mahan Najhawan, Khoi Dao, James G. Prentice, Julia A. Larsen, Olivia I. Okereke, Karen H. Costenbader, Julie E. Buring, JoAnn E. Manson, Susan Cheng, Mohit Jain, Samia Mora