Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Diane Girard, Claire Vandiedonck
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that leads to persistent high blood sugar levels and increases the risk of cardiovascular complications. Inflammation and immune cell dysregulation play vital roles in the development and progression of both diabetes and its complications.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Anastasia Poznyak, Larisa Litvinova, Paolo Poggio, Vasily N. Sukhorukov, Alexander N. Orekhov
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and disability, associated with risk factors such as unhealthy lifestyle, genetic predisposition, and chronic diseases. Type 2 diabetes is particularly relevant, as elevated blood glucose levels may play a role in the development of heart and vascular diseases.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jiao Li, Zixian Dong, Hao Wu, Yue Liu, Yafang Chen, Si Li, Yufan Zhang, Xin Qi, Liping Wei
Summary: The TyG index is a valuable marker for predicting coronary and carotid atherosclerosis in symptomatic CAD patients, regardless of diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidaemia. It is more effective than fasting blood glucose or triglyceride levels alone in identifying atherosclerotic plaques.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yajuan Fu, Lingbo Xu, Hui Zhang, Ning Ding, Juan Zhang, Shengchao Ma, Anning Yang, Yinjv Hao, Yujing Gao, Yideng Jiang
Summary: This study identified the common differentially expressed genes associated with atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and validated CD4 and PLEK as key genes in these two diseases. This finding may contribute to the development of diagnosis and therapeutic strategies.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jinjoo Lee, Seungjin Noh, Suhyun Lim, Bonglee Kim
Summary: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major global public health issue, with plant extracts being a potential therapeutic agent due to their antidiabetic effects and fewer side effects. These extracts regulate blood glucose, possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and can alleviate complications caused by insulin resistance through various pathways.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paul-Mihai Boarescu, Ioana Boarescu, Raluca Maria Pop, Stefan Horia Rosian, Ioana Corina Bocsan, Vasile Rus, Razvan Olimpiu Mada, Iulia Diana Popa, Nicholas Neagu, Adriana Elena Bulboaca, Anca Dana Buzoianu, Sorana D. Bolboaca
Summary: This study aimed to compare the oxidative stress biomarkers, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and histological changes induced by three cardiovascular risk factors. The results showed that hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type 1 diabetes mellitus all increased oxidative stress and inflammation, with type 1 diabetes mellitus having the most significant irreversible changes on the arterial wall.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jialing Liu, Yanmei Zhang, Hongqin Sheng, Chunling Liang, Huazhen Liu, Jose Alberto Moran Guerrero, Zhaoyu Lu, Wei Mao, Zhenhua Dai, Xusheng Liu, Lei Zhang
Summary: Inflammation and lymphocyte dysfunction play crucial roles in diabetic nephropathy. Hyperoside, a flavonoid glycoside, shows therapeutic potential by promoting macrophage polarization and regulating CD4(+) T cell differentiation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kai Sun, Jiahui Luo, Xingzhi Jing, Wei Xiang, Jiachao Guo, Xudong Yao, Shuang Liang, Fengjing Guo, Tao Xu
Summary: The study demonstrated that Hyperoside (Hyp) can inhibit IL-1 beta-induced apoptosis and inflammatory responses in chondrocytes, while regulating the expression of key proteins, suggesting its potential for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Poorani Rengachar, Sailaja Polavarapu, Undurti N. Das
Summary: Our previous studies have identified certain endogenous low molecular weight lipids, particularly arachidonic acid (AA) and lipoxin A4 (LXA4), as potent anti-diabetic molecules. In addition to LXA4, protectin DX also exhibited similar anti-diabetic actions. Protectin DX prevented the development of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in mice and showed anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic actions.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Weiyi Pang, Yu Xing, Camilo L. M. Morais, Qiufeng Lao, Shengle Li, Zipeng Qiao, You Li, Maneesh N. Singh, Valerio G. Barauna, Francis L. Martin, Zhiyong Zhang
Summary: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that is of increasing global concern. The diagnosis and detection of DM and pre-diabetes are currently complicated, expensive, and time-consuming. In this study, a discriminant model was developed using attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy combined with principal component analysis linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA), which resulted in a high accuracy rate of 97% for diagnosing DM and pre-diabetes. This approach has significant clinical implications for intervention and risk reduction.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
William B. Horton, Janet K. Snell-Bergeon
Summary: This study found that different HbA1c metrics were positively correlated with coronary artery calcium volume and pericardial adipose tissue volume, and they could independently predict cardiovascular events in individuals with type 1 diabetes. These associations persisted even after adjusting for multiple cardiovascular disease risk factors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Azra Ramezankhani, Ali Siamak Habibi-Moeini, Seyed Saeed Tamehri Zadeh, Fereidoun Azizi, Farzad Hadaegh
Summary: This study examined the lifetime risk of type 2 diabetes in Iranian adults, specifically looking at the influence of family history of diabetes and body mass index (BMI). It found that both factors independently increased the risk of diabetes and that the risk was even higher when both factors were present. Additionally, the study found that individuals with a positive family history of diabetes and obesity had a significantly higher risk compared to those with a normal weight and no family history of diabetes.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Joelle E. Vergroesen, Eric F. Thee, Fariba Ahmadizar, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Bruno H. Stricker, Maryam Kavousi, Caroline C. W. Klaver, Wishal D. Ramdas
Summary: This study found associations between diabetes medication and common eye diseases, suggesting that metformin is associated with a lower risk of OAG and other diabetes medications are associated with a lower risk of AMD.
JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Suangson Supabphol, Wunchana Seubwai, Sopit Wongkham, Charupong Saengboonmee
Summary: The association of cancer and diabetes mellitus has been studied for decades, with high glucose levels playing a key role in promoting cancer aggressiveness. Clinical studies have shown that controlling plasma glucose levels can improve the prognoses of cancer patients with comorbid DM.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuwen Shi, Mengcheng Jiang, Yuhang Zhang, Yuanyuan Diao, Na Li, Weipeng Liu, Zhidong Qiu, Ye Qiu, Ailing Jia
Summary: This study prepared hybrid nanomicelles containing hyperoside and evaluated their effects on atherosclerosis. The results showed that these nanomicelles reduced the aortic plaque area, lowered lipid levels, decreased inflammatory factors, and improved gut bacteria. The nanomicelles also regulated gut flora and lipid metabolism, and inhibited inflammatory responses. These beneficial effects may be mediated by inhibiting NF-κB signal activation and improving gut microflora and dyslipidemia.