Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Nirosha D. Adasooriya, Wakshum Mekonnen Tucho, Erlend Holm, Terje Arthun, Vidar Hansen, Karl Gunnar Solheim, Tor Hemmingsen
Summary: The mechanical properties of tempered high strength carbon steel (AISI 4130) affected by hydrogen embrittlement were investigated using slow strain rate tensile tests. Results showed significant influences of hydrogen charging and tempering temperatures on the hardness and fracture characteristics of the steel.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
A. Conde, J. J. de Damborenea, J. M. Lopez-Escobar, C. Perez-Arnaez
Summary: Alloy hardened steels offer excellent mechanical properties, hardenability, and corrosion resistance. 34CrMo4 steel is widely used due to its high-strength, toughness, and wear resistance, but it experiences significant losses in mechanical properties due to hydrogen embrittlement, especially when combined with stress.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
D. Wang, A. B. Hagen, P. U. Fathi, M. Lin, R. Johnsen, X. Lu
Summary: This study investigates the effect of hydrogen on X65 carbon steel through tensile tests under different conditions. The fractured samples were characterized using various techniques, revealing a significant reduction in fracture elongation and the presence of secondary cracks under in-situ hydrogen charging conditions. Additionally, cracks were found to initiate at the interfaces of inclusions and the matrix, and propagate along specific slip planes.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Akihiko Fukunaga
Summary: This study investigated the evaluation method of hydrogen compatibility of A286 superalloy in high pressure hydrogen gas. SSRT tests were conducted on hydrogen-charged specimens at various strain rates at ambient temperature. The results showed that the strain rate dependence of the relative reduction in area (RRA) was smaller compared to that obtained in 70 MPa hydrogen gas at 150 degrees C. All the hydrogen-charged specimens exhibited slip-plane fractures in the grains in their cores, while the specimens in 70 MPa hydrogen gas at 150 degrees C showed different fracture surfaces morphology with decreasing strain rate, ranging from dimples to quasi-cleavages and intergranular fractures. These dissimilarities are believed to arise from differences in the hydrogen concentration behaviors of the specimens during the deformation process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Crystallography
Ladislav Falat, Lucia Ciripova, Ivan Petryshynets, Ondrej Milkovic, Miroslav Dzupon, Karol Koval'
Summary: In this study, the effects of electrochemical hydrogen charging on the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) resistance of 316H austenitic stainless steel were investigated. The results showed that the HE of the studied material was small. It was also found that the degradation of deformation properties in plastically pre-strained and hydrogen-charged materials was mainly caused by gradual plasticity exhaustion due to tensile straining.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Santigopal Samanta, K. Vishwanath, K. Mondal, Monojit Dutta, Shiv Brat Singh
Summary: The study demonstrates that NiP coatings significantly improve the wear resistance and resistance to hydrogen embrittlement of API X70 steel, compared to Ni-coated steel and bare steel, due to the excellent hydrogen barrier property of the NiP coatings.
METALS AND MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yang Li, Xinfang Zhang
Summary: When steel is smelted and used, hydrogen penetration can cause hydrogen embrittlement, leading to reduced material lifespan and safety accidents. This study treated high hydrogen content 20CrMnTiH gear steel billets with electric pulse and observed improvements in elongation and tensile strength, attributed to reduced diffusible hydrogen content in the samples. The electric field facilitated the diffusion and escape of hydrogen atoms, while pulse current also eliminated some hydrogen traps. This method provides an alternative for solid state dehydrogenation and repair of hydrogen embrittlement fractures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hanna Yang, Thanh Tuan Nguyen, Jaeyeong Park, Hyeong Min Heo, Junghoon Lee, Un Bong Baek, Young-Kook Lee
Summary: In this study, the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement of STS 304 austenitic stainless steel was investigated. The results showed that the resistance decreased with decreasing temperature and disappeared below -150 degrees C. The occurrence of hydrogen embrittlement at temperatures from 25 to -50 degrees C was attributed to strain-induced martensitic transformation and hydrogen diffusion into stress-concentrated regions.
METALS AND MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Gaku Kitahara, Hideaki Matsuoka, Takashi Asada
Summary: In this study, spot-welded specimens using AHSS sheets were prepared and tensile shear tests with varying tensile rates under hydrogen charging were conducted to evaluate the relationship between diffusible hydrogen content and tensile shear strength. The results showed that the tensile shear strength of spot welds decreased as the amount of diffusible hydrogen increased. The hydrogen embrittlement in spot welds can be attributed to the stress-induced diffusion of hydrogen and the hydrogen trapped in dislocation and vacancy clusters at crack tips.
MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rongjian Shi, Lin Chen, Zidong Wang, Xu-Sheng Yang, Lijie Qiao, Xiaolu Pang
Summary: This study quantitatively investigated the correlation between different microstructural components and high-density hydrogen trapping in tempered niobium carbide (NbC)-precipitated martensitic steel. It was found that martensite lath and a high density of dislocations served as reversible hydrogen trapping sites, while NbC nanoprecipitates, high-angle grain boundaries, and grain-boundary precipitates acted as irreversible hydrogen traps. These findings are significant for enhancing the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of high-strength martensitic steels.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jinliang Wang, Ning Xu, Tong Wu, Xiaohui Xi, Gui Wang, Liqing Chen
Summary: This study investigates the synergistic effect of Cu and austenite on hydrogen embrittlement in low carbon low alloy steel. The results show that Cu addition can enhance the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement, with the steel containing 1.5 wt% Cu exhibiting the highest resistance. Cu addition increases the content of retained austenite and promotes the formation of Cu-rich precipitates, which hinder the diffusion of hydrogen during deformation and provide strong trapping sites for hydrogen, thus improving the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Akihiko Fukunaga
Summary: In order to investigate the effects of a high-pressure hydrogen environment on the elastic and plastic deformation regions, slow strain-rate tensile tests were conducted on iron-based superalloy A286 at 150 degrees Celsius. The results showed that the relative reduction in area (RRA) decreased gradually in the plastic deformation region, depending on the nominal strain exposed to hydrogen, but decreased rapidly in the elastic deformation region. The RRA value further decreased when a stress cycle was applied in the elastic region, indicating hydrogen embrittlement.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
A. Cayon, F. Gutierrez-Solana, B. Arroyo, J. A. Alvarez
Summary: In this study, two microalloyed steels were investigated under hydrogen embrittlement conditions, with different specimens tested to analyze mechanical properties and fracture micromechanisms. The impact of triaxiality on the HE behavior of the steel was revealed through the analyses conducted.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED FRACTURE MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Takeshi Konno, Toyohiro Kato, Toshiaki Yanagida, Hiroshi Inaba, Yuki Hirata, Hiroki Akasaka, Naoto Ohtake
Summary: A hydrogen-free carburized layer was successfully fabricated on a low-alloy steel substrate using carbon ion irradiation and diffusion control. The carburized layer exhibited a maximum hardness of 733 HV, which decreased with increasing depth due to carbon concentration distribution. The layer extended to a depth of 200 μm and showed a martensitic structure. Surface elemental analysis did not reveal any segregation of chromium or oxygen to grain boundaries. The concentration of diffusible hydrogen, responsible for hydrogen embrittlement, was found to be 0.0064 wt. ppm through thermal desorption spectroscopy. The hydrogen-free carburized layer demonstrated approximately 2.7 times the strength and 2.3 times the elongation compared to the hydrogen charged layer, indicating the notable effectiveness of this method in preventing hydrogen embrittlement.
DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Thorsten Michler, Fabien Ebling, Heiner Oesterlin, Carl Fischer, Ken Wackermann
Summary: Developing engineering standards for the hydrogen economy requires extensive materials testing. One method is using tubular specimens for testing. This study compares the tensile properties of X60 pipeline steel tested in high pressure gaseous hydrogen using tubular and conventional specimens.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Thorsten Michler, Joerg Naumann, Martin Hock, Karl Berreth, Michael P. Balogh, Erich Sattler
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2015)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Thorsten Michler, Christopher San Marchi, Karl Berreth, Jorg Naumann, Raj K. Mishra, Robert C. Kubic
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2016)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Thorsten Michler, Joerg Naumann, Jens Wiebesiek, Erich Sattler
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2017)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Thorsten Michler, Enrico Bruder
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Thorsten Michler
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2014)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chika Izawa, Stefan Wagner, Martin Deutges, Mauro Martin, Sebastian Weber, Richard Pargeter, Thorsten Michler, Haru-Hisa Uchida, Ryota Gemma, Astrid Pundt
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chika Izawa, Stefan Wagner, Martin Deutges, Mauro Martin, Sebastian Weber, Richard Pargeter, Thorsten Michler, Haru-Hisa Uchida, Ryota Gemma, Astrid Pundt
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
T. Michler, E. Bruder, S. Lindner
MATERIALWISSENSCHAFT UND WERKSTOFFTECHNIK
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Jan Presse, Thorsten Michler, Boris Kuenkler
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jan Presse, Boris Kuenkler, Thorsten Michler
Summary: The study presents an approach to assess hybrid joints of aluminum and high strength steel, showing reasonable agreement between the fatigue life estimation and test data.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2021)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Thorsten Michler, Frank Schweizer, Ken Wackermann
Summary: The influence of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of structural alloys strongly depends on temperature, with a temperature T-HE,T-max where degradation of mechanical properties reaches a maximum. The lack of understanding of the underlying physico-mechanical mechanisms makes it difficult to explain the temperature effects. Statistical approaches may be suitable for accounting for the temperature effect in engineering applications.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Thorsten Michler, Ken Wackermann, Frank Schweizer
Summary: The study reviewed a large amount of experimental data on the effect of hydrogen gas pressure on mechanical properties, and analyzed the relationship between fugacities and pressure. The results showed that for the majority of the data sets, the exponent n for fugacity was less than 0.37, providing a potential basis for defining appropriate test fugacities for hydrogen gas applications.
Correction
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Thorsten Michler, Ken Wackermann, Frank Schweizer
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Thorsten Michler, Christian Elsaesser, Ken Wackermann, Frank Schweizer
Summary: This review summarizes the thermodynamics of hydrogen in mixed gases and its effects on mechanical properties of steels. Test results obtained in gas mixtures and in pure hydrogen at the same fugacity are shown to be equivalent, but this needs experimental verification. Among the test methods reviewed, fatigue crack growth testing is the most sensitive method to measure hydrogen effects in pipeline steels.
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Mechanical
Jan Presse, Boris Kuenkler, Thorsten Michler
FATIGUE DESIGN 2019, INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FATIGUE DESIGN, 8TH EDITION
(2019)
