Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yu Tang, Yunke Bi, Hao Wei, Zhongyu Hou, Zi Wang
Summary: A general method for improving the dynamic range of electrochemical sensing devices based on 3D porous electrodes through morphological optimization has been introduced. By increasing the array height of 3D-pSi, the electrochemical active surface area (EASA) was raised and linear range of detection of H2O2 was expanded, making it crucial for the fast detection of high concentrations of H2O2 in scenarios such as fuel cells and catalytic oxygen reduction reaction systems.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fedor Ptashchenko
Summary: This study investigates the reactions that can occur on hydrogenated silicon surfaces in aqueous solutions of HF under the influence of both negative and positive ionic complexes using quantum-chemical calculations. It was revealed that the H -> F substitution reaction has a high energy barrier, making classical electrochemical dissolution of silicon unlikely. Additionally, it was found that barrier-free reactions of direct fluorination can occur on certain silicon faces, shedding light on the mechanism of silicon etching and the factors affecting the rate of electrochemical etching of silicon.
COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Electrochemistry
Jia-Chuan Lin, Yi-Cheng Liu, Shan-Heng Lu, Hsu-Nan Yen, Kalpana Settu
Summary: A high specific capacitance porous silicon-based capacitive structure was fabricated using three-dimensional electrochemical etching. Nano-scale graphene was embedded into the surface pores of the porous silicon to improve contact. The increase in specific capacitance due to laser trenches was positively correlated with the extent of lateral etching.
ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ayah A. Hafez, Magdy M. Mohammed, I. H. Ibrahim, G. M. Youssef
Summary: A porous silicon non-enzymatic sensor (Ag/Ps/Si/Ag) was prepared using galvanostatic electrochemical etching, with optical measurements and morphological analysis revealing its suitability for detecting glucose concentrations.
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yingying Jiang, Lu Wang, Michel Meunier, Utkur Mirsaidov
Summary: Porous alloy nanomaterials are important for various applications, and the evolution of individual AuAg alloy NPs during chemical and electrochemical etching processes is tracked using in situ liquid phase transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical etching method produces NPs with more uniform pore sizes and allows for tuning the NPs porosity by modulating the electrochemical potential. The formation of an Au-rich passivation layer on the surface of NPs at initial stages of etching is critical in preserving the NP's porous shell as pores form underneath this layer during the etching process.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Zi Wang, Yunke Bi
Summary: By converting silicon nanowire arrays into three-dimensional porous silicon frameworks, the integration of Pd nanoparticles with anisotropic silicon porous structures can be enhanced, leading to improved surface coverage and increased electrochemical active surface area. This morphological evolution also results in a higher upper limit of linear range for detecting H2O2.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
M. Alejandra Mazo, Maria T. Colomer, Aitana Tamayo, Juan Rubio
Summary: Novel hierarchical micro-meso-macroporous fluorine-doped silicon oxycarbide derived materials were obtained through HF etching and pyrolysis, showing good electrochemical performance and potential applications as electrodes for supercapacitors in the field of energy storage.
MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ana Carolina Fernandes da Silva, Luiz Angelo Berni
Summary: Porous silicon, discovered in the mid-1950s, has various applications and is being studied as black silicon to reduce silicon surface reflectance. The study produced samples with varying refractive indexes and found that samples with six layers of refractive index ranging from 1.4 to 2.4 achieved the best results with a reflectance of 5%. The influence of porous layer thickness on reflectance profile was also observed.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hong Zhang, Feng Li, Shidong Wang, Lisheng Zhong
Summary: The study found that an appropriate thickness of oxide layer on the silicon surface promotes uniform growth of pyramidal nuclei in monocrystalline silicon solar cells, leading to a more even distribution of pyramid sizes and reduced surface reflectivity.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kirill A. Gonchar, Daniil Moiseev, Ivan Bozhev, Liubov A. Osminkina
Summary: Porous silicon nanowires (PSi NWs) were fabricated using a two step metal-assisted chemical etching method, and it was found that their structural and optical properties depend on the concentration of hydrogen peroxide. The thickness ratio of layers and size of nanocrystals can be tuned by choosing the required concentration of H2O2.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alper Cetinel
Summary: In this study, cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanostructures on porous silicon (PSi) were successfully obtained by an electrochemical deposition method, and the effects of current density and deposition time on the structural and optical characteristics of the PSi/Cu2O nanostructures were investigated. The results showed that the shape of Cu2O nanostructures was predominantly truncated octahedral and pyramid, with their size increasing with longer deposition times and higher current densities. Additionally, the samples exhibited rectifier properties and behaved like a typical p-n junction diode, with the smallest ideality factor and series resistance observed in the sample prepared at 0.5 mA/cm2 for 60 minutes.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Xiao Zhang, Qianhui Wei, Hongbin Zhao, Feng Wei, Tengfei Li
Summary: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important gas messenger in the human body and its real-time monitoring is crucial for clinical diagnoses and research. In this study, a high-efficient electrochemical sensor was developed using Pt-modified copper oxide (Pt-CuO) as the electrocatalyst. The sensor exhibited remarkable detection performance for H2S as well as selectivity for other gases. The sensor was also successfully applied to monitor H2S released from stem cells. The findings demonstrate the great potential of the Pt-CuO-based electrochemical sensor in clinical applications and understanding the role of H2S in biological processes.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yuqiuhan Zhang, Tycho Zimmermann, Wolf-Dieter Mueller, Frank Witte, Florian Beuer, Andreas Schwitalla
Summary: This study aims to describe the degradation process of magnesium and magnesium alloys through electrochemical measurements, assess its predictability, and investigate the effect of adding silver on the degradation process.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Lei Zhang, Kai Gao, Zhou Zeng, Kai Wang, Chengxiang Zhao, Daohan Ge, Liqiang Zhang
Summary: This experiment studied the electrochemical etching of P-type monocrystal silicon in a mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid (HF) and dimethylformamide (DMF). By applying this method, high-aspect-ratio and high etching rate porous silicon was successfully obtained. Photolithographic treatment and further electrochemical etching led to the fabrication of high-aspect-ratio regular-array P-type porous silicon. This method is significant for the design of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) that require high-aspect-ratio silicon structures.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Xi Yang, Fengshuo Xi, Xiuhua Chen, Shaoyuan Li, Xiaohan Wan, Wenhui Ma, Peng Dong, Jianguo Duan, Yuanchih Chang
Summary: The study systematically examined the relationship between preparation conditions, nanostructure, and cracking behavior of PSi surface. It was found that the preparation conditions and nanostructure influenced the cracking behavior, while the extent of cracking was controlled by the porosity of the material.
Article
Optics
Y. A. N. S. H. U. Zeng, J. I. N. G. W. E. I. Lv, H. A. I. H. A. O. Fu, X. I. A. N. W. E. N. Wu, L. I. N. Yang, W. E. Liu, Z. A. O. Yi, Q. I. A. N. G. Liu, C. H. U. N. J. I. E. Hu, Y. A. N. Lv, Paul K. Chu, C. H. A. O. Liu
Summary: In this work, a photonic crystal fiber sensor based on HE1,1 mode excited surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is designed and analyzed by the finite element method. It exhibits a maximum wavelength sensitivity of 24,600 nm/RIU, optimal resolution of 4.07 x 10-6 RIU, and amplitude sensitivity of 1164.13 RIU-1 for the refractive index range between 1.29 and 1.39. The sensor has excellent properties and wide application prospects in bimolecular and biochemical sensing, environmental monitoring, food safety, and other fields.
JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shixiong Mei, Ben Xiang, Siguang Guo, Jiaguo Deng, Jijiang Fu, Xuming Zhang, Yang Zheng, Biao Gao, Kaifu Huo, Paul K. Chu
Summary: Silicon (Si) has the potential to replace graphite in next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high specific capacity, abundant reserve, and low cost. However, the poor rate performance and short lifespan of Si anodes are still major challenges due to the unstable electrode/electrolyte interface and low ion/electron conductivity. In this study, a mixed ion/electron conducting interlayer (MIECI) consisting of LiF and Li-Mg alloy is formed in situ from an intermediate MgF2 layer to stabilize the electrode/electrolyte interface. The p-Si@MgF2 anode with the MIECI shows excellent cycling stability and superior rate capacity, demonstrating the potential of this interfacial modification and engineering strategy for Si anodes in LIBs.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bin Wang, Xingwang Zhu, Fangcheng Huang, Yu Quan, Gaopeng Liu, Xiaolin Zhang, Fangyu Xiong, Chao Huang, Mengxia Ji, Huaming Li, Paul K. Chu, Jiexiang Xia
Summary: 2D BiOCl porous nanosheets (BOC-PNS), prepared by triblock polymer (F127) assisted mechanical ball milling, possess a (001) main exposed plane and a porous structure increasing the edge (110) facet. The (001)/(110) heterojunction enhances directional migration and separation of photogenerated carriers. Under simulated sunlight, the CO yield of BOC-PNS is significantly enhanced by the rich edge confinement effect, reaching 28.2 μmol g-1 h-1, which is 2.1 and 2.8 times that of BOC nanosheets (13.5 μmol g-1 h-1) and nanoplates (9.9 μmol g-1 h-1), respectively.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
F. Sourani, K. Raeissi, M. H. Enayati, Paul K. Chu, H. R. SalimiJazi
Summary: An adherent black coating was deposited on the Zr-2.5Nb alloy substrate by thermal oxidation to simultaneously improve its mechanical, corrosion, and tribo-corrosion properties for biomedical applications. The corrosion resistance and frictional properties in the phosphate-buffered saline solution significantly improved after oxidation at 523°C for 4 hours. The formation of monoclinic and tetragonal ZrO2 and Nb2O5 phases in the black coating was confirmed by XRD patterns and Raman spectra.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tongyu Shi, Wenjun Liu, Jiongtao Zhu, Xiongsheng Fan, Zhengyu Zhang, Xingchen He, Rui He, Jiahong Wang, Kezhen Chen, Yongshuai Ge, Xiangming Sun, Yanliang Liu, Paul K. Chu, Xue-Feng Yu
Summary: In this study, CsPbBr3 micro-bricks powder with a cubic shape and high crystallinity was prepared using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at room temperature. The CsPbBr3-DMSO adduct formed during the process, and when subjected to hot isostatic processing, the released DMSO vapor facilitated the formation of a compact and dense CsPbBr3 wafer with excellent charge transport properties. The CsPbBr3 wafer exhibited high sensitivity, low detection limit, and robust stability in X-ray detection, making it a promising material for high-contrast X-ray detection.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Manshan Xie, Yunhua Chen, Qingtao Li, Runlin Zhang, Wenzhi Bi, Yong-Guang Jia, Paul K. Chu, Huaiyu Wang, Xuetao Shi
Summary: A nano-enabled supramolecular hydrogel sealant based on complementary DNA duplexes combined with multiple physicochemical crosslinks is designed and demonstrated. This supramolecular sealant exhibits excellent dynamic reversibility, low swelling, and wet adhesive properties. It can achieve rapid sealing of damaged tissues, blood coagulation, as well as hemostasis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuanyuan He, Fanwu Gong, Tao Jin, Qi Liu, Haopeng Fang, Yan Chen, Guomin Wang, Paul K. Chu, Zhengwei Wu, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov
Summary: Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) can induce apoptosis, necrosis, and other biological responses in tumor cells by generating reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS). However, the different responses observed in vitro and in vivo CAP treatments are poorly understood. This study reveals and explains the doses of plasma-generated ROS/RNS and immune system-related responses in a case study of CAP interactions with colon cancer cells in vitro and with the corresponding tumor in vivo.
Article
Optics
Yudan Sun, Wenshu Lu, Qiang Liu, Jingwei Lv, Shengnan Tai, Mingzhu Han, Paul K. Chu, Chao Liu
Summary: A novel photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based on silica is designed to support stable transmission of orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes. Numerical analysis shows that the PCF can support over 134 OAM modes in a broad wavelength range of 1200-2000 nm, with large effective mode area, low confinement loss, and suitable nonlinear coefficients. These excellent properties make the PCF highly promising for ultra-high capacity OAM mode division multiplexing in fiber communication systems.
JOURNAL OF OPTICS-INDIA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Siguang Guo, Changhao Wei, Lei Wang, Shixiong Mei, Ben Xiang, Yang Zheng, Xuming Zhang, Mehran Javanbakht, Biao Gao, Paul K. Chu, Kaifu Huo
Summary: This study reports micro-sized porous bulk bismuth particles caged by carbon (P-Bi/C) with micro-and nanoscale elements as anodes for sodium-ion batteries. Bicontinuous nanopores provide buffer spaces to accommodate volume expansion of bismuth during cycling, while interconnected bismuth nanoligaments maintain excellent electrochemical stability. Moreover, the reversible formation of NaBi and hexagonal Na3Bi phases with high sodium-ion diffusivity enables fast electron and ion transport. The P-Bi/C anode exhibits a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 95.2%, a high rate capability of 153.2 mAh g-1 at 150C (1C = 400 mA g-1), and excellent cycling stability for over 20,000 cycles. This work aims to advance practical applications for bismuth in fast-charging sodium-ion batteries.
CELL REPORTS PHYSICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shuai Feng, Donglian Li, Hao Dong, Song Xie, Yaping Miao, Xuming Zhang, Biao Gao, Paul K. Chu, Xiang Peng
Summary: In this study, MoO2/Mo2N heterostructures were prepared by regulating the coordination of Mo atoms. The electrocatalyst exhibits high current density and excellent stability for hydrogen evolution reaction.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shuyu Fan, Yinong Chen, Shu Xiao, Kejun Shi, Xinyu Meng, Songsheng Lin, Fenghua Su, Yifan Su, Paul K. Chu
Summary: Graphene coatings are promising solid lubrication materials due to their mechanical properties. This study presents a new method for in situ deposition of high-quality graphene coatings on hard substrates using NiCo solid solution and competitive reaction strategies. The graphene coating deposited on substrates with deep NiCo solid solution demonstrates superior low-friction and durability.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ruoyu Li, Hongyu Zhang, Xiaohong Yao, Bin Tang, Paul K. Chu, Xiangyu Zhang
Summary: The surface topography of TiO2 nanoarrays on titanium affects osteogenesis and immunomodulation, with different sizes and shapes of nanoarrays having varying effects on cell behavior. TiO2-N N shows the most pronounced effects on cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, while TiO2-NN produces the best immune microenvironment. TiO2-NW is more favorable than TiO2-NN in terms of cell adhesion and spreading of osteoblasts.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zanling Huang, Shuqi Zhu, Yuan Duan, Chaoran Pi, Xuming Zhang, Abebe Reda Woldu, Jing-Xin Jian, Paul K. Chu, Qing-Xiao Tong, Liangsheng Hu, Xiangdong Yao
Summary: In this study, it was found that Ni sites act as a host to attract Fe(III) to form Fe(Ni)(III) binary centers, which promote the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity and stability by cyclical formation of intermediates. Additionally, other ions can also catalyze the OER process on different electrodes.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaohong Lu, Jinbing Cheng, Dawei Zhou, Yichong Chen, Hao Jiang, Yang Lu, Deyang Zhang, Dezhi Kong, Paul K. Chu, Hui Ying Yang, Yongsong Luo
Summary: Designing electrode structures with excellent mechanical properties, fast electrochemical kinetics, and stability is crucial for the development of flexible wearable electrodes. In this paper, a hollow carbon nanofiber composite of Ti3C2Tx MXene and Fe3C nanoparticles is designed, resulting in high-performance lithium-ion battery electrodes with dual conductive channels.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaoting Gao, Lei Yan, Wei Zhang, Yuanliang Lv, Peiyan Ou, Ruiqiang Hang, Ang Gao, Liping Tong, Paul K. Chu, Huaiyu Wang
Summary: This study describes a stable CO release platform for local delivery of photothermal treatment and CO gas synergistic therapy. The platform can release CO on-demand and regulate the pH in the OA microenvironment to achieve therapeutic effects. The pH-dependent NIRF imaging of the platform can also be used for monitoring therapeutic effects.
