Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Maria F. Pantano, Christos Pavlou, Maria Giovanna Pastore Carbone, Costas Galiotis, Nicola M. Pugno, Giorgio Speranza
Summary: In this study, ultrathin PMMA films were evaluated for their mechanical behavior using a homemade nanomechanical device, showing a surprisingly high strain at failure and development of crazes during tensile loading, but without premature fracture. This work may pave the way for the development of glassy thermoplastic films with high ductility at ambient temperatures.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Marco Beaumont, Blaise L. Tardy, Guillermo Reyes, Tetyana Koso, Elisabeth Schaubmayr, Paul Jusner, Alistair W. T. King, Raymond R. Dagastine, Antje Potthast, Orlando J. Rojas, Thomas Rosenau
Summary: Selective surface modification of biobased fibers allows for individualization and functionalization into nanomaterials using TEMPO-mediated oxidation, but can lead to changes in native surface chemistry. A methodology is introduced to extract cellulose fibrils with regioselective surface modification, which can be reverted with mild post-treatment, without polymer degradation or changes in crystallinity. This offers significant potential in reconstituting the chemical and structural interfaces of native states for sustainable building blocks.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Andrew J. Sweatt, Kazuya Miyagawa, Christopher J. Rhodes, Shalina Taylor, Patricia A. Del Rosario, Andrew Hsi, Francois Haddad, Edda Spiekerkoetter, Michal Bental-Roof, Richard D. Bland, Emilia M. Swietlik, Stefan Graef, Martin R. Wilkins, Nicholas W. Morrell, Mark R. Nicolls, Marlene Rabinovitch, Roham T. Zamanian
Summary: The study revealed that PAH patients have elevated levels of NE and decreased levels of elafin, which are associated with more severe clinical disease and outcomes. NE levels can serve as a specific biomarker for the treatment of elafin.
Article
Physics, Applied
Seth C. Cordts, Nicolas Castano, Saisneha Koppaka, Sindy K. Y. Tang
Summary: The study focuses on developing a microscale dicing device called mu Dicer, utilizing a combination of isotropic and anisotropic etching in silicon. The fabrication process is optimized to reduce time and successfully demonstrates the application of dissecting soft materials and tissues.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dongsu Bae, Unseok Jung, Hunsu Lee, Heeil Yoo, Se Youn Moon, Kun-Hong Lee, Myung Jong Kim
Summary: Highly crystalline double-walled boron nitride nanotubes (DWBNNTs) were synthesized from ammonia borane (AB) precursors using a high-temperature thermal plasma method. The use of AB precursors resulted in longer BNNTs with fewer walls compared to the conventional method. The production rate significantly improved and the content of amorphous boron impurities was reduced when AB precursors were used. This synthesis method using AB precursors is expected to contribute to the commercialization of BNNTs.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
L. Lorenz, T. Chudoba, S. Makowski, M. Zawischa, F. Schaller, V Weihnacht
Summary: A new empirical fit model named "sigmoid" is proposed in this study, which outperforms existing fit models in terms of goodness of fit and stability based on a large number of nanoindentation measurements on ta-C coatings. Additionally, it is demonstrated that the fit parameter of the sigmoid model directly correlates with the coating thickness, allowing for a new approach to determine ta-C coating thickness.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Correction
Construction & Building Technology
Bastian Valentin Wilding, Michele Godio, Katrin Beyer
Summary: A correction to the paper has been published and can be found at the provided link.
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hangwei Lin, Koji Takasu, Hiroki Suyama, Hidehiro Koyamada, Shilun Liu
Summary: This study investigated the effects of modified fly ash on the mechanical properties and durability of concrete, proposed a new equation relating the elastic modulus and compressive strength of concrete, and confirmed the importance of the quality and substitution rate of recycled fine aggregates in these effects.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
H. Liang, S. Saber-Samandari, M. Y. P. M. Yusof, M. H. Malekipour Esfahani, M. Shahgholi, M. Hekmatifar, R. Sabetvand, A. Khandan, D. Toghraie
Summary: In this study, the elastic modulus and hardness of fused silica were evaluated using the nano-indentation method and simulated using molecular dynamics and finite element analysis. The results indicate that using different indenters can reduce the amount and size of surface microcracks. Additionally, the mechanical behavior of fused silica structures with atomic nanostructure was described using MD simulation, and the mechanical constants such as hardness, elastic modulus, and fracture toughness were calculated.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Qianqin Zhou, Juan Jiang, Yinquan Xu, Hanyan Qiu, Xiaoyan Wen, Shaoqi He, Qin Lv
Summary: This case report describes a newborn with a giant liver hemangioma who developed early-onset pulmonary hypertension and was successfully treated with intra-arterial embolization. It highlights the importance of suspecting and promptly evaluating congenital hepatic hemangioma and related arteriovenous shunts in infants with unexplained pulmonary hypertension.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jamshed Haneef, Datta Markad, Renu Chadha, Amit Kumar, Navin Kumar
Summary: The mechanical properties of drug molecules are important for their processing into finished products. This study focuses on the mechanical anisotropy in two polymorphs of ambrisentan. Nanoindentation experiments showed that form I has higher hardness and elastic modulus compared to form II. The differences in mechanical properties were explained by differences in crystal structure and intermolecular interactions. Overall, form II exhibited higher plasticity and tabletability than form I. This study highlights the importance of crystal structure in determining the mechanical performance of drug crystals.
Article
Acoustics
Yangjun Wang, Ziyuan Li, Limei Tian, Zhen Shang
Summary: Research shows that the elastic modulus of a boundary can have an impact on cavitation erosion. By using single-layer samples with different chemical composition and moduli, as well as double-layer samples with different elastic moduli but the same surface layer material, the direct relationship between the elastic modulus of the boundary and cavitation erosion was studied. The results indicate that the coating's chemical composition and mechanical properties together affect the cavitation morphology, and the dominant factors vary with erosion stage. The study also found a positive correlation between the elastic modulus of the coating and the degree of cavitation, providing theoretical and technical guidance for the application of anti-cavitation coatings in engineering.
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sonja Kostic, Jasmina Miljojkovic, Goran Simunovic, Djordje Vukelic, Branko Tadic
Summary: This paper presents the results of theoretical and experimental research on the uncertainty in elastic modulus measurement using different types of tensile testing devices, and compares their results. Factors affecting the uncertainty in elastic modulus measurement are defined, and analytical limits for acceptable uncertainties are determined. The average uncertainties in elastic modulus are found to be 1.97% on a conventional tensile testing device with an extensometer, and 1.56% on a small laboratory tensile testing device. It is observed that the uncertainty in elastic modulus measurement is higher in the region of lower forces and small elongations, mainly due to imperfections in measuring instrumentation.
ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL-JESTECH
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Danvendra Singh, Apurv Sibal, Deepika Sharma, Sumit Sharma, Bhabani K. Satapathy, Parikshit Goswami, Akos Kukovecz, Amit Rawal, Daniel Sebok
Summary: Electrospun is a unique class of materials with multiple scales and surface functionalities, and upscaling their properties from the lab to industry is often limited by a lack of understanding. In this study, a theoretical framework was developed to predict the elastic properties of electrospun mats, considering the properties of constituent fibers, fiber alignment, and curvature. The framework successfully predicted the elastic moduli of the mats, validated by X-ray nanoCT analysis, and showed good agreement with experimental data for different types of electrospun mats.
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chi-Cong Vu, Jerome Weiss, Olivier Ple, David Amitrano
Summary: Concrete's elastic properties are independent of concrete mixtures and sample sizes, while the compressive strength is influenced by sample sizes. There is no direct proportionality between the linear property of elastic modulus and the non-linear property of compressive strength in concrete. Using empirical expressions from building codes to estimate elastic modulus from compressive strength can lead to incorrect designs.
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Grant S. Roberts, Christopher J. Francois, Jitka Starekova, Alejandro Roldan-Alzate, Oliver Wieben
Summary: 4D flow MRI analysis revealed significant differences in mesenteric blood flow redistribution after a meal challenge in patients with suspected CMI, which may aid in the challenging diagnosis of CMI.
ABDOMINAL RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Ping Yu Xiong, Mehras Motamed, Kuang-Hueih Chen, Asish Dasgupta, Francois Potus, Lian Tian, Ashley Martin, Jeffrey Mewburn, Oliver Jones, Arthur Thebaud, Stephen L. Archer
Summary: Inhibition of PKM2 can improve right ventricular function in rats with group 2 pulmonary hypertension, reducing the severity of PH and lowering RV systolic pressure. PKM2 inhibition may be a potential therapeutic target for group 2 PH.
Article
Biophysics
Michelle A. Bartolo, M. Umar Qureshi, Mitchel J. Colebank, Naomi C. Chesler, Mette S. Olufsen
Summary: Isolated post-capillary pulmonary hypertension (Ipc-PH) is caused by left heart failure, while combined pre-/post-capillary PH (Cpc-PH) is associated with increased mortality. Mechanical forces and biological signaling likely contribute to the transition from Ipc-PH to Cpc-PH. This study used a computational fluid dynamics model to examine the dynamics of mechanical forces in the pulmonary circulation.
BIOMECHANICS AND MODELING IN MECHANOBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Ryan J. Pewowaruk, Yacob Tedla, Claudia E. Korcarz, Matthew C. Tattersall, James H. Stein, Naomi C. Chesler, Adam D. Gepner
Summary: Elastic arteries stiffen through two main mechanisms: load-dependent stiffening from higher blood pressure and structural stiffening due to changes in the vessel wall. This study found that as people age, there is a greater increase in total, structural, and load-dependent stiffening. Structural stiffening is the primary mechanism, but some individuals also experience more load-dependent stiffening. These differences in arterial stiffening mechanisms may influence the development of cardiovascular disease.
Article
Physiology
Tik-Chee Cheng, Diana M. Tabima, Laura R. Caggiano, Andrea L. Frump, Timothy A. Hacker, Jens C. Eickhoff, Tim Lahm, Naomi C. Chesler
Summary: This study found that women have better clinical outcomes than men with severe right ventricular pressure overload. Despite sex-dependent differences in contractile and fibrotic responses, right ventricular mechanoenergetic adaptation was comparable between the sexes, suggesting a homeostatic target.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Christopher J. Francois, Elizabeth M. Hecht, Giles Roditi, J. Paul Finn
Summary: This article provides guidance on the selection and setup of standardized noncardiac chest MRA protocols, including CE-MRA and NC-MRA, and explores their use in various clinical scenarios. It offers practical tips and tricks for sequence optimization, image acquisition, and interpretation. The article is part of a series created by the SMRA to support researchers and clinicians in understanding the challenges and benefits of MRA.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Cassandra K. Conway-O'Donnell, Naomi C. Chesler
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Betty J. J. Allen, Hailey Frye, Rasika Ramanathan, Laura R. R. Caggiano, Diana M. M. Tabima, Naomi C. C. Chesler, Jennifer L. L. Philip
Summary: Combined pre-/postcapillary pulmonary hypertension (Cpc-PH), a complication of left heart failure, leads to higher mortality rates compared to isolated postcapillary pulmonary hypertension alone. However, little is known about the mechanisms responsible for the progression from isolated postcapillary pulmonary hypertension (Ipc-PH) to Cpc-PH. This review focuses on the biomechanical and mechanobiological impact of left heart failure on pulmonary circulation, including the altered biological signaling and detrimental remodeling that drive the progression to Cpc-PH. Understanding these mechanisms may help identify potential pharmacologic approaches to prevent right heart failure and subsequent mortality.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura R. Caggiano, Naomi C. Chesler
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
M. J. Colebank, R. Taylor, T. A. Hacker, N. C. Chesler
Summary: Computational models are a useful tool for integrating different scales, but parameterization and matching with experimental data can be challenging. Recent advancements in data collection and model analyses have helped to overcome these challenges.
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Farhan Raza, Naomi C. Chesler
Summary: In recent years, pulmonary vascular health has been found to be related to exercise intolerance and clinical outcomes. The health of pulmonary blood vessels can be quantified by the hemodynamic load faced by the right ventricle, which includes steady and pulsatile components. Different metrics, such as pulmonary arterial compliance, pulmonary vascular impedance, and pulmonary vascular distensibility with exercise, can assess the pulsatile load.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Elizabeth M. M. Cosgriff-Hernandez, Brian A. A. Aguado, Belinda Akpa, Gabriella Coloyan Fleming, Erika Moore, Ana Maria Porras, Patrick M. M. Boyle, Deva D. D. Chan, Naomi Chesler, Karen L. L. Christman, Tejal A. A. Desai, Brendan A. C. Harley, Gregory A. A. Hudalla, Megan L. L. Killian, Katharina Maisel, Kristen C. C. Maitland, Shelly R. R. Peyton, Beth L. L. Pruitt, Sarah E. E. Stabenfeldt, Kelly R. R. Stevens, Audrey K. K. Bowden
Summary: We offer a roadmap for revamping faculty hiring processes to remove barriers that have historically excluded certain groups.
NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Amirreza Kachabi, Mitchel J. Colebank, Naomi C. Chesler
Summary: This article investigates the impact of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) on pulmonary artery stiffness and hemodynamics using computational fluid dynamics. The results demonstrate that CTEPH increases pulmonary artery wall stiffness and decreases blood flow shear stress.
BIOMECHANICS AND MODELING IN MECHANOBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Christopher J. Francois, Gregory P. Barton, Philip A. Corrado, Aimee T. Broman, Naomi C. Chesler, Marlowe W. Eldridge, Oliver Wieben, Kara N. Goss
Summary: A study using cardiac MRI (CMR) found that young adults born prematurely have significantly higher native T1 values compared to term-born individuals. These T1 values are also associated with cardiac volumes and mass index, and may be related to cardiac strain.
RADIOLOGY-CARDIOTHORACIC IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Nathan D. Camarillo, Rafael Jimenez-Silva, Frances T. Sheehan
Summary: This article discusses the statistical dependence between multiple measurements from the same participant and provides recommendations for using these measurements when they are not independent.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
J. Huet, A. -S. Boureau, A. Sarcher, C. Cornu, A. Nordez
Summary: Standard compression in freehand 3D ultrasound induces a bias in volume calculations, but minimal compression and gel pad methods have similar results. With a trained examiner and precautions, the bias can be minimized and become acceptable in clinical applications.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
C. Lariviere, A. H. Eskandari, H. Mecheri, F. Ghezelbash, D. Gagnon, A. Shirazi-Adl
Summary: Recent developments in musculoskeletal modeling have focused on model customization. Personalization of the spine profile may affect estimates of spinal loading and stability. This study investigates the biomechanical consequences of changes in the spinal profile and finds that personalizing the spine profile has medium to large effects on trunk muscle forces and negligible to small effects on spinal loading and stability.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Luke T. Mattar, Arash B. Mahboobin, Adam J. Popchak, William J. Anderst, Volker Musahl, James J. Irrgang, Richard E. Debski
Summary: Exercise therapy fails in about 25.0% of cases for individuals with rotator cuff tears, and one reason for this failure may be the inability to strengthen and balance the muscle forces that keep the humeral head in the correct position. This study developed computational musculoskeletal models to compare the net muscle force before and after exercise therapy between successfully and unsuccessfully treated patients. The study found that unsuccessfully treated patients had less inferiorly oriented net muscle forces, which may increase the risk of impingement.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Natsuki Sado, Takeshi Edagawa, Toshihide Fujimori, Shogo Hashimoto, Yoshikazu Okamoto, Takahito Nakajima
Summary: The existing methods for predicting hip and lumbosacral joint centres in Japanese adults are biased and differ between sexes. We propose new regression equations that consider soft-tissue thickness, sex differences, and a height-directional measure, and validate them using leave-one-out cross-validation.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Peimin Yu, Xuanzhen Cen, Qichang Mei, Alan Wang, Yaodong Gu, Justin Fernandez
Summary: This study aimed to explore the intra-foot biomechanical differences among individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI), copers, and healthy individuals during dynamic tasks. The study found that copers and CAI individuals had smaller dorsiflexion angles and copers presented a more eversion position compared to healthy participants. Copers also had greater dorsiflexion angles in the metatarsophalangeal joint and more inversion moments in the subtalar joint during certain tasks. These findings can help in designing interventions to restore ankle joint functions in CAI individuals.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Jon Skovgaard Jensen, Anders Holsgaard-Larsen, Anders Stengaard Sorensen, Per Aagaard, Jens Bojsen-Moller
Summary: This study investigates the biomechanical effects of robot-assisted body weight unloading (BWU) on gait patterns in healthy young adults. The results show that dynamic robot-assisted BWU enables reduced kinetic requirements without distorting biomechanically normal gait patterns during overground walking.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
