Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Marta Kuchta-Gladysz, Ewa Wojcik, Anna Grzesiakowska, Katarzyna Rymuza, Olga Szeleszczuk
Summary: The paper explores the karyotypes of blue and silver foxes, as well as their hybrids, focusing on A and B chromosome numbers and fragile site frequencies. Genome stability is influenced by Robertsonian translocations in blue foxes and B chromosomes in silver foxes. The study uses fragile sites assay as a biomarker to evaluate genome stability in foxes, with a lower frequency of instabilities observed in healthy individuals. The assay can assist in selecting individuals with stable genomes for breeding, particularly for the conservation of endangered species like the blue fox.
Review
Cell Biology
Devon M. Fitzgerald, Susan M. Rosenberg
Summary: The Escherichia coli SOS response to DNA damage, discovered by Evelyn Witkin and Miroslav Radman, is the prototypic DNA-damage stress response that upregulates proteins for protection and repair. Similar mechanisms are found across species and contribute to genome instability in human cancer and aging. Bacterial molecular genomic mechanisms can offer insights into universal biology, including in human disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Verena Hurst, Kiran Challa, Felix Jonas, Romain Forey, Ragna Sack, Jan Seebacher, Christoph D. Schmid, Naama Barkai, Kenji Shimada, Susan M. Gasser, Jerome Poli
Summary: In budding yeast, the Mec1 kinase plays a crucial role in evicting RNAPII and RNAPIII to facilitate replication fork progression. The non-phosphorylatable mec1-S1991A mutant hinders replication fork progression and compromises survival on hydroxyurea. Disrupting chromatin-bound RNAPII can alleviate the lethality in mec1-S1991A mutants.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Fang Ji, Xinli Zhu, Hongwei Liao, Liujian Ouyang, Yingfei Huang, Madiha Zahra Syeda, Songmin Ying
Summary: This review provides an update on the research progress of common fragile sites (CFSs), including mapping and sequencing techniques, as well as hypotheses on the fragility origin of CFSs. By analyzing the locations, sequences, and replication/transcription of CFSs, this review presents the latest research status of CFSs and potentially offers a new framework for future CFS research.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas Eekhout, Jose Antonio Pedroza-Garcia, Pooneh Kalhorzadeh, Geert De Jaeger, Lieven De Veylder
Summary: During DNA replication, the WEE1 kinase inhibits cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) to safeguard genomic integrity. Wee1 mutant plants are hypersensitive to replication stress due to their inability to respond properly to DNA replication problems. The pol alpha-2 mutant, with a mutated catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase alpha, acts as a suppressor mutant of wee1 by causing instability and interaction loss, leading to a prolonged S-phase.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biology
Benjamin S. Simpson, Hayley Pye, Hayley C. Whitaker
Summary: Recent developments in sequencing the cancer genome have identified 16 signatures of structural variants across 38 tumour types, with some of the variants occurring at fragile sites like NAALADL2. These copy-number variations at fragile sites may have a significant impact on cell signalling.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Erik Waskiewicz, Michalis Vasiliou, Isaac Corcoles-Saez, Rita S. Cha
Summary: Through data mining and functional genetic analysis, the study identified functionally important and evolutionarily conserved residues in ATM/ATR, shedding light on their diverse roles in enzyme functions. The findings suggest that loss of intrinsic kinase activity in ATM/ATR is infrequent in carcinogenesis.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Mila Mirceta, Natalie Shum, Monika H. M. Schmidt, Christopher E. E. Pearson
Summary: Expanded tandem repeat DNAs are associated with various chromosomal lesions, including fragile sites. Fragile sites are localized gaps or discontinuities in chromosome structure and have important implications for genetics, biology, and health. Common fragile sites can be associated with cancer, while rare fragile sites may be linked to neurodevelopmental disorders.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shuang Jiao, Chengshun Xu, Shuang Xu, Jialin Xu
Summary: The discrete element method (DEM) can be used to study the breakage of granular materials from a microscopic perspective. Through numerical simulations, the influencing factors and microscopic responses of breakage are investigated, as well as the critical state of crushed specimens. The results show that the shearing dilatancy characteristics are governed by the stress level and that the content of fine particles affects the amount of breakage. Particle breakage mainly occurs at the early stage of shear at low confining pressure, while it accompanies the whole shear process at high confining pressure.
BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Fatemeh Sadoughi, Jamal Hallajzadeh, Zatollah Asemi, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Forough Alemi, Bahman Yousefi
Summary: Our genome undergoes tens of thousands of harms and damages daily, and cells have sophisticated mechanisms to repair them to maintain genome stability; Cells must sustain the integrity of genetic content, and mediators play a crucial role in transmitting DNA damage signals to prevent defective DNA replication.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kaori Tsutsumi, Moe Masuda, Hiroyuki Date
Summary: Altered gene expression is a common feature of tumor cells post-irradiation, persisting in surviving cells and potentially involving different intracellular signaling pathways than those caused by DSBs. Microarray analysis revealed an interesting relationship between altered genes and their chromosomal loci, forming clusters on specific chromosome sites which may be considered as radio-fragile sites.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Mingxing Luo, Jiru Zhang, Xiaoxuan Liu, Duanduan Xu
Summary: In this paper, a proposed constitutive model is presented to simulate the effects of particle breakage on the mechanical response of fragile angular-shaped granular materials. Experimental results indicate that particle breakage increases roundness and decreases the critical stress ratio in these materials.
MARINE GEORESOURCES & GEOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shengwei Pei, Haiyue Xu, Li Wang, Fadi Li, Wanhong Li, Xiangpeng Yue
Summary: ZNF280BY is a bovid-specific Y chromosome gene that plays important roles in testicular development and male fertility. This study cloned the full-length cDNA of ovine ZNF280BY and found that it was highly expressed in the testis and significantly upregulated during testicular development. The copy number variation (CNV) of ZNF280BY was negatively correlated with testicular size in Hu sheep. The CNV of ZNF280BY could be used as an important genetic marker for evaluating ram reproductive capacity at an early stage in Hu sheep breeding programs.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shengwei Pei, Fang Qin, Li Wang, Wanhong Li, Fadi Li, Xiangpeng Yue
Summary: The study found that PRAMEY is predominantly expressed in the testis in sheep and significantly correlated with testicular size traits, indicating its potential important role in testicular growth.
Review
Cell Biology
Angela R. R. Bunning, Mohan L. L. Gupta Jr.
Summary: Accurate chromosome segregation is essential for cell and organismal viability. The mitotic spindle, composed mainly of dynamic microtubules, plays a crucial role in this process by forming a bipolar configuration and generating tension across sister kinetochores. Recent advances have shed light on the role of tension as a biophysical signal that ensures accurate chromosome segregation by destabilizing aberrant kinetochore-microtubule attachments and reinforcing correct connections.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jesus A. Carballo, Anthony L. Johnson, Steven G. Sedgwick, Rita S. Cha
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Anastasia Baryshnikova, Benjamin VanderSluis, Michael Costanzo, Chad L. Myers, Rita S. Cha, Brenda Andrews, Charles Boone
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2013)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Nadia Hashash, Anthony L. Johnson, Rita S. Cha
Article
Genetics & Heredity
James D. Cauwood, Anthony L. Johnson, Alexander Widger, Rita S. Cha
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jesus A. Carballo, Silvia Panizza, Maria Elisabetta Serrentino, Anthony L. Johnson, Marco Geymonat, Valerie Borde, Franz Klein, Rita S. Cha
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Isaac Corcoles-Saez, Kangzhen Dong, Rita S. Cha
Article
Biology
Erik Waskiewicz, Michalis Vasiliou, Isaac Corcoles-Saez, Rita S. Cha
Summary: Through data mining and functional genetic analysis, the study identified functionally important and evolutionarily conserved residues in ATM/ATR, shedding light on their diverse roles in enzyme functions. The findings suggest that loss of intrinsic kinase activity in ATM/ATR is infrequent in carcinogenesis.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jess A. Carballo, Rita S. Cha
CHROMOSOME RESEARCH
(2007)
Article
Cell Biology
Felix Machin, Jordi Torres-Rosell, Giacomo De Piccoli, Jesus A. Carballo, Rita S. Cha, Adam Jarmuz, Luis Aragon
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2006)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
RS Cha, N Kleckner
Article
Cell Biology
RS Cha, BM Weiner, S Keeney, J Dekker, N Kleckner
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
(2000)