Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zein K. Heiba, Lutfi Arda, Nurcan Dogan, Ozgul Karatas, Mohamed Bakr Mohamed
Summary: The sol-gel technique was used to synthesize Er2-xCoxO3 mixed oxides with varying Co concentrations. Rietveld analyses showed single phase nanoparticles up to x = 0.1, with Co3O4 phase appearing for x >= 0.2. The magnetic analysis revealed super-paramagnetism as the reason for S-shaped hysteresis loops and non-zero magnetic moments, with both Mr and Ms increasing with higher Co+2 concentrations.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Golnaz Jozanikohan, Mohsen Nosrati Abarghooei
Summary: A comprehensive understanding of clay minerals is crucial for evaluating hydrocarbon reservoirs. In this study, transmission Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) tests were conducted on ten samples from a heterogeneous clastic gas reservoir formation in NE Iran to study the clay mineralogy. The FTIR analysis revealed the presence of clay minerals in all samples, and further analysis using powder X-ray diffraction, wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the presence and abundance of different types of clay minerals. The study concluded that FTIR analysis is a useful technique for screening samples in clay mineralogy studies.
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Gianpiero Gallo, Ana Mihanovic, Igor Roncevic, Robert Dinnebier, Hrvoj Vancik
Summary: The crystal and molecular structure of poly(1,4-phenyleneazine-N,N-dioxide) obtained from 1,4-dinitrosobenzene polymerization was investigated using X-ray powder diffraction and DFT calculations. The electronic structure analysis revealed that the polymer possesses wide-bandgap semiconductor properties with a high thermal stability. Photolysis of the polymer at cryogenic temperatures yields monomers which can re-polymerize at higher temperatures, demonstrating a reversible photo-thermal cycle.
Article
Geography, Physical
Cale A. C. Gushulak, Eduard G. Reinhardt, Brian F. Cumming
Summary: This study examines changes in sediment cores from two boreal lakes in northeast Ontario using micro-X-Ray Fluorescence elemental analysis to infer changes in terrestrial inputs and redox status over the middle to late Holocene. The results suggest a correlation between regional patterns in terrestrial input and changes in hydroclimate, with potential climate teleconnections between northeast North America and the North Atlantic. Cool conditions in the North Atlantic correspond to increased soil erosion in Iceland and cool, dry conditions in boreal northeast Ontario over the middle to late Holocene, with low inputs of terrestrial material.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Crystallography
Vladimir V. Chernyshev
Summary: X-ray powder diffraction is a crucial tool in pharmaceutical science, particularly for determining the crystal structure of new pharmaceutical substances. This article discusses the reliability of structural parameters obtained from powder patterns and presents recent examples of successfully determining crystal structures of pharmaceutical cocrystals and salts using powder diffraction data. These examples demonstrate the enhanced capabilities of laboratory X-ray powder diffractometers and modern software in addressing real-life challenges in pharmaceutical science.
Letter
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pawel E. Tomaszewski
Summary: The comments point out errors in the lattice parameters and chemical composition of the BiHoZnCeO6 perovskite published in the commented paper. The most probable composition of the studied sample is CeO2:Bi,Ho,Zn.
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuo Feng, Rajesh Kumar Singh, Yucheng Fu, Zhuo Li, Yulong Wang, Jie Bao, Zhijie Xu, Guosheng Li, Cassidy Anderson, Lili Shi, Yuehe Lin, Peter G. Khalifah, Wei Wang, Jun Liu, Jie Xiao, Dongping Lu
Summary: In this study, a simple strategy was demonstrated for constructing low-tortuosity through-pores in both vertical and planar directions of electrodes by casting large particles into single-particle-layer electrodes. Through multi-scale characterizations and simulations, correlations between material/electrode structures, electrolyte permeability, polysulfide migration, and sulfur reactions were elucidated. The high-loading and dense sulfur cathode fabricated by this method delivers a high specific capacity at a very low electrolyte/sulfur ratio.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yulia A. Nikiforova, Anna G. Ivanova, Kirill Frolov, Igor S. Lyubutin, Dmitriy A. Chareev, Arseniy O. Baskakov, Sergey S. Starchikov, Ivan A. Troyan, Mariana Lyubutina, Pavel G. Naumov, Mahmoud Abdel-Hafiez
Summary: The FeSe0.89S0.11 superconductor undergoes a structural phase transition from tetragonal to orthorhombic under high pressure, with a hysteresis effect observed during decompression.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kirty Pant, Mamta Thakur, Harish Kumar Chopra, Vikas Nanda
Summary: The study aimed to produce encapsulated vacuum dried propolis powder by varying propolis ethanolic extract concentration, temperature, and pressure. Results showed different impacts of these factors on the physical characteristics and total phenolic content of the powder. The optimized propolis powder sample demonstrated effective encapsulation of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
R. Paranthaman, J. A. Moses, C. Anandharamakrishnan
Summary: This study developed and validated a powder X-ray diffraction method for direct detection of PbCrO4 adulteration in turmeric powder. The optimal detection conditions were determined, confirming the method's applicability and high sensitivity in screening PbCrO4 at various levels in turmeric powder.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chitra Sivakumar, Jarvis A. Stobbs, Kaiyang Tu, Chithra Karunakaran, Jitendra Paliwal
Summary: This study investigates the molecular changes in roller-milled green lentil flours caused by mill settings and blending of fractions. The use of advanced techniques such as synchrotron X-rays, FTIR spectroscopy, and laser diffraction provides a deeper understanding of the particle size, crystallinity, and starch/protein quality differences between flour blends and streams. The development of a principal component analysis model allows for the classification of samples based on their carbohydrate and protein profiles. This research is crucial for the food industry to utilize pulse flours in the creation of nutritionally dense foods.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hironori Suzuki, Masahito Matsushima, Masataka Ito, Shuji Noguchi
Summary: Sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) can be used to distinguish crystal polymorphs of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) containing sulfur atoms. The shape of XANES spectra is influenced by the C-S-C bond angle of molecules and intermolecular hydrogen bonds and S-S interaction, while the peak energy values can vary with hydrogen bonds and S-S interaction. Linear combination fitting of XANES spectra can quantify the ratio of crystal forms in mixed powders, demonstrating the utility of XANES measurements for evaluating crystal polymorphism in pharmaceutical formulations containing sulfur atoms.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
J. W. Ben Li, Brendan J. Kennedy
Summary: ALaTiO4 and A2La2Ti3O10 (A = Na+, K+) are prepared at similar temperatures and often coexist in poly-crystalline samples. The use of excess alkaline metal reagent compensates for reagent volatility and reduces the synthesis temperature. The phase competition between ALaTiO4 and A2La2Ti3O10 highlights the importance of careful profile analysis for complete understanding of sample phase composition.
JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Dennis M. Njagi, Joyanto Routh, Daniel Olago, Kasun Gayantha
Summary: The multi-proxy records from the Kapsabet peat deposit in western Kenya provide insights into late Holocene climate changes and vegetation evolution, with distinct stages of climatic conditions and their impacts revealed through various proxies.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nicolas Bouliez, Jerome Andrieux, Rodica Chiriac, Francois Toche, Jean-Claude Crivello, Bruno Gardiola, Sophie Cazottes, Florence Robaut, Rafael Cury, Olivier Dezellus
Summary: Tungsten heavy alloys (Co-Ni-W) of different compositions were prepared and heat treated, revealing a new intermetallic phase. The evolution of phase equilibria with temperature helps to achieve agreement with high temperature data.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
Julia Becher, Alex Schoeman, Gavin Whitelaw, Stephen Buckley, Jean-Pierre Celliers, Sara Cafisso, Matthias Belser, Maxime Rageot, Cynthianne Spiteri
Summary: This study represents the first application of Organic Residue Analysis (ORA) to southern African early farming pottery to gain a deeper understanding of past human behavior and subsistence patterns. The study found evidence of dairy processing and multi-purpose functionality of the ceramics. It also discovered potential medicinal use and the involvement of dung in pottery sealing and mending.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Anthropology
Jon Clindaniel, Matthew Magnani
Summary: Large sources of digital trace data have become important in the study of material culture. The authors introduce a computational method to observe digital formation processes and highlight the importance of accounting for these processes in studies utilizing digital trace data.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Anthropology
Rebecca A. G. Reid, Miranda M. E. Jans, Lesley A. Chesson, Rebecca J. Taylor, Gregory E. Berg
Summary: Chemical treatment of skeletal remains can reduce overall DNA quality and quantity but has no significant impact on stable isotope ratio analysis. Examination of treated and untreated human remains through histological and stable isotope analysis reveals that treated remains exhibit better preservation compared to untreated remains. Stable isotope ratio analysis is viable for both treated and untreated remains, regardless of their origin.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Anthropology
Laura Tome, Eneko Iriartec, Antonio Blanco-Gonzalez, Margarita Jambrina-Enriquez, Natalia Eguez, Antonio V. Herrera-Herrera, Carolina Mallola
Summary: This paper presents the outcomes of a microcontextual geoarchaeological study conducted on earthen dwellings from the Early Iron Age village of Cerro de San Vicente. The study employed soil micromorphology, lipid biomarker analysis, XRD, and XRF analyses to investigate various aspects of the dwellings, including construction materials, site formation processes, and daily life practices. The results have shed light on the construction layers, floor use, maintenance, repaving, periods of abandonment and decay, and the presence of lipid biomarkers associated with dwelling functionality. The study significantly contributes to our understanding of ancient construction practices and the utilization of domestic spaces during the Early Iron Age.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2024)
