Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paulo H. C. Mesquita, Donald A. Lamb, Joshua S. Godwin, Shelby C. Osburn, Bradley A. Ruple, Johnathon H. Moore, Christopher G. Vann, Kevin W. Huggins, Andrew D. Fruge, Kaelin C. Young, Andreas N. Kavazis, Michael D. Roberts
Summary: The study found that 6 weeks of resistance training reduced oxidative damage and increased antioxidant enzyme activities in skeletal muscle of older adults. The responses of older adults to resistance training involve multi-level control (transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational) of the redox status of skeletal muscle.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yong-Cai Zhao, Wei Guo, Bing-Hong Gao
Summary: This study found that hypoxic trainings, especially LLTH, promoted mitochondrial turnover and angiogenesis of skeletal muscle. This may be an underlying mechanism of hypoxic training-induced exercise capacity enhancement.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yiyi Zhu, Weiwei Gui, Bowen Tan, Ying Du, Jiaqiang Zhou, Fang Wu, Hong Li, Xihua Lin
Summary: The study discovered that IGF2 expression in skeletal muscle cells is influenced by exercise training, and IGF2 plays a crucial role in the function of skeletal muscle cells, with a lack of IGF2 leading to decreased mitochondrial function. Through the regulatory pathway of IGF2-SIRT1-PGC1α, mitochondrial regulation in skeletal muscle cells may be achieved.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fariba Khodagholi, Shima Zareh Shahamati, Mona Maleki Chamgordani, Maryam Alsadat Mousavi, Mehdi Moslemi, Mojtaba Salehpour, Shahrbanoo Rafiei, Forough Foolad
Summary: Evidence has shown that exercise has prophylactic effects on health, while immobilization can lead to neurodegeneration. Experimental results revealed increased activity of TCA cycle enzymes, antioxidant levels, and mitochondrial biogenesis factors in the exercise and exercise-stress groups. Additionally, most mitochondrial factors increased in the frontal and parietal lobes.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mingzhu Luo, Junyu Lu, Chao Li, Bo Wen, Wenbin Chu, Xiangchen Dang, Yujiao Zhang, Gaihong An, Jing Wang, Rong Fan, Xuewei Chen
Summary: This study found that hydrogen water improves exercise endurance and reprograms skeletal muscle glucose metabolism by activating the Ppar gamma/Pgc-1 alpha/Tfam signaling pathway.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Frederic Nicolas Daussin, Alexane Cuillerier, Julianne Touron, Samir Bensaid, Bruno Melo, Ali Al Rewashdy, Goutham Vasam, Keir J. Menzies, Mary-Ellen Harper, Elsa Heyman, Yan Burelle
Summary: The study found that cocoa flavanols supplementation can improve mitochondrial function and whole-body metabolism, particularly by stimulating NAD metabolism and enhancing the function of Sirt3. These findings suggest that cocoa flavanols may help improve metabolic efficiency in the body.
Article
Agronomy
Julia Medrano Macias, Maria Guadalupe Lopez Caltzontzit, Erika Nohemi Rivas Martinez, Willian Alfredo Narvaez Ortiz, Adalberto Benavides Mendoza, Paulino Martinez Lagunes
Summary: The study showed that application of iodine in different forms (Q products and KIO3) has significant effects on the growth, antioxidant content, and fruit quality of strawberry plants under various conditions.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Yang Liu, Aimin Wu, Ruixia Mo, Qiang Zhou, Lianghui Song, Zheng Li, Hua Zhao, Zhengfeng Fang, Yan Lin, Shengyu Xu, Bin Feng, Yong Zhuo, De Wu, Lianqiang Che
Summary: This study investigated the effects of dietary lysolecithin supplementation on the growth performance, nutrients absorption, lipid metabolism, and redox status of weaned pigs. The results showed that dietary lysolecithin supplementation improved the growth performance, enhanced nutrients absorption, and improved the redox status and lipid metabolism of weaned pigs.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Evan Yi-Wen Yu, Zhewen Ren, Siamak Mehrkanoon, Coen D. A. Stehouwer, Marleen M. J. van Greevenbroek, Simone J. P. M. Eussen, Maurice P. Zeegers, Anke Wesselius
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the potential mediation role of circulating metabolites in relation to dietary patterns for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. The findings suggest that adherence to a healthy dietary pattern could affect glucose metabolism status through circulating metabolites, providing novel insights into the biological mechanisms of diet on glucose metabolism and facilitating prevention strategies for type 2 diabetes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tom P. Aird, Andrew J. Farquharson, Kate M. Bermingham, Aifric O'Sulllivan, Janice E. Drew, Brian P. Carson
Summary: This study compared the metabolic and performance adaptations to acute and short-term Sprint Interval Training (SIT) in the fasted state and with preexercise whey protein supplementation. The results showed that whey protein intake can influence acute exercise-induced gene expression and serum metabolome, leading to either similar or enhanced performance outcomes compared with fasted training. After 3 weeks of training, increases in mitochondrial enzymatic activity and exercise performance were similar across nutritional groups.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Luiza Amaral, Jaqueline Pontes Batista, Igor Moraes Mariano, Ludimila Ferreira Goncalves, Julia Buiatte Tavares, Adriele Vieira de Souza, Douglas C. Caixeta, Renata R. Teixeira, Erick P. de Oliveira, Foued S. Espindola, Guilherme Morais Puga
Summary: Postmenopausal women often have cardiometabolic diseases and higher oxidative stress. Exercise, such as Mat Pilates, can be beneficial, but its physiological effects need further investigation. This study aimed to explore the impact of 12 weeks of Mat Pilates on redox status in postmenopausal women with cardiometabolic diseases. The results showed no significant changes in redox markers between the groups, except for greater reductions in total antioxidant capacity in the SINGLE group.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Yingbin Lin, Xiaoman Dai, Jing Zhang, Xiaochun Chen
Summary: Metformin improves depression-like behaviors in apoE4 mice probably by enhancing glucose metabolism and mitochondria biogenesis. The findings provide mechanistic insights for apoE4- and age-based depression prevention and therapy.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruonan Shangguan, Zhiqiang Hu, Yuzhen Luo, Min Chen, Xiangdeng Lai, Jingquan Sun, Siyu Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) of different durations on intramuscular triglyceride abundance, mitochondrial function, and lipid metabolism in SD rats. The results showed that HIIT for 2, 4, and 10 weeks significantly increased intramuscular triglyceride abundance, while lipid metabolism-related proteins exhibited inconsistent changes. Mitochondrial function decreased after 2 and 4 weeks of training but improved after 6 weeks, and intramuscular triglyceride contents declined. Caution should be exercised when considering 2 and 4 weeks of training under similar HIIT protocols, and at least 6 weeks of training is effective for mitochondrial enhancement.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Katarzyna Hojan, Karolina Gerreth, Danuta Procyk, Krystian Mania, Anna Zalewska, Mateusz Maciejczyk
Summary: This study explores the influence of trastuzumab treatment on the redox response in breast cancer patients and the potential role of regular physical exercise in modulating antioxidant defenses. The results demonstrate the oxidative imbalance in BC patients during trastuzumab therapy and highlight the positive impact of regular physical training on antioxidant activities.
Article
Biology
Abigail E. Frawley, Kristen J. DeMoranville, Katherine M. Carbeck, Lisa Trost, Amadeusz Bryla, Maciej Dzialo, Edyta T. Sadowska, Ulf Bauchinger, Barbara J. Pierce, Scott R. McWilliams
Summary: This study investigated how the antioxidant system of female European starlings responds to oxidative challenges during flight and preparation for reproduction. The results showed that dietary antioxidants affected enzymatic antioxidant activity and oxidative damage, and flight training may condition females to dynamically respond to oxidative challenges by adjusting antioxidant allocation to reduce damage caused by oxidative stress.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Abbi R. Hernandez, Jessica M. Hoffman, Caesar M. Hernandez, Constanza J. Cortes, Patricia Jumbo-Lucioni, Mark G. Baxter, Karyn A. Esser, Andrew C. Liu, Lori L. McMahon, Jennifer L. Bizon, Sara N. Burke, Thomas W. Buford, Christy S. Carter
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
C. Aaron Smith, Haddon Smith, Lisa Roberts, Lori Coward, Gregory Gorman, Amrisha Verma, Qiuhong Li, Thomas W. Buford, Christy S. Carter, Patricia Jumbo-Lucioni
Summary: The study demonstrates that supplementation with Lactobacillus paracasei releasing Ang-(1-7) can improve memory deficits in a Drosophila Alzheimer's disease (AD) model, but the effects are sex-specific. Differences in levels of angiotensin peptides and tryptophan metabolism may underlie this gender-specific therapeutic response.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sunil K. Saini, Arashdeep Singh, Manisha Saini, Marta Gonzalez-Freire, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh, Stephen D. Anton
Summary: Time-restricted eating (TRE), a form of intermittent fasting, has been shown to provide health benefits by influencing the expression of circulatory miRNAs. This study aimed to examine the effects of a 4-week TRE regimen on global circulatory miRNA in older overweight participants. The results demonstrated that TRE downregulated miRNA, which could inhibit cell growth pathways and activate cell survival pathways, potentially promoting healthy aging.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Abbi Hernandez, Yi Sun, Anisha Banerjee, YouFeng Yang, Amrisha Verma, Qiuhong Li, Liliana Baptista, Thomas W. Buford, Christy S. Carter
Summary: The utilization of genetically modified angiotensin (1-7) activation to target the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) can effectively enhance physical and cognitive function in aged rats, thus improving their overall health.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Melissa L. Erickson, Jacob M. Allen, Daniel P. Beavers, Linda M. Collins, Karina W. Davidson, Kirk Erickson, Karyn A. Esser, Matthijs K. C. Hesselink, Kerrie L. Moreau, Eric B. Laber, Charlotte A. Peterson, Courtney M. Peterson, Jane E. Reusch, John P. Thyfault, Shawn D. Youngstedt, Juleen R. Zierath, Bret H. Goodpaster, Nathan K. LeBrasseur, Thomas W. Buford, Lauren M. Sparks
Summary: Exercise is vital in preventive medicine and can influence the aging process. Understanding the variations in exercise response, especially in older adults, can help optimize exercise prescription and enhance the effectiveness of exercise training.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Pariya L. Fazeli, Amanda L. Willig, Vitor Oliveira, Thomas W. Buford, David E. Vance, Greer Burkholder, Heidi M. Crane, Christine Horvat Davey, Julia Fleming, Allison R. Webel
Summary: Middle-aged and older people living with HIV are more likely to experience cognitive impairment and engage in lower levels of physical activity than HIV-negative individuals. This study examined the association between accelerometry-measured physical activity and cognitive functioning in a sample of 75 HIV-positive individuals. The findings suggest that engaging in light physical activity, performed in bouts of at least 10 minutes, is associated with better cognitive performance. However, further research is needed to understand the dose-response associations between physical activity and cognitive trajectories, the specific effects of physical activity on different cognitive domains, and the underlying neural mechanisms.
Article
Cell Biology
Anna Picca, Matthew Triolo, Stephanie E. E. Wohlgemuth, Matthew S. S. Martenson, Robert T. T. Mankowski, Stephen D. D. Anton, Emanuele Marzetti, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh, David A. A. Hood
Summary: Altered mitochondrial quality in muscle may contribute to age-related decline in physical function. This study investigated the relationship between autophagy, mitophagy, lysosomal markers and measures of physical performance and lower extremity tissue composition in young and older adults. The results revealed that older adults had smaller muscle volume, lower tissue composition index, and higher protein content of p62 and BNIP3. The expression levels of p62 and BNIP3 were negatively correlated with the tissue composition index and performance on the 5-time sit-to-stand test. These findings suggest that dysfunction in the autophagy/mitophagy-lysosomal system is associated with deterioration of lower extremity tissue composition and muscle dysfunction.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Anna Picca, Emanuele Marzetti, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Luigi Ferrucci, Julian Candia, Ceereena Ubaida-Mohien, Alexey Lyashkov, Nirad Banskota, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh, Stephanie Wohlgemuth, Jack M. Guralnik, Mary Kaileh, Dongxue Zhang, Robert Sufit, Supriyo De, Myriam Gorospe, Rachel Munk, Charlotte A. Peterson, Mary M. McDermott
Summary: Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses revealed activation of hypoxia-compensatory mechanisms, inflammation, fibrosis, apoptosis, angiogenesis, unfolded protein response, and nerve and muscle repair in peripheral artery disease (PAD) muscle. Aberrant proportions of mitochondrial respiratory proteins and reduced activity of rate-limiting glycolytic enzymes were also observed. These mechanisms may serve as potential targets for disease modification.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dongyu Zhang, Kori A. Spiropoulos, Akemi Wijayabahu, Demetra D. Christou, Shama D. Karanth, Stephen D. Anton, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh, Muxuan Liang, Meghann Wheeler, Danting Yang, Aduse-Poku Livingstone, Robert T. Mankowski, Ting -Yuan David Cheng, Hanchao Zhang, Erin M. Siegel, Frank J. Penedo, Jonathan D. Licht, Dejana Braithwaite
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of low muscle mass (LMM) on the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-specific mortality in cancer survivors. The results showed that LMM was positively associated with the risk of all-cause and CVD-specific mortality in cancer survivors.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert T. Mankowski, Stephanie E. Wohlgemuth, Guilherme Bresciani, A. Daniel Martin, George Arnaoutakis, Tomas Martin, Eric Jeng, Leonardo Ferreira, Tiago Machuca, Mindaugas Rackauskas, Ashley J. Smuder, Thomas Beaver, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh, Barbara K. Smith
Summary: Mechanical ventilation during cardiothoracic surgery can lead to ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD) and delay recovery. In this study, intraoperative phrenic nerve stimulation was performed to offset VIDD and investigate changes in mitochondrial function.
Meeting Abstract
Psychology, Clinical
Pariya Fazeli, Amanda Willig, Vitor Oliveira, Thomas Buford, David Vance, Greer Burkholder, Heidi Crane, Christine H. Davey, Julia Fleming, Allison Webel
ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Kaleen M. Lavin, Paul M. Coen, Liliana C. Baptista, Margaret B. Bell, Devin Drummer, Sara A. Harper, Manoel E. Lixandrao, Jeremy S. McAdam, Samia M. O'Bryan, Sofhia Ramos, Lisa M. Roberts, Rick B. Vega, Bret H. Goodpaster, Marcas M. Bamman, Thomas W. Buford
Summary: Regular exercise has been recognized for centuries as a powerful stimulus to promote, maintain, and restore the healthy functioning of almost every physiological system in the human body. With advancing understanding of human physiology, evolving methodological possibilities, and an increasingly urgent public health situation, the study of exercise as a preventative or therapeutic treatment has become more interdisciplinary and impactful.
COMPREHENSIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Alisa Johnson, Taylor Buchanan, Chavier Laffitte, Zhiguang Huo, James H. Cole, Thomas Buford, Roger B. Fillingim, Yenisel Cruz-Almeida
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Steven N. Austad, Scott Ballinger, Thomas W. Buford, Christy S. Carter, Daniel L. Smith, Victor Darley-Usmar, Jianhua Zhang
Summary: Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia in the elderly, has no cure. Strategies targeting the reduction of amyloid beta or hyperphosphorylated Tau protein have largely failed in clinical trials, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic targets and strategies. Recent data suggest that mitochondria initiate an integrated stress response (ISR) in response to environmental stress, which has shown benefits for healthy aging and neuroprotection. Partial inhibition of mitochondrial complex I has emerged as a promising strategy for multiple human conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, with ongoing clinical trials. Additionally, there is increasing awareness of the differential risk and potential targeting strategies related to biological sex, microbiome, and circadian regulation. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in mitochondrial bioenergetics, quality control mechanisms, and mitochondria-linked inflammatory responses is crucial for AD therapeutic interventions.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2022)