Article
Immunology
Cong Dai, Yu-Hong Huang, Min Jiang
Summary: This study summarizes the current evidence and perspectives on combination therapies in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). The combination of infliximab and thiopurines has been shown to be more effective than monotherapy in inducing and maintaining remission in IBD. However, data on the combination of other biological agents and immunosuppressors is lacking or conflicting. Vedolizumab may be an effective maintenance regimen after calcineurin inhibitors-based rescue therapy in acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC). Dual Targeted Therapy, which combines two biological agents and/or small molecules, may be a reasonable choice for certain IBD patients but is associated with an increased risk of adverse events and malignancies.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Srishti Saha, Neha Patel
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disorder caused by enteric inflammation in a genetically susceptible host. Diet is widely accepted as an important factor in the pathogenesis of IBD, and various dietary components have been studied for their roles in causing enteric inflammation. Different diets, such as exclusive enteral nutrition, specific carbohydrate diet, and low FODMAPs diet, have also been explored for their effects on IBD patients. This review summarizes the current evidence on the relationship between dietary components and IBD, and provides guidance for dietary modifications in managing IBD.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yoonhwa Shin, Sunhee Han, Juhui Kwon, Songhyun Ju, Tae Gyu Choi, Insug Kang, Sung Soo Kim
Summary: The gut microbiome and its product, short-chain fatty acids, play crucial roles in human health and are closely associated with metabolic disorders and inflammation-related diseases. Studying the impact of gut microbiota and its metabolites on inflammatory bowel disease is of great importance.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Qichen Shen, Bingbai Xu, Caihong Wang, Yingping Xiao, Yuanxiang Jin
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic intestinal inflammation with no cure. Disruption of the microbial ecosystem in the intestine is considered a key factor in IBD. Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) play important roles in regulating intestinal microecology and have potential therapeutic applications in IBD patients.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yaou Duan, Edward Zhang, Ronnie H. Fang, Weiwei Gao, Liangfang Zhang
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic gastrointestinal tract disorder characterized by uncontrolled inflammation. Researchers have developed an oral formulation of macrophage membrane-coated nanoparticles for IBD treatment. These nanoparticles, encapsulated in enteric polymer-coated gelatin capsules, protect against gastric degradation and target delivery to the colon. In mouse models, the oral delivery of these nanoparticles significantly alleviated IBD severity.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Anne Fons, Kees Kalisvaart, Jeroen Maljaars
Summary: This scoping review summarizes the current literature on frailty in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), including the definition of frailty, assessment methods, prevalence, risk factors, and prognostic value. The prevalence of frailty ranged from 6% to 53.9%, depending on the population and assessment method. Frailty was associated with adverse outcomes, such as increased risk for hospitalization, readmission, and mortality. Therefore, frailty assessment should be integrated into routine clinical care for older patients with IBD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Lukasz Dembinski, Anna Stelmaszczyk-Emmel, Katarzyna Sznurkowska, Agnieszka Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz, Andrzej Radzikowski, Aleksandra Banaszkiewicz
Summary: The study assessed the immunogenicity and safety of the cholera vaccine in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Results showed that the immunogenicity of the cholera vaccine in children with IBD was lower compared to healthy children, with no impact from the type of treatment.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
John Gubatan, Chiraag V. V. Kulkarni, Sarah Melissa Talamantes, Michelle Temby, Touran Fardeen, Sidhartha R. R. Sinha
Summary: Diet has a significant impact on intestinal immune homeostasis and the occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Studies have shown that ultra-processed foods, food additives, and emulsifiers are associated with a higher risk of IBD. While exclusion and elimination diets can improve symptoms, they do not affect objective markers of inflammation.
Review
Cell Biology
Zhilin Zhang, Huan Zhang, Tian Chen, Lin Shi, Daorong Wang, Dong Tang
Summary: This article discusses the association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, which leads to persistent immune response and inflammation. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) derived from fiber-rich diet produced by probiotic gut bacteria have shown anti-inflammatory effects and can delay the progression of IBD. The modulation of innate immune recognition and cytokine production by SCFAs may intervene in the progression of IBD. More studies are needed to investigate the clinical impact of SCFA.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chen Li, Kudra Baruti, Bilal Akin
Summary: This article presents an online estimation method for short-circuits in permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), which is crucial for postfault AC drive operations. The method extends the PMSM model to cover motors with saliency and establishes the relationship between short-circuit current and phase reference voltage. Second harmonics in the reference voltage and feedback current are then used to extract the short-circuit current information. By executing the estimation method after the short-circuit fault is detected, the AC drive microcontroller bandwidth is efficiently utilized. Simple fault detection and severity estimation algorithms are also proposed. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed estimation technique.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Fengqian Chen, Qi Liu, Yang Xiong, Li Xu
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are highly debilitating due to the imbalance of inflammatory mediators within the inflamed bowel. Conventional drugs for IBD treatment suffer from bioavailability issues and systemic side effects, while nanoparticle (NP)-derived therapy has shown improvements in therapeutic efficacy and targeting specificity. Recent studies have highlighted the fast-growing field of nanomedicines tailored to the pathophysiology of bowel diseases, offering potential for prolonged circulation period and reduced side effects through improved drug encapsulation and targeted delivery.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V Maria Barragan
Summary: This study focuses on a polymeric membrane-based thermocell with 1:1 alkali chloride electrolytes and reversible Ag|AgCl electrodes at different temperatures. The experimental relation between short-circuit current density and temperature difference is analyzed to understand the effects of membrane, electrolyte nature, and hydrodynamic conditions on thermocell efficiency.
Review
Immunology
Mengyu Zheng, Ran Han, Yali Yuan, Yunqi Xing, Wenji Zhang, Zhongmei Sun, Yuyue Liu, Junxiang Li, Tangyou Mao
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases, such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases caused by dysregulated immune responses to gut microbiota. Current approaches focus on reducing inflammation and managing complications, but have limitations. Recent evidence suggests that the bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila plays a role in regulating host immune response and intestinal barrier function, and decreased colonization of A. muciniphila may contribute to the development of inflammatory bowel diseases. Therefore, targeting A. muciniphila may offer promising therapeutic strategies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Maria Kulecka, Natalia Zeber-Lubecka, Aneta Balabas, Pawel Czarnowski, Katarzyna Baginska, Maria Glowienka, Anna Kluska, Magdalena Piatkowska, Michalina Dabrowska, Edyta Waker, Michal Mikula, Jerzy Ostrowski
Summary: In this study, the researchers compared the metagenomic and metabolomic profiles of Clostridioides difficile diarrheal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease patients. They found that C. difficile infection exacerbates intestinal dysbiosis.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gerhard Rogler, Abha Singh, Arthur Kavanaugh, David T. Rubin
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are systemic diseases that can affect not only the gut but also other organs, impacting the quality of life for patients. Understanding the prevalence, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation of extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) is crucial for effective IBD treatment. EIMs commonly affect joints, skin, or eyes, but may also involve other organs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Reyes Gamez-Belmonte, Mireia Tena-Garitaonaindia, Cristina Hernandez-Chirlaque, Samir Cordova, Diego Ceacero-Heras, Fermin Sanchez de Medina, Olga Martinez-Augustin
Summary: The study showed that TNAP haplodeficient mice can develop hepatosteatosis similar to that induced by a MCD diet when fed a control diet, but without weight loss, increased ALT levels, or hypoglycemia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Maria Victoria Rodriguez-Benitez, Reyes Gamez-Belmonte, Mercedes Gil-Campos, Cristina Hernandez-Chirlaque, Paula R. Bouzas, Fermin Sanchez de Medina, Olga Martinez-Augustin
Summary: This study investigated the inflammatory status of preterm children, showing increased neutrophil markers and decreased AP in meconium, as well as elevated levels of some proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors in plasma, correlating with birth weight and gestational age. Preterm infants also exhibited neutropenia and decreased adiponectin, leptin, haematocrit, and hemoglobin, with some parameters correlating positively with GA and BW, while others showed negative correlations. Postnatal morbidity in preterm children was associated with increased MPO and MIP-1 alpha.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Rafael Contreras-Montoya, Maria Arredondo-Amador, Guillermo Escolano-Casado, Mari C. Manas-Torres, Mercedes Gonzalez, Mayte Conejero-Muriel, Vaibhav Bhatia, Juan J. Diaz-Mochon, Olga Martinez-Augustin, Fermin Sanchez de Medina, Modesto T. Lopez-Lopez, Francisco Conejero-Lara, Jose A. Gavira, Luis Alvarez de Cienfuegos
Summary: Protein therapeutics play a crucial role in medicine by treating various pathologies, but their stability and in vivo half-life can be limited. This study introduces a method to increase the stability of proteins and modulate their release profile, demonstrated with thermally stable insulin composite crystals intended for diabetic treatment. The novel composite crystals show promising results in terms of stability and dissolution rate, paving the way for more stable protein pharmaceuticals.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maria Arredondo-Amador, Carlos J. Aranda, Borja Ocon, Raquel Gonzalez, Olga Martinez-Augustin, Fermin Sanchez de Medina
Summary: The study found that in a colitis model, intestinal epithelial glucocorticoid receptor knockout mice performed better in reducing disease activity, preventing weight loss, and limiting tissue damage compared to WT mice. Budesonide treatment had limited anti-inflammatory effects on mice, but resulted in weight loss. Knockout of the receptor also provided protection in a protracted colitis protocol.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Cristina Hernandez-Chirlaque, Carlos J. Aranda, Borja Ocon, Javier Polo, Olga Martinez-Augustin, Fermin Sanchez de Medina
Summary: This study demonstrates that two porcine protein concentrates can alter immune cell function, modulate cytokine secretion in intestinal epithelial cells and spleen cells, with varying effects on TNF, GRO alpha, MCP-1, and IL-10. The mechanisms underlying these immunomodulatory effects involve MyD88/NF-kappa B-dependent pathways and are independent of IL-10 production or the stimulation of NF-kB, MAPKs, AKT, or RAGE.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Belen Rivero-Gutierrez, Maria Arredondo-Amador, Reyes Gamez-Belmonte, Fermin Sanchez de Medina, Olga Martinez-Augustin
Summary: This study demonstrates that obese Zucker rats, which are resistant to leptin, exhibit an attenuated inflammatory response in the TNBS model of colitis, suggesting a proinflammatory role of leptin. However, these rats also show weakened intestinal barrier function and increased translocation of LPS, indicating a dual response in the TNBS model of rat colitis.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Maria Arredondo-Amador, Raquel Gonzalez, Carlos J. Aranda, Olga Martinez-Augustin, Fermin Sanchez de Medina
Summary: Research shows that knockout mice with epithelial-specific deletion of NR3C1 are protected against experimental colitis but have a higher tumor load in colitis-associated cancer, with signs of increased neoplastic transformation and tumor-associated inflammation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mireia Tena-Garitaonaindia, Maria Arredondo-Amador, Cristina Mascaraque, Maitane Asensio, Jose J. G. Marin, Olga Martinez-Augustin, Fermin Sanchez de Medina
Summary: Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used drugs for their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects, but the effects of GCs on intestinal barrier function have received relatively little attention. This review summarizes the published studies on this matter and discusses the underlying mechanisms.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Mireia Tena-Garitaonaindia, Diego Ceacero-Heras, Maria Del Mar Maldonado Montoro, Fermin Sanchez de Medina, Olga Martinez-Augustin, Abdelali Daddaoua
Summary: In this study, the potential antibacterial effect of a standardized extract of cultured mycelium of Lentinula edodes (AHCC (R)) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa was explored. The results showed that AHCC (R) can inhibit the growth rate and biofilm formation of strain PAO1, hamper swimming and twitching motility, decrease the expression of metabolism, growth, and biofilm formation genes, diminish the levels of exotoxin A and bacteria inside host cells, and reduce the secretion of certain cytokines. This suggests that AHCC (R) has a potential role in preventing P. aeruginosa infections and may lead to the development of new therapies.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Correction
Microbiology
Mireia Tena-Garitaonaindia, Diego Ceacero-Heras, Maria Del Mar Maldonado Montoro, Fermin Sanchez de Medina, Olga Martinez-Augustin, Abdelali Daddaoua
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)