Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Han-Wen Chuang, Tse-Yen Wang, Chih-Chia Huang, I-Hua Wei
Summary: This study reveals that Echinacoside has antidepressant-like effects in mice through the activation of the AMPAR-Akt/ERK-mTOR pathway in the hippocampus, and provides insights into the neuroprotective effect of Echinacoside.
Article
Oncology
Yi Wei, Mengjun Liang, Liping Xiong, Ning Su, Xiang Gao, Zongpei Jiang
Summary: PD-L1 binds to PD-1 and promotes M2 polarization accompanied by mitochondrial function enhancement and metabolic reprogramming via Erk/Akt/mTOR. This study elucidates the role of PD-L1 in macrophage polarization and verifies the underlying mechanisms for the first time. Considering that aberrantly upregulated PD-L1 expression contributes to a wide variety of diseases, targeting PD-L1-mediated macrophage polarization is a prospective therapeutic strategy for both neoplastic and nonneoplastic diseases.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jun Zhao, Tingting Zhang, Guomin Chen, Ningwei Geng, Zhiyun Guo, Shengliang Cao, Yudong Yang, Kuihao Liu, Siqi Wang, Yiran Zhao, Fanliang Meng, Sidang Liu, Meijie Jiang, Ning Li
Summary: Despite the economic losses caused by duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) to the poultry industry, the specific relationships between DTMUV and cellular autophagy are largely unknown. This study investigated the interactions between autophagy and DTMUV and found that DTMUV increased autophagy, which in turn facilitated viral replication. Non-structural protein 3 (NS3) was identified as the main protein inducing autophagy, and this induction was mediated by the ERK2, PI3K/AKT, and mTOR signaling pathways. NS3-induced autophagy promoted DTMUV replication.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Qiong Wu, Tian-yi Liu, Bai-chun Hu, Xiang Li, Yu-ting Wu, Xiao-tong Sun, Xiao-wen Jiang, Shu Wang, Xiao-chun Qin, Huai-wei Ding, Qing-chun Zhao
Summary: CK-3, a dual blocker of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK/ERK pathways, demonstrated anti-tumor activity against HCC cell lines in vitro by inhibiting cell proliferation, wound healing, and cell invasion. By simultaneously targeting both pathways, CK-3 may represent a superior treatment option for HCC compared to single pathway monotherapies.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kelsie J. Anson, Giulia A. Corbet, Amy E. Palmer
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated how changes in intracellular zinc ion levels affect kinase signaling pathways using fluorescent biosensors and cell perturbations. The results showed that zinc ion fluctuations are not toxic and do not activate stress-dependent kinase signaling. Additionally, the study demonstrated that while zinc ions can inhibit phosphatases, ERK and Akt are primarily activated through upstream signaling pathways.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jung-Min Kim, Yeon-Suk Yang, Jaehyoung Hong, Sachin Chaugule, Hyonho Chun, Marjolein C. H. van Der Meulen, Ren Xu, Matthew B. Greenblatt, Jae-Hyuck Shim
Summary: Emerging evidence suggests that the ERK pathway in osteoblasts controls bone formation by suppressing the mTOR pathway, promoting mitochondrial function and SGK1 phosphorylation. While ERK inhibition blocks early differentiation of osteogenic precursors, it surprisingly promotes later stages of osteoblast differentiation, leading to enhanced bone formation. This study reveals a surprising dichotomy of ERK pathway functions in osteoblasts, where ERK activation promotes early differentiation but inhibits the subsequent differentiation via mTOR-mediated regulation of mitochondrial function and SGK1.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksandra Derwich, Monika Sykutera, Barbara Brominska, Blazej Rubis, Marek Ruchala, Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj
Summary: Pituitary tumors, while mostly benign, can be aggressive and invasive, resistant to treatment, and prone to recurrence. The underlying mechanisms behind their behavior and metastasis are not fully understood. The RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways are crucial in cell growth and tumorigenesis. This review aims to explore the activation of these pathways in pituitary tumors and their potential as new therapeutic approaches. Thorough research is needed to ascertain their exact functions and mechanisms in the pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhizhu Zhang, Ann Richmond, Chi Yan
Summary: Hyperactivation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK/MEK/ERK signaling pathways is common in various cancers, and targeting these pathways may enhance the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as a strategy to overcome resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Wojciech Wiese, Julia Barczuk, Olga Racinska, Natalia Siwecka, Wioletta Rozpedek-Kaminska, Artur Slupianek, Radoslaw Sierpinski, Ireneusz Majsterek
Summary: The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is crucial in cancer development and can be a potential therapeutic target for leukemia. Recent research indicates that inhibition of this pathway may lead to improved treatment outcomes for leukemia.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mohadeseh Namjoo, Hossein Ghafouri, Elham Assareh, Amir Reza Aref, Ebrahim Mostafavi, Ali Hamrahi Mohsen, Saeed Balalaie, Sylvain Broussy, S. Mohsen Asghari
Summary: In this study, a peptidomimetic called VGB3 was found to bind and neutralize VEGFR2. The experiments conducted on human umbilical vein endothelial cells and 4T1 mouse mammary carcinoma cells showed that VGB3 can inhibit cell proliferation and angiogenesis by suppressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and PLC?/ERK1/2 pathways. These findings provide insights for the development of novel multi-target inhibitors.
Review
Cell Biology
Sanjay Mishra, Manish Charan, Ajeet Kumar Verma, Bhuvaneswari Ramaswamy, Dinesh Kumar Ahirwar, Ramesh K. Ganju
Summary: Ethnic differences in mTOR and ERK-1/2 signaling pathways may be associated with the development and progression of different human malignancies. While socioeconomic disparities contribute to the differences in cancer incidence rates among different ethnic groups, genetic and molecular variations also play a significant role in racial disparities in the development of malignancies. Further studies are needed to explore the significance of racial disparity in abnormal mTOR and ERK-1/2 kinase signaling pathways for potentially developing tailored anti-cancer therapies.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Karlie N. Fedder-Semmes, Bruce Appel
Summary: Oligodendrocytes produce myelin to insulate and support axons in the vertebrate central nervous system. Akt-mTOR signaling pathway plays a crucial role in promoting myelin sheath growth and stability through regulating translation, highlighting the importance of local translation in controlling myelin sheath growth.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefano Ratti, Raffaella Mauro, Cristina Rocchi, Sara Mongiorgi, Giulia Ramazzotti, Mauro Gargiulo, Lucia Manzoli, Lucio Cocco, Roberta Fiume
Summary: This review examines the importance of critical enzymes such as PI3K, AKT, and mTOR in the maturation and failure of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) for haemodialysis treatment. These enzymes play a role in various cellular activities and are associated with multiple diseases. They are also druggable targets, which can be targeted to control specific aspects of AVF and provide more personalized therapy.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ruohan Zhang, Serra Ozgen, Hongke Luo, Judith Krigman, Yutong Zhao, Gang Xin, Nuo Sun
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigate the role of Parkin and USP30 in regulating the AKT/mTOR signaling during mitophagy. They found that Parkin inhibits AKT/mTOR signaling, while USP30 antagonizes the activity of Parkin to sustain AKT/mTOR activity.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonino Glaviano, Aaron S. C. Foo, Hiu Y. Lam, Kenneth C. H. Yap, William Jacot, Robert H. Jones, Huiyan Eng, Madhumathy G. Nair, Pooyan Makvandi, Birgit Geoerger, Matthew H. Kulke, Richard D. Baird, Jyothi S. Prabhu, Daniela Carbone, Camilla Pecoraro, Daniel B. L. Teh, Gautam Sethi, Vincenzo Cavalieri, Kevin H. Lin, Nathalie R. Javidi-Sharifi, Eneda Toska, Matthew S. Davids, Jennifer R. Brown, Patrizia Diana, Justin Stebbing, David A. Fruman, Alan P. Kumar
Summary: The PI3K/AKT/mTOR (PAM) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cell survival, growth, and cell cycle progression. Dysregulation of this pathway is associated with cancer development and resistance to therapy. This review focuses on the major dysregulations in the PAM signaling pathway in cancer and discusses strategies for overcoming treatment resistance. The role of PAM signaling in immunology and immunotherapies is also discussed.
Article
Cell Biology
Wei-Lun Hwang, Muh-Hwa Yang
Article
Cell Biology
Tsai-Tsen Liao, Wen-Hao Hsu, Chien-Hsin Ho, Wei-Lun Hwang, Hsin-Yi Lan, Ting Lo, Cheng-Chi Chang, Shyh-Kuan Tai, Muh-Hwa Yang
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Wei-Lun Hwang, Muh-Hwa Yang, Ming-Long Tsai, Hsin-Yi Lan, Shu-Han Su, Shih-Ching Chang, Hao-Wei Teng, Shung-Haur Yang, Yuan-Tzu Lan, Shih-Hwa Chiou, Hsei-Wei Wang
Article
Cell Biology
Wei-Lun Hwang, Jeng-Kae Jiang, Shung-Haur Yang, Tse-Shun Huang, Hsin-Yi Lan, Hao-Wei Teng, Chih-Yung Yang, Ya-Ping Tsai, Chi-Hung Lin, Hsei-Wei Wang, Muh-Hwa Yang
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2014)