Article
Food Science & Technology
Simon A. Haughey, Olivier P. Chevallier, Claire McVey, Christopher T. Elliott
Summary: In 2019, Uganda experienced a series of food poisoning events and deaths due to the presence of Tropane alkaloids, atropine and scopolamine, in the Super Cereal. The investigation revealed that the alkaloids were present because Datura seeds were incorporated during production of the Super Cereal, with all outbreaks caused by a single batch of the product.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Henning Austermann, Frank Schaeffel, Ute Mathis, Verena Hund, Frank Musshoff, Focke Ziemssen, Sven Schnichels
Summary: Low-dose atropine eye drops have been shown to inhibit myopia in children and juveniles, but information on manufacturing and composition is lacking. A study on corneal penetration found that preservatives did not enhance the penetration of atropine, at least in an ex vivo setting.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lorena Gonzalez-Gomez, Judith Ganan, Sonia Morante-Zarcero, Damian Perez-Quintanilla, Isabel Sierra
Summary: This study investigated the occurrence of atropine and scopolamine in 51 commercial spices purchased in Portugal and Spain. More than half of the samples (67%) were contaminated with one or both analytes. Fennel, cloves, and coriander showed the highest concentrations.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Zhiwen Shi, Wenjin Zou, Zhiming Zhu, Ziwen Xiong, Shanying Li, Pan Dong, Zhenglin Zhu
Summary: Datura, belonging to the Solanaceae family, is known for its narcotic and analgesic effects in ancient China. It has wide distribution worldwide but can be harmful due to its poisoning and hallucinogenic effects. This plant plays a magical role in seed germination, plant growth, and has good effects against plant diseases, insects, and weeds. Its main active components, tmpane alkaloids, have diverse therapeutic effects on various diseases in humans and are also widely used in agriculture for insect and disease control.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gordana Kozelj, Helena Prosen
Summary: Intoxication caused by tropane alkaloids in plant material ingestion is common, and GC-MS is used for identification. Degradation of tropanes can occur at high inlet temperatures, but adjusting the temperature allows for detection and identification while minimizing degradation.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Gorica Vukovic, Tijana Stojanovic, Bojan Konstantinovic, Vojislava Bursic, Nikola Puvaca, Milena Popov, Natasa Samardzic, Aleksandra Petrovic, Dusan Marinkovic, Svetlana Roljevic Nikolic, Rada Durovic Pejcev, Bojana Spirovic Trifunovic
Summary: Cereal grains are important food resources and provide nourishment. Serbia is among the major exporters of wheat and corn in the world, but there are potential health hazards in maize products that need to be monitored.
Article
Food Science & Technology
J. Lamp, K. Knappstein, H-G Walte, T. Krause, P. Steinberg, C. Schwake-Anduschus
Summary: Tropane alkaloids are toxic secondary metabolites found in agricultural weeds, and the intake of food and feed contaminated with these alkaloids can lead to poisoning in humans and animals. This study investigated the transfer of tropane alkaloids into milk from dairy cows exposed to different dosages, and found that even at low dosage levels, these alkaloids could be detected in milk, indicating a potential risk for consumers.
Article
Plant Sciences
Sara Pourhabibian, Alireza Iranbakhsh, Mostafa Ebadi, Halimeh Hassanpour, Azadeh Hekmat
Summary: This study investigated the effects of clinorotation on the callus tissue of Hyoscyamus niger. The results showed that microgravity increased callus growth, tropane alkaloid production, gene expression, antioxidant capacity, and cellular defense responses.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ewelina Kowalczyk, Krzysztof Kwiatek
Summary: Tropane alkaloids (TAs) are natural plant toxins that pose a risk to animal and human health. Sensitive analytical methods are needed to ensure the safety of feed and food. A study found that scopolamine and atropine are commonly present in feed, with soybean meals being the most contaminated material.
FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Qin Wang, Seema Banerjee, ChungHim So, ChunTing Qiu, YingHon Sze, Thomas Chuen Lam, Chi-Ho To, Feng Pan
Summary: Low-dose atropine has been shown to effectively control myopia progression with minimal side effects. However, the impact of atropine on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) remains unclear. Direct application of atropine on the retina affected the light-evoked responses of ON and OFF alpha RGCs in a dose- and time-dependent manner, but lower concentrations did not disrupt synchronized firing patterns between RGCs.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
William Myles, Catherine Dunlop, Sally A. McFadden
Summary: Low-dose atropine can slow the progression of myopia in children, especially in the 'slow' progression group. However, rebound occurred in three-quarters of eyes after cessation of atropine. Adverse effects were observed in 69% of patients, with dilated pupils being more common in children with blue eyes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lijuan Xiong, Bin Zhou, Jamie L. Young, Kupper Wintergerst, Lu Cai
Summary: Cadmium exposure can induce testicular damage through ferroptosis, possibly due to iron accumulation and decreased expression of Nrf2, HO-1, SOD2, and SLC7A11.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Qi Zhou, Yui Sasaki, Kohei Ohshiro, Haonan Fan, Valentina Montagna, Carlo Gonzato, Karsten Haupt, Tsuyoshi Minami
Summary: This study proposes a chemical sensing approach using an extended-gate-type organic field-effect transistor (OFET) functionalized with a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for the selective detection of tropane alkaloid drugs. The MIP-OFET showed potential as a chemical sensor chip for over-the-counter (OTC) drugs.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Minghui Li, Yuxiao Zeng, Lingling Ge, Jing Gong, Chuanhuang Weng, Cao Yang, Junling Yang, Yajie Fang, Qiyou Li, Ting Zou, Haiwei Xu
Summary: This study utilizes human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal organoids (hESC-ROs) to assess the toxicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) on retinal development. The results show that low-level exposure to PBDEs leads to decreased retinal thickness and area, abnormal cell distributions, reduced cell proliferation, increased cell apoptosis, and abnormal differentiation. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis further reveal the impact of PBDEs on extracellular matrix organization and metabolism. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of the retinotoxicity of PBDEs during early human retinal development.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Robert T. Patry, Lauren Essler, Silke Andresen, Frederick D. Quinn, Christine M. Szymanski
Summary: In this study, it was demonstrated that training immune cells with small amounts of ganglioside-mimicking bacteria can potentially dampen the autoreactive proinflammatory immune response against Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS)-associated antigens. The study showed that individuals who have been exposed to the glycan mimics in small amounts are less sensitive to autoimmune reactions against these glycans, which could be a factor in determining susceptibility to GBS.