Review
Immunology
Rory Doolan, Namitha Putananickal, Lucienne Tritten, Tiffany Bouchery
Summary: Soil-transmitted helminths affect approximately 1.5 billion people worldwide, but no human vaccine is currently available. The current strategy for elimination relies on preventive chemotherapy. Traditional vaccine approaches focusing on peptide antigens have had limited success, and mucosal and cellular-based vaccines may be a better alternative in fighting against helminth infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Shannon Esher Righi, Amanda J. Harriett, Elizabeth A. Lilly, Paul L. Fidel Jr, Mairi C. Noverr
Summary: Immunization with low-virulence Candida species can protect against polymicrobial intra-abdominal infections by suppressing lethal inflammation, which is mediated by Gr-1(+) polymorphonuclear leukocytes with features resembling myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and the production of IL-10.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brock Kingstad-Bakke, Woojong Lee, Shaswath S. Chandrasekar, David J. Gasper, Cristhian Salas-Quinchucua, Thomas Cleven, Jeremy A. Sullivan, Adel Talaat, Jorge E. Osorio, M. Suresh
Summary: The study found that mucosal or parenteral immunization effectively controlled the virus and protected the lungs from damage with or without neutralizing antibodies. The protection provided by mucosal memory CD8 T cells was largely redundant in the presence of neutralizing antibodies, but unhelped mucosal memory CD8 T cells provided no protection against the homologous SARS-CoV-2 without CD4 T cells and neutralizing antibodies.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sabrina Helmold Hait, Christopher James Hogge, Mohammad Arif Rahman, Ruth Hunegnaw, Zuena Mushtaq, Tanya Hoang, Marjorie Robert-Guroff
Summary: T follicular helper (T-FH) cells play a crucial role in B cell affinity maturation in lymph nodes. Meanwhile, circulating CXCR5(+) CD4(+) T (cT(FH)) cells support memory B cell activation and broadly neutralizing antibodies in HIV controllers. This study investigated the contribution of LN SIV-specific T-FH and cT(FH) cells to Env-specific humoral immunity in female rhesus macaques under different vaccination and SIV challenge conditions, revealing the importance of T-FH responses in blood and secondary lymphoid organs for protective efficacy of HIV vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jingyun Yang, Wei Wang, Zimin Chen, Shuaiyao Lu, Fanli Yang, Zhenfei Bi, Linlin Bao, Fei Mo, Xue Li, Yong Huang, Weiqi Hong, Yun Yang, Yuan Zhao, Fei Ye, Sheng Lin, Wei Deng, Hua Chen, Hong Lei, Ziqi Zhang, Min Luo, Hong Gao, Yue Zheng, Yanqiu Gong, Xiaohua Jiang, Yanfeng Xu, Qi Lv, Dan Li, Manni Wang, Fengdi Li, Shunyi Wang, Guanpeng Wang, Pin Yu, Yajin Qu, Li Yang, Hongxin Deng, Aiping Tong, Jiong Li, Zhenling Wang, Jinliang Yang, Guobo Shen, Zhiwei Zhao, Yuhua Li, Jingwen Luo, Hongqi Liu, Wenhai Yu, Mengli Yang, Jingwen Xu, Junbin Wang, Haiyan Li, Haixuan Wang, Dexuan Kuang, Panpan Lin, Zhengtao Hu, Wei Guo, Wei Cheng, Yanlin He, Xiangrong Song, Chong Chen, Zhihong Xue, Shaohua Yao, Lu Chen, Xuelei Ma, Siyuan Chen, Maling Gou, Weijin Huang, Youchun Wang, Changfa Fan, Zhixin Tian, Ming Shi, Fu-Sheng Wang, Lunzhi Dai, Min Wu, Gen Li, Guangyu Wang, Yong Peng, Zhiyong Qian, Canhua Huang, Johnson Yiu-Nam Lau, Zhenglin Yang, Yuquan Wei, Xiaobo Cen, Xiaozhong Peng, Chuan Qin, Kang Zhang, Guangwen Lu, Xiawei Wei
Summary: A correction to this paper has been published.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Gopala Koneru, Gaber El-Saber Batiha, Abdelazeem M. Algammal, Mahmoud Mabrok, Sara Magdy, Shrouk Sayed, Mai E. AbuElmagd, Reham Elnemr, Mahmoud M. Saad, Noura H. Abd Ellah, Amal Hosni, Khalid Muhammad, Helal F. Hetta
Summary: Studies suggest that BCG may induce trained immunity to provide some protection against SARS-CoV-2. Repurposing the well-characterized BCG during the COVID-19 pandemic could offer some degree of protection to the population.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Viva J. Rase, Reid Hayward, James M. Haughian, Nicholas A. Pullen
Summary: Immunotherapies relying on type 1 immunity have shown limited effectiveness in solid breast tumors. This study investigated the role of type 3 immunity in breast cancer and found that IL-6 depletion combined with immunotherapy could improve outcomes by expanding T(h)17 cell populations and reducing T(h)22 cells and MDSC. This suggests that targeting IL-6 could be a potential strategy to overcome immunotherapy resistance in breast cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chuan Wang, Yingqi Jin, Jiewen Wang, Kang Zheng, Aihua Lei, Chunxue Lu, Shuzhi Wang, Yimou Wu
Summary: The study evaluated the protective immunity of pcDNA3.1(+)/CPSIT_p7 against C. psittaci infection in BALB/c mice. The results showed that pcDNA3.1(+)/CPSIT_p7 can induce strong humoral and cellular immune responses, reduce pulmonary pathological lesions, C. psittaci load in the lungs, and suppress its dissemination in mice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Antonella Scaglione, Silvana Opp, Alicia Hurtado, Ziyan Lin, Christine Pampeno, Maria G. Noval, Sara A. Thannickal, Kenneth A. Stapleford, Daniel Meruelo
Summary: This study introduces a novel and highly effective vaccine approach that provides long-term protective immunity by activating T cells. The vaccine shows strong immune protection against coronavirus infection in transgenic mice. The results suggest that this vaccine may be effective against challenging variants and could serve as a platform for developing a broader spectrum pancoronavirus vaccine.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xingzhe Ma, Liuling Xiao, Lintao Liu, Lingqun Ye, Pan Su, Enguang Bi, Qiang Wang, Maojie Yang, Jianfei Qian, Qing Yi
Summary: Understanding the mechanisms of how T cells become dysfunctional in a tumor microenvironment is crucial for cancer immunotherapy. This study found that CD36 expression in tumor-infiltrating CD8(+) T cells, induced by TME cholesterol, is associated with tumor progression and poor survival, and that genetic ablation of Cd36 in these T cells leads to enhanced tumor eradication. Targeting CD36 or inhibiting ferroptosis could restore T cell function and enhance antitumor efficacy, especially in combination with anti-PD-1 antibodies.
Article
Cell Biology
Saskia Meyer, Isaac Blaas, Ravi Chand Bollineni, Marina Delic-Sarac, Trung T. Tran, Cathrine Knetter, Ke-Zheng Dai, Torfinn Stove Madssen, John T. Vaage, Alice Gustavsen, Weiwen Yang, Lise Sofie Haug Nissen-Meyer, Karolos Douvlataniotis, Maarja Laos, Morten Milek Nielsen, Bernd Thiede, Arne Soraas, Fridtjof Lund-Johansen, Even H. Rustad, Johanna Olweus
Summary: Research shows that mutations in the coronavirus can lead to escape from neutralizing antibodies and loss of T cell epitopes. Previous studies on viral escape from T cell immunity have been hindered by uncertain estimates of epitope prevalence. This study maps and quantifies CD8 T cell responses to specific minimal epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 convalescent individuals. It finds that mutations in variants of concern (VOC) are present in some epitopes but does not provide evidence that the mutations are driven by escape from T cell immunity.
Article
Immunology
Amoolya Vusirikala, Simon Tonge, Ezra Linley, Abigail Bell, Ray Borrow, Shennae O'Boyle, Simon de Lusignan, Andre Charlett, Sooria Balasegaram, Gayatri Amirthalingam
Summary: The majority of the 2021 England population has basic diphtheria protection, with an increase in those having full protection compared to 2009. The improvement in immunity among working age adults is likely attributed to the school leaver booster introduced in 1994. However, clinicians should remain vigilant to severe diphtheria outcomes in older adults due to their observed susceptibility.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adam M. Weiss, Jainu Ajit, Tyler J. Albin, Neeraj Kapoor, Shilpa Maroju, Aym Berges, Lucy Pill, Jeff Fairman, Aaron P. Esser-Kahn
Summary: This study demonstrated the successful use of CFPS technology to produce large quantities of site-specific antigen-adjuvant conjugates for enhanced antigen presentation and T-cell production. Site-specific conjugation using copper-free click chemistry significantly improved the efficacy of the OVA-CpG conjugates both in vitro and in vivo, reducing the required CpG dose for T-cell production tenfold.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Tomotaka Okamura, Yuya Shimizu, Masamitsu N. Asaka, Tomohiro Kanuma, Yusuke Tsujimura, Takuya Yamamoto, Kazuhiro Matsuo, Yasuhiro Yasutomi
Summary: The study demonstrated that the SHIV-Ag85B vaccine induced strong immune responses in cynomolgus macaques, leading to the eradication of pathogenic SHIV. This suggests the potential development of a vaccine for AIDS virus infection.
Article
Immunology
Terry Ng, Valeria Flores-Malavet, Mishfak A. M. Mansoor, Andrea C. Arvelo, Kunal Dhume, Emily Prokop, K. Kai McKinstry, Tara M. Strutt
Summary: This study investigates the influence of pre-existing immunity on the generation and protective potential of heterosubtypic T cell responses against influenza A virus (IAV). The results show that higher levels of pre-existing immune serum reduce the nucleoprotein-specific T cell responses, which can prevent severe symptoms in infected recipients. Additionally, offspring of primed mothers who receive high titers of specific antibodies also fail to generate protective T cell immunity.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Megan A. O'Connor, Paul Munson, Hillary C. Tunggal, Nika Hajari, Thomas B. Lewis, Debra Bratt, Cassie Moats, Jeremy Smedley, Kenneth C. Bagley, James Mullins, Deborah H. Fuller
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
(2019)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yongjun Sui, George K. Lewis, Yichuan Wang, Kurt Berckmueller, Blake Frey, Amiran Dzutsev, Diego Vargas-Inchaustegui, Venkatramanan Mohanram, Thomas Musich, Xiaoying Shen, Anthony DeVico, Timothy Fouts, David Venzon, James Kirk, Robert C. Waters, James Talton, Dennis Klinman, John Clements, Georgia D. Tomaras, Genoveffa Franchini, Marjorie Robert-Guroff, Giorgio Trinchieri, Robert C. Gallo, Jay A. Berzofsky
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Claire Deleage, Taina T. Immonen, Christine M. Fennessey, Arnold Reynaldi, Carolyn Reid, Laura Newman, Leslie Lipkey, Timothy E. Schlub, Celine Camus, Sean O'Brien, Jeremy Smedley, Jessica M. Conway, Gregory Q. Del Prete, Miles P. Davenport, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Jacob D. Estes, Brandon F. Keele
Article
Immunology
Monica Vaccari, Slim Fourati, Dallas R. Brown, Isabela Silva de Castro, Massimiliano Bissa, Luca Schifanella, Melvin N. Doster, Kathryn E. Foulds, Mario Roederer, Richard A. Koup, Yongjun Sui, Jay A. Berzofsky, Rafick-Pierre Sekaly, Genoveffa Franchini
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2019)
Review
Immunology
Yongjun Sui, Jay A. Berzofsky
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Anca Dorhoi, Leigh A. Kotze, Jay A. Berzofsky, Yongjun Sui, Dmitry I. Gabrilovich, Ankita Garg, Richard Hafner, Shabaana A. Khader, Ulrich E. Schaible, Stefan H. E. Kaufmann, Gerhard Walz, Manfred B. Lutz, Robert N. Mahon, Suzanne Ostrand-Rosenberg, William Bishai, Nelita du Plessis
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bridget S. Fisher, Nicholas Dambrauskas, Olesya Trakhimets, Daniela V. Andrade, Jeremy Smedley, Donald L. Sodora, D. Noah Sather
Article
Virology
Thomas Musich, Vishal Thovarai, David J. Venzon, Venkatramanan Mohanram, Iskra Tuero, Leia K. Miller-Novak, Sabrina Helmold Hait, Mohammad Arif Rahman, Ruth Hunegnaw, Erin Huiting, Wuxing Yuan, Colm O'hUigin, Tanya Hoang, Yongjun Sui, Celia LaBranche, David Montefiori, Jenifer Bear, Margherita Rosati, Massimiliano Bissa, Jay A. Berzofsky, George N. Pavlakis, Barbara K. Felber, Genoveffa Franchini, Marjorie Robert-Guroff
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2020)
Review
Microbiology
Yongjun Sui, Yonas Bekele, Jay A. Berzofsky
Summary: Robust immune responses are crucial in combating COVID-19, with high levels of antibodies and Th1 responses being able to prevent viral transmission and disease progression. In addition to genetic and innate immune factors, trained immunity and local mucosal immunity also play a role in reducing infection risk and mitigating disease severity.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yongjun Sui, Jianping Li, Roushu Zhang, Sunaina Kiran Prabhu, Hanne Andersen, David Venzon, Anthony Cook, Renita Brown, Elyse Teow, Jason Velasco, Jack Greenhouse, Tammy Putman-Taylor, Tracey-Ann Campbell, Laurent Pessaint, Ian N. Moore, Laurel Lagenaur, Jim Talton, Matthew W. Breed, Josh Kramer, Kevin W. Bock, Mahnaz Minai, Bianca M. Nagata, Mark G. Lewis, Lai-Xi Wang, Jay A. Berzofsky
Summary: Comparing two adjuvanted subunit vaccines in rhesus macaques, the study found that both vaccines were effective in protecting against respiratory SARS-CoV-2 exposure, despite potential differences in mucosal and systemic protective mechanisms. The mucosal vaccine was shown to be safe after multiple doses, efficiently clearing the input virus from the nasal cavity, and may serve as a potent complementary boost to conventional systemic vaccines for overall better protection.
Article
Virology
Megan A. O'Connor, Paul V. Munson, Sandra E. Dross, Hillary C. Tunggal, Thomas B. Lewis, Jessica Osborn, Christopher W. Peterson, Meei-Li W. Huang, Cassandra Moats, Jeremy Smedley, Keith R. Jerome, Hans-Peter Kiem, Kenneth C. Bagley, James I. Mullins, Deborah Heydenburg Fuller
Summary: Selection of a pre-clinical non-human primate (NHP) model is crucial for evaluating therapeutic vaccine and treatment strategies for HIV. Differences in viral control during combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and gut dysregulation were observed in NHP AIDS models, suggesting that the choice of model may impact the evaluation of candidate therapeutic interventions for HIV treatment and cure strategies. Specifically, SHIV infection resulted in lower acute viremia and less disruption to gut CD4 T-cell homeostasis compared to highly pathogenic SIV Delta B670 infection.
Article
Microbiology
Afam A. Okoye, Remi Fromentin, Hiroshi Takata, Jessica H. Brehm, Yoshinori Fukazawa, Bryan Randall, Marion Pardons, Vincent Tai, Jun Tang, Jeremy Smedley, Michael Axthelm, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Louis J. Picker, David Favre, Lydie Trautmann, Nicolas Chomont
Summary: The study discusses a novel latency-reversing agent called GSK445A, which has shown promise in inducing HIV and SIV latency reversal in vitro, and has demonstrated a tolerable safety profile in nonhuman primates. This suggests potential for further evaluation of this PKC-agonist in strategies to cure HIV.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jeremy Smedley, Rachele M. Bochart, Miranda Fischer, Heidi Funderburgh, Vanessa Kelly, Hugh Crank, Kim Armantrout, Oriene Shiel, Mitchell Robertson-LeVay, Nikki Sternberger, Brian Schmaling, Sheila Roberts, Vicki Sekiguchi, Michael Reusz, Tiah Schwartz, Kimberly A. Meyer, Gabriela Webb, Roxanne M. Gilbride, Nicholas Dambrauskas, Daniela Andrade, Matthew Wood, Caralyn Labriola, Michael Axthelm, Nina Derby, Ben Varco-Merth, Yoshinori Fukazawa, Scott Hansen, Jonah B. Sacha, Donald L. Sodora, D. Noah Sather
Summary: In this study, the identification of lymph nodes using indocyanine green and near-infrared imaging techniques was successful, even in specific locations and obese macaques. This approach allows for the evaluation of immune changes within lymph nodes and enables targeted serial biopsies.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Seth D. Fortmann, Michael J. Patton, Blake F. Frey, Jennifer L. Tipper, Sivani B. Reddy, Cristiano P. Vieira, Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu, Sarah Sterrett, Jason L. Floyd, Ram Prasad, Jeremy D. Zucker, Andrew B. Crouse, Forest Huls, Rati Chkheidze, Peng Li, Nathaniel B. Erdmann, Kevin S. Harrod, Amit Gaggar, Paul A. Goepfert, Maria B. Grant, Matthew Might
Summary: Multiple lines of evidence suggest that the dysfunction of megakaryocytes is present in severe cases of COVID-19. This study characterized the peripheral circulating megakaryocytes in a large cohort of COVID-19 inpatients and found that megakaryocytes were increased in the bloodstream of COVID-19 patients. The presence of S100A8/A9 was identified as a marker for megakaryocyte dysfunction. It was also discovered that there was a subpopulation of S100A8/A9+ megakaryocytes containing SARS-CoV-2 proteins and RNA. These findings suggest the role of megakaryocytes in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 and their potential as a risk factor for mortality and organ injury.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yongjun Sui, Jianping Li, Hanne Andersen, Roushu Zhang, Sunaina K. Prabhu, Tanya Hoang, David Venzon, Anthony Cook, Renita Brown, Elyse Teow, Jason Velasco, Laurent Pessaint, Ian N. Moore, Laurel Lagenaur, Jim Talton, Matthew W. Breed, Josh Kramer, Kevin W. Bock, Mahnaz Minai, Bianca M. Nagata, Hyoyoung Choo-Wosoba, Mark G. Lewis, Lai-Xi Wang, Jay A. Berzofsky
Summary: The study shows that an intranasal booster vaccine containing the beta variant spike protein can generate protective immunity against beta variant infections, which is significant for future SARS-CoV-2 booster design and administration timing.