Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sheng Chen, Xinbao Wang, Zhiqiu Guo, Changjun Wu, Yongxiong Liu, Ya Liu, Xuping Su
Summary: This study investigated the effect of adding trace Si atoms on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and thermal performance of Sn-xBi-1Ag (x = 35, 37, 45, and 47 wt.%) solders. The impact of different Ag concentrations on the properties of Sn-xBi-Ag-0.5Si solders was also studied. The results showed that adding Bi to the solder alloys improved wettability and reduced tensile strength, microhardness, melting temperature, and melting range, while adding microcrystalline Si atoms improved tensile strength and microhardness without significantly affecting melting point and range.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hailan Ma, Bingge Zhao, Guanzhi Wu, Zhen Li, Yulai Gao
Summary: In this study, a SnBiAgIn solder alloy with lower melting temperature and outstanding mechanical properties was prepared. The alloy showed exceptional trade-off between strength and ductility, as well as a higher creep resistance. The addition of Ag facilitates the formation of intermetallic compounds and refinement of solidification structure, while the alloying of In induces solid solution softening effect to enhance both strength and ductility.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Tian-yu Zhang, Qing Cheng, Heng-yu Zhu, Qin-qin Wei, Xian-dong Xu
Summary: (Sn1-xZnx)57(In0.78Bi0.22)43 (x=0.10, 0.15, 0.20, at.%) quaternary alloys were designed and characterized for low temperature soldering in three-dimensional integrated circuit. The alloys consist of intermetallic compounds (IMCs), BiIn2, In0.2Sn0.8, and Zn-rich solid solution. The alloys exhibit low melting points and good wetting properties. A thin and tough Cu5Zn8 layer is formed at the solder joints, improving joint reliability. Designing solders through the multi-principal-element mixing concept effectively enhances welding performance.
TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hai Huang, Bin Chen, Xiaowu Hu, Xiongxin Jiang, Qinglin Li, Yinhui Che, Shuai Zu, Dingjun Liu
Summary: The effects of Bi additions on the properties of Sn-2Cu solder alloy were investigated. The addition of 5 wt% Bi improved the thermal properties, refined the microstructure, and increased the microhardness and tensile strength. Additionally, a dense passivation film formed on the alloy surface, providing excellent corrosion resistance.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
A. M. El-Taher, H. M. Abd Elmoniem, S. Mosaad
Summary: This study investigates the effects of cobalt microalloying addition on the microstructural features, thermal characteristics, and mechanical behavior of eutectic Sn-0.7wt%Cu lead-free solder alloys. The addition of cobalt refines the grain of beta-Sn, promotes the formation of fine fibers (Cu,Co)(6)Sn-5 phases, and prevents the formation of eta'-Cu6Sn5 phases. Precipitation strengthening mechanisms increase the ultimate tensile strength and Young's modulus of the alloy but decrease its ductility. Additionally, the inclusion of cobalt significantly affects the thermal characteristics and may have important implications for the reliability and performance of solder in electronic service.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
D. Zhou, A. S. M. A. Haseeb, A. Andriyana
Summary: This study investigates the effects of simultaneous additions of Bi, Sb and Ni to SAC 305 solder on the evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties of the solder under thermal aging. The results show that the multicomponent alloy has superior microstructural stability and improved mechanical strength at long aging time.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Zilong Wang, JiaCheng Zhou, Fang Liu, Yuqin Wu, Nu Yan
Summary: The purpose of this study is to investigate the microstructure and properties of Sn-3.5Ag and Sn-3.5Ag-0.5Sb lead-free solder alloys with and without a rotating magnetic field (RMF). The results showed that the application of RMF had a significant effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the solder alloys. The thermal characteristics of the alloys were also improved under the RMF.
SOLDERING & SURFACE MOUNT TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yulong Li, Wei Lin, Xuewen Li, Hua Ouyang
Summary: The effect of zinc on the microstructure, melting characteristics and mechanical properties of Sn-Bi-based lead-free solder was studied. The results show that zinc addition changes the microstructure of the solder, and also affects the melting temperature and mechanical properties.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pinar Ata Esener, Bilal Demirel, Sezen Aksoz
Summary: Efforts are being made to develop lead-free solders due to the threats lead poses to human and environmental health. There is an increasing search for alloys that can replace Sn-Pb, especially in electronics. This study investigates the changes in thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and melting behavior of Sn-9Zn-4Bi alloy with different additions of antimony (Sb) and indium (In). The results show that the addition of Sb and In increases the thermal and electrical conductivity values, with the alloys having the lowest transition temperature and the highest electron contribution.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xingguang Chen, Xue Ma, Yuan Deng, Pengfei Gao, Liangfeng Li
Summary: The study demonstrates that the addition of indium can significantly alter the microstructure of SAC357 alloys and has a notable impact on their melting point, hardness, and wettability.
PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Min Jeong Ha, Sangil Kim, Won Chul Cho, Jong-Min Kim, Byung-Seung Yim
Summary: A solderable polymer composite (SPC) was developed with a mixed filler of low-melting-point solder (LMPS) and high-melting-point solder (HMPS) to address bonding and reliability issues in an LMPS-filled SPC system. The potential for enhancing the mechanical bonding properties of SPC with LMPS/HMPS mixed fillers was investigated. Three types of SPCs with different LMPS/HMPS mixing ratios were prepared and tested for mechanical bonding properties using ball shear and microhardness tests. The SPC with an LMPS/HMPS mixed filler demonstrated improved mechanical bonding properties compared to Sn-58Bi solder paste and SPC with LMPS or HMPS alone due to changes in composition and microstructure transformation of the solder joint after adding HMPS.
MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hoda Pooshgan, Homam Naffakh-Moosavy
Summary: The addition of germanium to Sn5 wt% Sb-0.7 wt% Cu (SSC507) solder resulted in fine-graining and uniform distribution of intermetallic phases in the structure. Germanium additive significantly improved wettability properties and increased the microhardness of the alloys. It also improved the yield strength and the ultimate tensile strength of the alloys by modifying the microstructure.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Umair Ali, Hamza Khan, Muhammad Aamir, Khaled Giasin, Numan Habib, Muhammad Owais Awan
Summary: This study found that doping Bismuth into SAC305 can effectively refine microstructure, suppress the growth of intermetallic compounds, and improve mechanical properties. The best performance was observed with 3% Bismuth doping, which also resulted in a decrease in the melting temperature.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tianhan Hu, Shun Li, Zhen Li, Guanzhi Wu, Ping Zhu, Wufeng Dong, Yu Sun, Jiayi Zhou, Bingjia Wu, Bingge Zhao, Kai Ding, Yulai Gao
Summary: The microstructure and mechanical properties of Sn-Bi solder alloys with different additions of Ag and In were investigated. The results show that the tensile strength and ductility of the solder alloy can be greatly improved without sacrificing its plasticity. The addition of 0.4 wt.% Ag and 1.5 wt.% In to the Sn-Bi solder alloy results in the highest tensile strength of 79.7 MPa and elongation of 45.9%. The microstructure of the alloy is composed of Bi-rich and b-Sn phases, which are significantly refined with the addition of Ag and In. The improvement in mechanical properties is attributed to the strengthening effect of the precipitated-phase Ag3Sn and the refinement effect of In on the Bi-rich phase.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hoda Pooshgan, Homam Naffakh-Moosavy
Summary: The addition of germanium to lead-free solder alloys has significantly improved their physical and mechanical properties, including fine-graining, uniform distribution of intermetallic phases, improved wettability, increased microhardness, and improved yield and tensile strength.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
J. Zamora, T. Bautista, N. S. Portillo-Velez, A. Reyes-Montero, H. Pfeiffer, F. Sanchez-Ochoa, H. A. Lara-Garcia
Summary: Experimental and DFT studies were conducted on the structural, magnetic, and optical properties of RFeO3 perovskites. The perovskites exhibited an orthorhombic crystal structure and weak ferromagnetic behavior. They were confirmed to be semiconductors with a bandgap of approximately 2.1 eV.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xianxiang Lv, Jing Jin, Weiguang Yang
Summary: By depositing TiN and TiO2 surface layers on AlSi films, the electrochemical performance of silicon-based anodes can be significantly improved, suppressing volume expansion and promoting the formation of a stable SEI layer.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sharafat Ali, Haider Ali, Syedul Hasnain Bakhtiar, Sajjad Ali, Muhammad Zahid, Ahmed Ismail, Pir Muhammad Ismail, Amir Zada, Imran Khan, Huahai Shen, Rizwan Ullah, Habib Khan, Mohamed Bououdina, Xiaoqiang Wu, Fazal Raziq, Liang Qiao
Summary: The construction and optimization of redox-heterojunctions using a bifunctional phosphate as an electron-bridge demonstrated significant improvements in photo catalytic activity, including enhanced dispersion, reduced interfacial migration resistance, and increased abundance of active-sites.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ren-Ni Luan, Na Xu, Chao-Ran Li, Zhi-Jie Zhang, Yu-Sheng Zhang, Jun Nan, Shu-Tao Wang, Yong-Ming Chai, Bin Dong
Summary: Extensive research has revealed that oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline conditions involves dynamic surface restructuring. The development and design of sulfide/oxide pre-catalysts can reasonably adjust the composition and structure after surface reconstruction, which is crucial for OER. This study utilized a simple two-step hydrothermal method to achieve in situ S leaching and doping, inducing the composition change and structure reconstruction of CoFe oxides. The transformed FeOOH and CoOOH exhibited excellent OER activity and could be easily mass-produced using low-cost iron based materials and simple methods.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jun'an Lai, Daofu Wu, Peng He, Kang An, Yijia Wang, Peng Feng, WeiWei Chen, Zixian Wang, Linfeng Guo, Xiaosheng Tang
Summary: Zero-dimensional organic-inorganic metal halides (OMHs) are gaining attention in the fabrication of light-emitting diodes due to their broad emission band and high photoluminescence quantum yield. This work synthesized a zero-dimensional organic tetraphenylphosphonium bismuth chloride (TBC) that showed efficient blue light emission, with the emission mechanism attributed to the transition of Bi3+ ions. White light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) were fabricated using TBC, along with green-emitting and red-emitting single crystals, achieving single-component white emissions. These findings demonstrate the different emission mechanism of ns2 ions-based OMHs and highlight the potential of bismuth-based OMHs in WLEDs applications.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xuewei Liang, Yunhai Su, Taisen Yang, Zhiyong Dai, Yingdi Wang, Xingping Yong
Summary: The revolutionary design concept of high-entropy alloys has brought new opportunities and challenges to the development of advanced metal materials. In this work, AlCrCuFe2NiTix high-entropy flux cored wires were prepared by combining the design idea of a high-entropy alloy with the characteristics of flux cored wire. AlCr-CuFe2NiTix high-entropy surfacing alloys were prepared using gas metal arc welding technology. The wear properties of the alloys were analyzed, and the phase composition, microstructure, strengthening mechanism, and wear mechanism were discussed. The results show that the alloys exhibit a dendritic microstructure with BCC/B2 + FCC phases. Increasing Ti content leads to the precipitation of Laves phase. The alloys show improved microhardness and wear resistance due to the precipitation of coherent B2 and Laves phases. However, excessive Ti addition results in the increase of Laves phase and reduced wear resistance of the alloys.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Vadivel, M. Senthil Pandian, P. Ramasamy, Qiang Jing, Bo Liu
Summary: This work presents the enhanced photocatalytic and electrochemical performance of g-C3N4 assisted PAA on CoFe2O4 ternary nanocomposites. The incorporation of PAA and g-C3N4 improves the separation efficiency of photogenerated charge carriers, resulting in superior photocatalytic degradation and high specific capacitance values.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Vibhu T. Sivanandan, Ramany Revathy, Arun S. Prasad
Summary: In this study, pure and doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were prepared using the sol-gel auto-combustion method with the aid of lemon juice as eco-fuel. The crystal structure, lattice parameter, crystallite size, microstrain, optical parameters, and room temperature magnetic properties of the samples were analyzed. The effect of doping on the magnetic properties was also investigated.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qing Guo, Bowen Zhang, Benzhe Sun, Yang Qi
Summary: This study prepared ZnO films with various nonpolar preferred orientations using conventional chemical bath deposition method and characterized their growth process and mechanism. It was found that the type and concentration of nitrate could control the preferred orientation and surface roughness of ZnO films. Additionally, ZnO films with different preferred orientations exhibited different optical properties.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chong Zhang, Yan Liu, Zhaoyan Wang, Hang Yang
Summary: In this study, six bimetallic FeCo particles were synthesized via the hydrothermal method at different Fe:Co ratios. The Fe:Co ratio not only modulates the composition of the particles but also influences their structure and magnetic properties. The FeCo alloys showed a transformation from an Fe-based structure to a Co-based structure with increasing Co content. The Fe:Co ratio of 1:1 and 3:1 resulted in particles with the highest and lowest saturation magnetization, respectively.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jianning Zhang, Jing Li, Yiren Wang, Xiaodong Mao, Yong Jiang
Summary: We conducted a study on the formation of ultra-fine Y-Ti-Ta-O nano-oxides in Ta+B micro-alloyed 13CrWTi-ODS alloys using electron microscopy and first-principles calculations. The Y-Ti-Ta-O nano-oxides were found to be mainly Y2(Ti,Ta)2O7, with an average size of 7 nm and a number density of 6.8 x 1023 m-3. Excess boron was found to enhance the adhesion of some low-sigma grain boundaries but weaken the Fe/Y2Ti2O7 interface, while excess tantalum enhanced the Fe/Y2Ti2O7 interface but caused serious degradation of grain boundaries.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yirong Fang, Pei Cheng, Hang Yuan, Hao Zhao, Lishu Zhang
Summary: A new composite system of nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide and black phosphorus quantum dots has been developed for tumor therapy, showing improved electrochemical properties and stability. The system generates hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical to effectively kill tumor cells.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiufang Qin, Yuanli Ma, Hui Zhang, Ting Zhang, Fang Wang, Xiaohong Xu
Summary: The structure and magnetism of cobalt ferrites after Mn2+-Tb3+ co-doping were studied. Co-doped samples exhibited cubic spinel structure and spherical shape of ferrite nanoparticles. The redistribution of Co2+ and Fe3+ ions between octahedral and tetrahedral sites was observed due to Mn2+-Tb3+ co-doping. The coercivity and magnetization saturation of co-doped samples were significantly improved, leading to a maximum energy product that is 190% higher than that of the un-doped sample.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ho Yeon Lee, Wonjong Yu, Yoon Ho Lee
Summary: Recently, there has been an increasing interest in developing ultra-fine nanostructured electrodes with extensive reaction areas to enhance the performance and low-temperature operation of solid oxide fuel cells. The use of a refined approach involving co-sputtering metal alloys and oxide targets has demonstrated the feasibility of nano-columnar structures in perovskite-based electrodes, expanding the temperature range of thin film electrodes. This study systematically examines the effects of chamber pressure control in the co-sputtering process and identifies the intricate relationship between sputtering pressure and film structure. By fine-tuning the columnar growth in the electrode, significant improvements in performance and thermo-mechanical properties were achieved, resulting in high-performance all-sputtered solid oxide fuel cells.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qianyun Bai, Xiaoxiao Yan, Da Liu, Kang Xiang, Xin Tu, Yanhui Guo, Renbing Wu
Summary: This study proposes a simple method to develop a non-precious transition metal-based electrocatalyst with high catalytic activity and robustness for the hydrogen evolution reaction. The as-synthesized electrode exhibits a low overpotential and high current density, indicating its potential in energy conversion.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2024)