Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Omid Omrani, Anna Krepelova, Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Rasa, Dovydas Syrvinskas, Jing Lu, Francesco Annunziata, George Garside, Seerat Bajwa, Susanne Reinhardt, Lisa Adam, Sandra Kaeppel, Nadia Ducano, Daniela Donna, Alessandro Ori, Salvatore Oliviero, Karl Lenhard Rudolph, Francesco Neri
Summary: This study reveals that aging affects intestinal stem cells and their microenvironment, leading to impaired function. In aged intestine, stem cells upregulate antigen presenting pathway genes, resulting in skewed differentiation and increased MHC II antigen expression. This is caused by an increase in proinflammatory cells in the lamina propria, which leads to elevated interferon gamma (IFN gamma) and activation of Stat1 in stem cells, leading to aberrant differentiation and increased antigen presentation in epithelial cells. Inhibition of IFN gamma signaling reverses these aging phenotypes and restores regenerative capacity of the aged intestine epithelium.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hui-Hui Wang, Yan Zhang, Tai-Qi Qu, Xue-Qin Sang, Yi-Xuan Li, Fa-Zheng Ren, Peng-Cheng Wen, Ya-Nan Sun
Summary: Sarcopenia, a decrease in skeletal muscle mass and function caused by aging, can lead to mobility impairments, increased risk of fractures, diabetes, and other illnesses, and significantly affects the quality of life for seniors. Nobiletin (Nob), a polymethoxyl flavonoid, has potential effects in regulating protein homeostasis to prevent and treat sarcopenia.
Article
Immunology
Justyna Mika, Kengo Yoshida, Yoichiro Kusunoki, Serge M. Candeias, Joanna Polanska
Summary: Peripheral T lymphocyte proliferation is partly dependent on their thymic developmental history. The rate of proliferation of T cells with different TRB rearrangement status is different in men and women before the age of 18, but similar thereafter. Over time, T cell clone size becomes more heterogeneous, and in adults, it is always more even in women. A longitudinal analysis of TRB repertoires obtained at ten-year intervals from individual men and women confirms the findings of this cross-sectional study.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Michal Dudek, Joe Swift, Qing-Jun Meng
Summary: The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides crucial signals to instruct cellular behavior and is regulated by circadian clocks. Aging and modern society disrupt circadian rhythms, which may contribute to ECM imbalance. Understanding the daily dynamics of ECM and its changes with age is important for tissue health, disease prevention, and treatment improvement.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pei - Tsai, Ekaterina Korotkevich, Patrick H. O'Farrell
Summary: Unknown processes lead to accumulation of mitochondrial DNA mutations, which promote heteroplasmic mitochondrial diseases and degenerative changes with aging. Purifying selection operates during development and growth, but loses effectiveness during aging. Quality control pathways and pharmacological interventions can mitigate accumulation of deleterious mutations and improve health span.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lanlan Jia, Zhengli Chen, Ting Pan, Yu Xia, Junbo He, Asad Jahangir, Xiaoli Wei, Wentao Liu, Riyi Shi, Chao Huang, Qihui Luo
Summary: The study shows that TRIM67 in the hypothalamus responds to body-energy homeostasis and a deficiency of TRIM67 exacerbates metabolic disorders in obese mice induced by high-fat diet. Neuroinflammation and apoptosis were found in the hypothalamus of obese TRIM67 KO mice. Reduced BDNF in the hypothalamus affects sympathetic nervous system innervation and contributes to lipid accumulation under high-fat diet exposure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yan Zhao, You-Shuo Liu
Summary: FOXO3 is proposed as a crucial regulator involved in multiple signaling pathways in response to environmental changes, associated with human longevity, and playing a key role in vascular aging and related diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jessica Baesler, Vivien Michaelis, Michael Stiboller, Hajo Haase, Michael Aschner, Tanja Schwerdtle, Stephen R. Sturzenbaum, Julia Bornhorst
Summary: The study found that chronic exposure of C. elegans to Mn and Zn increases metal uptake, exceeding levels of single metal exposures. Additionally, supplementation with Mn and/or Zn leads to an age-dependent increase in metal content, a decline in overall mRNA expression, and induced expression of target genes involved in Mn and Zn homeostasis.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomohiro Yako, Wataru Otsu, Shinsuke Nakamura, Masamitsu Shimazawa, Hideaki Hara
Summary: This study investigated the effect of lipid droplet accumulation on RPE function, and found that inhibiting lipid droplet formation may be a target for preventing and treating non-exudative AMD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sandip Ashok Sonar, Jennifer L. Uhrlaub, Christopher P. Coplen, Gregory D. Sempowski, Jarrod A. Dudakov, Marcel R. M. van den Brink, Bonnie J. LaFleur, Mladen Jergovic, Janko Nikolich-Zugich
Summary: Secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) age asynchronously, with a reduction in the capacity of older SLOs to maintain naive T cell numbers. Older SLOs exhibit an emigration phenotype and decreased participation in de novo immune responses in mice.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jessica A. Kotov, Ying Xu, Nicholas D. Carey, Jason G. Cyster
Summary: LT beta R overexpression enhances the formation of plasma cells and may play a significant role in the development of multiple myeloma.
Review
Immunology
Xingyu Wang, Lan Zhou
Summary: Skeletal muscle is crucial for physical activity, energy metabolism, and temperature maintenance. Muscle stem cells, satellite cells, play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis and promoting muscle regeneration. Intramuscular macrophages, functionally diverse, regulate the quiescence, activation, and differentiation of satellite cells. Aberrant activation of intramuscular macrophages, often triggered by altered muscle microenvironment, disrupts muscle homeostasis and regenerative repair. Manipulating the functional activation of macrophages has potential therapeutic implications for muscle diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Lucas Melo Neves, Raphael Ritti-Dias, Valeria Juday, Raquel Marquesini, Aline Mendes Gerage, Gilberto Candido Laurentino, Renato Hoffmann Nunes, Brendon Stubbs, Carlos Ugrinowitsch
Summary: Brain atrophy, a decrease in brain volume, is associated with cognitive health in older adults. Insufficient moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) has been linked to lower brain volume. This study found that meeting weekly MVPA recommendations helps preserve the volume of over 30 brain areas and structures in older adults. Additionally, cardiorespiratory fitness is an important predictor of brain volume preservation.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Steven A. Bloomer
Summary: Liver macrophages play important roles in iron homeostasis and can be affected by aging and iron accumulation. This study found that iron administration in young rats mimicked age-related iron deposition but did not alter macrophage number or phenotype. Aging, on the other hand, increased both M1 and M2 macrophage numbers in the liver. These findings suggest that factors other than iron excess contribute to the accumulation of hepatic macrophages with aging.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guihong Liang, Haixing Song, Yan Xiao, Zhenhua Zhang
Summary: This study explored the impact of V-ATPase activity in plant vacuoles on growth and development. The lack of two tonoplast-localized subunits of V-ATPase resulted in defective growth and excessive ammonium accumulation in plants, which could be alleviated by potassium supplementation. This research provided new insights into the relationship between V-ATPase, growth, and ammonium accumulation, while highlighting the role of potassium in mitigating ammonium toxicity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)