Article
Fisheries
B. Hart, R. Schurr, N. Narendranath, A. Kuehnle, S. M. Colombo
Summary: The study demonstrates that whole cell Schizochytrium sp. (Sc) offers a highly digestible (98%) source of PUFAs and protein, without the need for oil extraction or cell disruption.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Amalie Moxness Reksten, Quang Tri Ho, Ole Jakob Nostbakken, Maria Wik Markhus, Marian Kjellevold, Annbjorg Bokevoll, Rita Hannisdal, Livar Froyland, Lise Madsen, Lisbeth Dahl
Summary: The changes in the feed of farmed Atlantic salmon have affected the nutritional value of the fish, with a decrease of over 60% in the contents of EPA and DHA. However, farmed Atlantic salmon still remains an important source of EPA, DHA, protein, selenium, vitamin B-12, and vitamin D-3.
Article
Fisheries
Morten Omholt Alver, Martin Fore, Jo Arve Alfredsen
Summary: The research team developed a mathematical model based on the advection-diffusion equation to predict dissolved oxygen levels in fish sea cages. The model was tested in a large production unit and performed well, but may require more detailed information on fish behavior and current conditions within the cages to improve accuracy.
Article
Immunology
Juan Pablo Pontigo, Carla Espinoza, Mauricio Hernandez, Guillermo Nourdin, Cristian Oliver, Ruben Avendano-Herrera, Jaime Figueroa, Cecilia Rauch, Jose M. Troncoso, Luis Vargas-Chacoff, Alejandro J. Yanez
Summary: Developing an effective and economical vaccine against Piscirickettsia salmonis is crucial for sustainable salmon farming. One vaccine prototype effectively protected Atlantic salmon by inducing specific antibodies and pro-inflammatory cytokines, while the other two activated innate immune responses but did not provide protection. Understanding the protein formulation of vaccines based on P. salmonis is essential for improving immune responses and disease resistance in Atlantic salmon.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Signe Dille Lovmo, Henrik Sundh, Paul Whatmore, Malene Fosse Nordvi, Trygve Sigholt, Angelico Madaro, Tora Bardal, Rolf Erik Olsen
Summary: The study found that feeding Atlantic salmon a high EPA diet improved intestinal health, while low HUFA fed fish had lower energy utilization. Chronic stress led to intestinal barrier damage and inflammation.
Article
Immunology
Haitham Tartor, Marius Karlsen, Rasmus Skern-Mauritzen, Aderito Luis Monjane, Charles McLean Press, Christer Wiik-Nielsen, Rolf Hetlelid Olsen, Lisa Marie Leknes, Karine Yttredal, Bjorn Erik Brudeseth, Soren Grove
Summary: This study examined the immunogenicity and protective effect of a vaccine against Lepeophtheirus salmonis infestation in Atlantic salmon. The results showed that the vaccine can provide protection against salmon lice infestation, and the level of protection is dose-dependent. The study also found that the vaccine can trigger a specific immune response in vaccinated fish and result in the production of specific antibodies. These findings suggest the potential of using the parasite's feeding behavior to deliver salmon-specific antibodies against lice-gut proteins.
Article
Neurosciences
Francesca Vacca, Ana S. Gomes, Koji Murashita, Raffella Cinquetti, Cristina Roseti, Amilcare Barca, Ivar Ronnestad, Tiziano Verri, Elena Bossi
Summary: Two slc15a2-type genes were identified in the Atlantic salmon genome, encoding PepT2-type peptide transporters. While slc15a2a transcripts are widely distributed in fish tissues, abundant in the brain and gills, slc15a2b transcripts are mainly expressed in the kidney and distal gastrointestinal tract. Both PepT2a and PepT2b function as high-affinity transporters.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tormod Haraldstad, Thrond O. Haugen, Esben M. Olsen, Torbjorn Forseth, Erik Hoglund
Summary: Renewable energy projects like hydropower plants contribute to meeting energy demands and mitigating climate change, but they can alter environments and impact fish migration conditions, affecting population adaptations. Monitoring Atlantic salmon smolts at a hydropower plant showed that behavioral traits influenced their choice between fish passage and turbine intake during migration, with potential implications for genetic diversity and future challenges.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Eivind Molversmyr, Hanne Marie Devle, Carl Fredrik Naess-Andresen, Dag Ekeberg
Summary: The fatty acid profiles of wild and farmed Atlantic salmon and salmon feed were analyzed and compared. The muscle of farmed salmon contained four times more fat than wild salmon, and the fatty acid composition differed between the two. The overall nutritional profile was found to be more beneficial in wild Atlantic salmon.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Danixa Martinez, Ricardo Oyarzun-Salazar, Ana Maria Quilapi, Jose Coronado, Ricardo Enriquez, Carolina Vargas-Lagos, Cristian Oliver, Natacha Santibanez, Marcos Godoy, Jose Luis Munoz, Luis Vargas-Chacoff, Alex Romero
Summary: This study evaluated the activation of nutritional immunity in Atlantic salmon stimulated with live and inactivated Piscirickettsia salmonis. The results showed that both live and inactivated P. salmonis could activate nutritional immunity, and there was no distinction between the two. Genetic material of P. salmonis was detected in the liver tissue of the fish. The hematocrit percentage decreased in fish stimulated with live P. salmonis, while it remained unchanged in fish stimulated with inactivated P. salmonis. Plasma iron content decreased in both experimental groups, but the decrease was statistically significant only at 3 dpi. Immune-nutritional markers were modulated in both experimental conditions, while other markers were down-regulated. Intracellular iron content increased in the liver at 7 and 14 dpi, while zinc content decreased at 14 dpi in both experimental groups. However, manganese content was not altered by the stimulation. These findings suggest that nutritional immunity responds similarly to live and inactivated P. salmonis, and may be self-activated by the detection of PAMPs rather than a sequestration and/or competition of micronutrients by the living microorganism.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Cecilie Sviland Walde, Marit Stormoen, Jostein Mulder Pettersen, David Persson, Magnus Vikan Rosaeg, Britt Bang Jensen
Summary: Infestations with salmon lice and the management of these lice pose significant challenges and costs in marine salmonid aquaculture. Treatment against salmon lice, particularly non-medicinal methods, can lead to stress and physical injuries in Atlantic salmon, resulting in reduced appetite and increased mortality. This study analyzed production data from Norwegian aquaculture companies to estimate the short-term growth loss of Atlantic salmon following different treatments for salmon lice removal. The results showed that non-medicinal treatments had a greater negative impact on growth compared to medicinal treatments, and the timing of treatment played a role in the treatment outcome.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Bibbi Maria Kallay Hjelle, Albert Kjartan Dagbjartarson Imsland, Pablo Vigo Balseiro, Sigurd Olav Handeland
Summary: The AcuLice system, which uses a composite acoustic sound image, has been shown to effectively reduce the number of salmon lice on Atlantic salmon without causing additional stress to the fish.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
E. Svendsen, M. Fore, L. L. Randeberg, R. E. Olsen, B. Finstad, M. Remen, N. Bloecher, J. A. Alfredsen
Summary: Understanding the tolerance limits of fish is important for aquaculture operations. Recent advances in technology have enabled the measurement of physiological responses in farmed Atlantic salmon. Two experiments were conducted to enable pulse oximetry for fish and to quantify changes in SpO2 under different conditions. The results extend the scope of physiological measurements feasible in fish farming, allowing for a better understanding of fish welfare.
COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
C. Klykken, A. K. Reed, A. S. Dalum, R. E. Olsen, M. K. Moe, K. J. K. Attramadal, L. Boissonnot
Summary: There is a growing concern for fish health and welfare in the salmon industry in Norway. The study found that nephrocalcinosis, characterized by mineral deposits in the kidneys, is common and varies in severity among Atlantic salmon. Most fish had mild forms of nephrocalcinosis with minimal tissue damage, while severely affected fish showed almost complete loss of kidney structure. Mineral deposits mainly consisted of amorphous carbonate apatite, and fish with nephrocalcinosis also exhibited imbalances in plasma chemistry, indicating disturbed osmoregulation and increased stress levels.
Article
Fisheries
Malene Fosse Nordvi, Signe Dille Lovmo, Ingeborg Hollekim Bringslid, Paul Whatmore, Henrik Sundh, Kjell Inge Reitan, Finn Lillelund Aachmann, Rolf Erik Olsen
Summary: Using functional feed ingredients, such as fucoidans from marine macroalgae, can enhance the intestinal health and immune regulation of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). In this trial, Atlantic salmon post-smolts were fed diets with different levels of fucoidan to alleviate low-level intestinal inflammation caused by a soya diet. The addition of fucoidan improved intestinal integrity and reduced inflammation in the hind intestine of the fish.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Marie H. Deventer, Katleen Van Uytfanghe, Inge M. J. Vinckier, Fabiano Reniero, Claude Guillou, Christophe P. Stove
Summary: In recent years, countries have implemented measures to control the increase of new synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) in the recreational drug market. China implemented a new legislation in July 2021, banning SCRAs with seven core scaffolds. This study reports on the potency and efficacy of five members of a new class of SCRAs, providing important information for public health officials, law enforcement agencies, and clinicians.
DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Jose Manuel Munoz-Redondo, Jose Carlos Montenegro, Jose Manuel Moreno-Rojas
Summary: The demand for organic food products has increased in recent years due to consumer perception of them being healthier, safer, and eco-friendlier, which has led to the development of this industry. However, the higher price of organic products increases the risk of fraud, necessitating the establishment of control mechanisms for authentication. Despite numerous analytical attempts, the authentication of organic foodstuffs remains a challenge that requires further research.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Isabel Velasco-Ruiz, Elsy De Santiago, Jose Luis Ordonez-Diaz, Gema Pereira-Caro, Jose Manuel Moreno-Rojas
Summary: The impact of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and colonic fermentation on polyphenol compounds from different varieties of pistachio was evaluated by UHPLC-HRMS analysis. The total polyphenol content significantly decreased during oral and gastric digestion, while there were no significant changes after the intestinal phase. In vitro digestion revealed that hydroxybenzoic acids and flavan-3-ols were the main compounds in pistachios. Colonic fermentation affected the total phenolic content, and several catabolites were identified after fecal fermentation. These catabolites may contribute to the health properties attributed to pistachio consumption.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Monica Sanchez-Parra, Jose L. Ordonez-Diaz, Jesus Perez-Aparicio, Jose M. Moreno-Rojas
Summary: Dry-cured tuna, known as mojama in Spain, undergoes a traditional salting-drying process that brings changes to its physicochemical, biochemical, and microbiological parameters. The processing steps affect the physicochemical parameters, except for total acidity and pH. Water activity value and relative moisture percentage decrease, while water-holding capacity increases during salting and drying. Lipid oxidation and total volatile basic nitrogen values increase, indicating changes in flavor and protein degradation. Microbiological analysis confirms that the dry-cured tuna meets the regulation standards for dry-cured fish products.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jose Manuel Munoz-Redondo, Belen Puertas, Manuel Jose Valcarcel-Munoz, Raquel Rodriguez-Solana, Jose Manuel Moreno-Rojas
Summary: Brand stabilization is crucial to remove suspended particles causing turbidity in brandies and affecting their stability, characteristics, and perception of quality. Ethyl esters of long-chain fatty acids are believed to be the main cause of haze formation. This study compares the influence of traditional stabilization at room temperature for 1 year and cold stabilization at -10 degrees C for 7 days on the ester profile of Brandy de Jerez. Traditional stabilization had the most distinct impact on the ester profile, while cold stabilization had a lower impact. Both methods significantly reduced ethyl esters of long-chain fatty acids responsible for haze formation.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alicia Moreno-Ortega, Gema Pereira-Caro, Iziar A. Ludwig, Maria-Jose Motilva, Jose Manuel Moreno-Rojas
Summary: By using UHPLC-HRMS, this study identified and quantified 33 OSCs excreted in urine 24 h after the consumption of 20 g of black garlic. The main OSCs were methiin, isoalliin, S-(2-carboxypropyl)-L-cysteine, and S-propyl-L-cysteine. Metabolites such as NASAC, NASACS, and NACPC derived from SAC, alliin, and S-(2-carboxypropyl)-L-cysteine were also detected. The total excretion of OSCs after the ingestion of black garlic was 64,312 +/- 26,584 nmol.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Cyntia Yadira Erazo Solorzano, Vincenzo Disca, Jose Manuel Munoz-Redondo, Diego Armando Tuarez Garcia, Monica Sanchez-Parra, Manuel Danilo Carrilo Zenteno, Jose Manuel Moreno-Rojas, Raquel Rodriguez-Solana
Summary: This study investigated the effect of different drying techniques on the volatile profile of cocoa. The results showed that the drying process significantly modified the volatile compounds of cocoa, with different cocoa varieties showing different effects. The use of black plastic sheeting for sun drying may be a potential method to accelerate the drying process and maintain or improve the aromatic quality of cocoa.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Caitlyn Norman, Marie H. Deventer, Olivia Dremann, Robert Reid, Katleen Van Uytfanghe, Claude Guillou, Inge M. J. Vinckier, Niamh Nic Daeid, Alex Krotulski, Christophe P. Stove
Summary: The rapidly evolving synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist (SCRA) market poses significant challenges for forensic scientists. A new SCRA compound, CH-PIATA, with new structural features, has emerged. This study describes the detection of CH-PIATA in the United States, Belgium, and Scottish prisons in 2022. Metabolites of CH-PIATA were identified, and the harm potential of this substance was evaluated.
DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Gema Pereira-Caro, Salud Caceres-Jimenez, Letizia Bresciani, Pedro Mena, Tahani M. Almutairi, Sara Dobani, L. Kirsty Pourshahidi, Chris I. R. Gill, Jose Manuel Moreno Rojas, Michael N. Clifford, Alan Crozier
Summary: This study investigated the phenolic catabolites excreted by fasting subjects with a functioning colon and ileostomists on a low (poly)phenol diet. The results showed that the potential sources of these substances include endogenous catecholamines, surplus tyrosine and phenylalanine, and catabolites derived from pre-study intakes of non-nutrient dietary (poly)phenols.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCES AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Salud Caceres-Jimenez, Raquel Rodriguez-Solana, Sara Dobani, Kirsty Pourshahidi, Chris Gill, Joseï Manuel Moreno-Rojas, Tahani M. Almutairi, Alan Crozier, Gema Pereira-Caro
Summary: After consuming 300 g of mango puree, the urine and plasma samples of 10 subjects were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. The study identified or tentatively identified a total of 94 microbial-derived phenolic catabolites in the biological samples. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the UHPLC-HRMS protocol and the use of authentic standards in studying the metabolites of mango polyphenols in human bioavailability.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Debora Villano, Javier Marhuenda, Raul Arcusa, Jose Manuel Moreno-Rojas, Begona Cerda, Gema Pereira-Caro, Pilar Zafrilla
Summary: The study suggests that long-term consumption of black garlic may improve endothelial function and lipid profile, which could have a favorable impact on the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Giovanni Vedel, Eva de la Pena, Jose Manuel Moreno-Rojas, Juan Carranza
Summary: Stable isotope analysis is a useful technique for studying various aspects of wildlife behavior, but there is limited information on how nutritional stress and intrasexual competition affect the assimilation of isotopes. This study evaluated the impact of intrasexual competition on the stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen in feces of male red deer. The results suggest that high intrasexual competition is associated with lower ΔN-15 values in feces. This study highlights the potential of isotopic analysis in understanding protein usage and intrasexual competition in wildlife.
Article
Plant Sciences
Diego Armando Tuarez-Garcia, Hugo Galvan-Gamez, Cyntia Yadira Erazo Solorzano, Carlos Edison Zambrano, Raquel Rodriguez-Solana, Gema Pereira-Caro, Monica Sanchez-Parra, Jose M. Moreno-Rojas, Jose L. Ordonez-Diaz
Summary: Bananas are tropical fruits with high nutritional value. Traditional Ecuadorian heating treatments were evaluated to understand their effects on the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of bananas. The study identified 68 phenolic compounds in both raw and treated bananas. Heating processes significantly decreased the phenolic compound content and antioxidant activity, with the highest reduction observed in baked samples. Flavan-3-ols and flavonols were the most affected phenolic groups, while flavanones and hydroxybenzoic acids showed higher stability. Despite the modifications induced by heating, bananas remain an important source of bioactive compounds for consumers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alicia Moreno-Ortega, Iziar A. Ludwig, Maria-Jose Motilva, Jose Manuel Moreno-Rojas, Gema Pereira-Caro
Summary: This study monitored the excretion of organosulfur compounds (OSCs) in urine after acute ingestion of black onion. A total of 31 OSCs were detected, with the main components being methiin, isoalliin, and deoxypropiin. N-acetylated metabolites of the major OSCs were also found in urine. This study provides the basis for further research on the metabolism of OSCs after black onion consumption.
Article
Plant Sciences
Cyntia Yadira Erazo Solorzano, Diego Armando Tuarez Garcia, Carlos Edison Zambrano, Jose Manuel Moreno-Rojas, Raquel Rodriguez Solana
Summary: This study evaluated the volatile profile of Ecuadorian cocoa beans during traditional fermentation and drying processes. The results showed that the content of ester and acid compounds increased during fermentation, and the content of acid compounds notably increased during drying. Different cocoa bean varieties exhibited variations in chemical composition, with ETT103 having higher volatile compounds and lower unfavorable acid compound contents, while CCN-51 and LR14 had the highest acid content at the end of primary processing.
