Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Krzysztof Laudanski
Summary: Humanized mice as a model for sepsis offer unique insights into certain infectious pathogens, but current studies are relatively sparse and based on multiple different models and animals, indicating a need for further exploration and refinement.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dominique L. Brooks, Manuel J. Carrasco, Ping Qu, William H. Peranteau, Rebecca C. Ahrens-Nicklas, Kiran Musunuru, Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh, Xiao Wang
Summary: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the PAH gene, resulting in harmful levels of phenylalanine (Phe) in the blood. Current treatments are inadequate in normalizing Phe levels. The P281L variant is common in PKU patients. This study demonstrates the correction of the P281L variant in liver cells and mice using base editing, leading to complete and durable normalization of blood Phe levels within 48 hours. This research provides a potential definitive treatment for a subset of PKU patients.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Kimberly Schmitt, James Z. Curlin, Leila Remling-Mulder, Tawfik Aboellail, Ramesh Akkina
Summary: In this study, neonatal humanized mice were used to model congenital zika syndrome (CZS) and evaluate the viral effects on human hematopoietic stem cells. The mice exhibited symptoms of stunted growth, abnormal posture, ruffled fur, and ocular defects, along with gross pathologies in the brain and visceral organs. The study confirmed that ZIKV actively infected human CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells and restricted the development of terminally differentiated B cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ruka Nakasone, Mariko Ashina, Takumi Kido, Harunori Miyauchi, Masafumi Saito, Shigeaki Inoue, Masakazu Shinohara, Kandai Nozu, Kazumichi Fujioka
Summary: The study investigates the impact of initial low-dose septic challenge on neonatal sepsis mortality, showing that prior exposure to a non-lethal challenge significantly reduces the occurrence of lethal sepsis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Fritz Lai, Cherry Yong Yi Wee, Qingfeng Chen
Summary: Viral hepatitis, especially Hepatitis B Virus, remains a global health issue with vaccines being the primary preventive measure. Long term circulation of HBV can be detrimental to the liver and pose challenges to the human immune system.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Isha Karnik, Zhisheng Her, Shu Hui Neo, Wai Nam Liu, Qingfeng Chen
Summary: Cancer therapeutics have been extensively studied in the past decade, with a focus on targeted modalities and immunotherapy. The adverse side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors have underlined the need for clinically relevant animal models. Humanized mouse models have emerged as valuable tools for pre-clinical research, enabling the evaluation of efficacy and safety of immunotherapy, as well as the investigation of novel disease mechanisms.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
James C. Tarrant, Zev A. Binder, Mattia Bugatti, William Vermi, Joost van den Oord, Brona Ranieri, Charles-Antoine Assenmacher, Natalie Hoepp, Donald M. O'Rourke, Xiaochuan Shan, Gwenn Danet-Desnoyers, Enrico Radaelli
Summary: Humanized NSGS mice generated from the transplantation of CD34+ hHSC developed a fatal MAS-like phenotype characterized by hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, anemia, and disseminated histiocytosis with infiltrates of activated macrophages. The mice exhibited a mixture of human and mouse macrophages in the affected tissues, with inflammasome activation observed in both species. The condition often developed despite low chimerism in peripheral blood, urging caution in long-term studies utilizing huNSGS mice.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Yonghong Luo, Haocheng Lu, Daoquan Peng, Xiangbo Ruan, Yuqing Eugene Chen, Yanhong Guo
Summary: Liver-humanized mice, established by reconstituting mouse liver with human hepatocytes, have emerged as an attractive animal model to study drug metabolism and evaluate therapeutic effects in human liver due to their ability to replicate enzymatic features of human hepatocytes. However, the uncertain replication of metabolic profiles compared to humans limits their application in studying metabolic disorders.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ji Hye Jeong, Sujin Park, Sangyeon Lee, Yeounhee Kim, In Kyong Shim, Seong-Yun Jeong, Eun Kyung Choi, Jinju Kim, Eunsung Jun
Summary: A pancreatic cancer model using humanized mice was constructed to monitor tumor growth and investigate the correlation between immune cell count and tumor ECM density. Tumor-derived cells and organoids with continuous passage capacity were isolated from the model for testing the efficacy of targeted immunotherapeutic agents.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Asalef Endazanaw, Tefera Mulugeta, Fikertemariam Abebe, Yohannes Godie, Yitayal Guadie, Dires Birhanu, Esmelealem Mihretu
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the treatment outcome and associated factors of neonatal sepsis among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units in public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The results showed that factors such as gestational age, grunting, meconium amniotic stained, duration of rupture of membrane, hypertensive PIH/Eclampsia, meropenem use, and CRP positive result were significantly associated with poor treatment outcome of neonatal sepsis. The study concluded that empirical treatment was crucial for managing neonatal sepsis in this setting and recommended screening and appropriate interventions for high-risk mothers.
Article
Hematology
Yannick Rabouel, Stephanie Magnenat, Floryna Lefebvre, Xavier Delabranche, Christian Gachet, Beatrice Hechler
Summary: Platelets play a complex role in sepsis, with depletion of circulating platelets worsening septic shock. Transfusion of washed platelets, whether fully functional or treated with antiplatelet drugs, did not have significant beneficial effects in mice.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Magdalena Pilarczyk-Zurek, Grzegorz Majka, Beata Skowron, Agnieszka Baranowska, Monika Piwowar, Magdalena Strus
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of lactoferrin in inhibiting the development of late-onset blood infection in neonates. The findings suggest that lactoferrin can suppress bacterial translocation and fortify the intestinal barrier, which is crucial for preventing and treating neonatal sepsis.
Article
Oncology
Veronica L. Nagle, Charli Ann J. Hertz, Kelly E. Henry, Maya S. Graham, Carl Campos, Nagavarakishore Pillarsetty, Andrea Schietinger, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Jason S. Lewis
Summary: This study explores the use of anti-human-CD4 minibody for antibody-based PET to visualize human CD4(+) T cells. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, it is found that this method can accurately detect CD4(+) T cells without impacting their abundance, proliferation, and activation state. In humanized mice, this method can also visualize the distribution of CD4(+) T cells in peripheral tissues and brain tumors.
MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lufen Duan, Qin Zhou, Zongtai Feng, Chenqi Zhu, Yan Cai, Sannan Wang, Meiying Zhu, Jingjing Li, Yunlong Yuan, Xin Liu, Jiantong Sun, Zuming Yang, Lian Tang
Summary: Linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia (LIT) is a major limitation for the clinical use of linezolid (LZD). The regression model of seven variables had high predictive value for LIT in neonatal sepsis patients. LIT was correlated with higher trough concentration and lower volume of distribution.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Eline Hasselgard Stordal, Anne Lee Solevag, Jorgen Vildershoj Bjornholt, Arild Ronnestad, Hans Jorgen Stensvold
Summary: The study found that early-onset sepsis was mainly caused by group B streptococci, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, all of which were susceptible to empiric ampicillin and gentamicin. Late-onset sepsis was mainly caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococci, which were sensitive to vancomycin and cefotaxime.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Carolin E. M. Jakob, Stefan Borgmann, Fazilet Duygu, Uta Behrends, Martin Hower, Uta Merle, Anette Friedrichs, Lukas Tometten, Frank Hanses, Norma Jung, Siegbert Rieg, Kai Wille, Beate Gruener, Hartwig Klinker, Nicole Gersbacher-Runge, Kerstin Hellwig, Lukas Eberwein, Sebastian Dolff, Dominic Rauschning, Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon, Julia Lanznaster, Richard Strauss, Janina Trauth, Katja de With, Maria Ruethrich, Catherina Lueck, Jacob Nattermann, Lene Tscharntke, Lisa Pilgram, Sandra Fuhrmann, Annika Classen, Melanie Stecher, Maximilian Schons, Christoph Spinner, Joerg Janne Vehreschild
Summary: The LEOSS cohort study identified age, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and male sex as risk factors for complicated disease stages at SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, confirming previous findings. Further research on COVID-19 outcomes and treatment effects is needed.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Florian Hitzenbichler, Arno Mohr, Daniele Camboni, Michaela Simon, Bernd Salzberger, Frank Hanses
Summary: Four cases of Gram-positive bacteremia originating from intravascular sources, including left ventricular assist devices, transfemoral aortic valve implantation, and prosthetic aortic valves, were effectively suppressed with dalbavancin therapy without significant side effects.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sabine Julia Maria Sag, Karin Menhart, Jirka Grosse, Florian Hitzenbichler, Frank Hanses, Arno Mohr, Bernd Salzberger, Matthaus Zerdzitzki, Michael Hilker, Leopold Rupprecht, Dirk Hellwig, Christof Schmid, Lars Siegfried Maier, Can Martin Sag
Summary: This study assessed the diagnostic value of FDG PET/CT in surgically managed IE patients. Results showed that combining FDG PET/CT with Duke criteria can increase the diagnostic sensitivity in PVE patients, with patients having false-negative scans observed to have higher prosthesis age.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lisa Pilgram, Lukas Eberwein, Kai Wille, Felix C. Koehler, Melanie Stecher, Siegbert Rieg, Jan T. Kielstein, Carolin E. M. Jakob, Maria Ruthrich, Volker Burst, Fabian Prasser, Stefan Borgmann, Roman-Ulrich Mueller, Julia Lanznaster, Nora Isberner, Lukas Tometten, Sebastian Dolff
Summary: In CKD patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, age, lactate dehydrogenase levels, platelet count, anemia, and C-reactive protein levels were identified as important predictive factors for mortality, while renal replacement therapy was not associated with mortality.
Article
Emergency Medicine
Siegmund Lang, Markus Rupp, Frank Hanses, Carsten Neumann, Markus Loibl, Volker Alt
Summary: Pyogenic spondylodiscitis and implant-associated vertebral osteomyelitis are important diseases with the risk of neurological complications. Early diagnosis is essential, with treatment options including conservative and surgical approaches.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nina N. Kleineberg, Samuel Knauss, Eileen Guelke, Hans O. Pinnschmidt, Carolin E. M. Jakob, Paul Lingor, Kerstin Hellwig, Achim Berthele, Guenter Hoeglinger, Gereon R. Fink, Matthias Endres, Christian Gerloff, Christine Klein, Melanie Stecher, Annika Y. Classen, Siegbert Rieg, Stefan Borgmann, Frank Hanses, Maria M. Ruethrich, Martin Hower, Lukas Tometten, Martina Haselberger, Christiane Piepel, Uta Merle, Sebastian Dolff, Christian Degenhardt, Bjoern-Erik O. Jensen, Maria J. G. T. Vehreschild, Johanna Erber, Christiana Franke, Clemens Warnke
Summary: This study analyzed real-world data from a multinational registry to evaluate the clinical relevance of neurological signs, symptoms, and complications in COVID-19 patients. The findings suggest that excessive tiredness and prior neurodegenerative diseases increase the risk of an unfavorable short-term outcome, while prior cerebrovascular and neuroimmunological diseases are not associated with an unfavorable outcome.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Benjamin Kraemer, Rainer Knoll, Lorenzo Bonaguro, Michael ToVinh, Jan Raabe, Rosario Astaburuaga-Garcia, Jonas Schulte-Schrepping, Kim Melanie Kaiser, Gereon J. Rieke, Jenny Bischoff, Malte B. Monin, Christoph Hoffmeister, Stefan Schlabe, Elena De Domenico, Nico Reusch, Kristian Haendler, Gary Reynolds, Nils Bluethgen, Gudrun Hack, Claudia Finnemann, Hans D. Nischalke, Christian P. Strassburg, Emily Stephenson, Yapeng Su, Louis Gardner, Dan Yuan, Daniel Chen, Jason Goldman, Philipp Rosenstiel, Susanne Schmidt, Eicke Latz, Kevin Hrusovsky, Andrew J. Ball, Joe M. Johnson, Paul-Albert Koenig, Florian Schmidt, Muzlifah Haniffa, James R. Heath, Beate M. Kuemmerer, Verena Keitel, Bjoern Jensen, Paula Stubbemann, Florian Kurth, Leif E. Sander, Birgit Sawitzki, Anna C. Aschenbrenner, Joachim L. Schultze, Jacob Nattermann
Summary: The study revealed differences in IFN-α and TNF responses between severe and moderate COVID-19 cases, with NK cells playing a role in anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity but being functionally impaired in severe patients, and NK cell dysfunction potentially impacting disease outcome in severe COVID-19 patients.
Article
Virology
Martin Dugas, Tanja Grote-Westrick, Uta Merle, Michaela Fontenay, Andreas E. Kremer, Frank Hanses, Richard Vollenberg, Eva Lorentzen, Shilpa Tiwari-Heckler, Jerome Duchemin, Syrine Ellouze, Marcel Vetter, Julia Fuerst, Philipp Schuster, Tobias Brix, Claudia M. Denkinger, Carsten Mueller-Tidow, Hartmut Schmidt, Phil-Robin Tepasse, Joachim Kuehn
Summary: The study analyzed the importance of seroreactivity against seasonal human coronaviruses in COVID-19 patients and found that patients who were OC43 negative were more likely to develop critical illness. A risk stratification based on sex and OC43 serostatus proved to be useful in predicting critical disease progression.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Manuel J. Vogel, Julian Mustroph, Stephan T. Staudner, Simon B. Leininger, Ute Hubauer, Stefan Wallner, Christine Meindl, Frank Hanses, Markus Zimmermann, Lars S. Maier, Carsten G. Jungbauer, Julian Hupf
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between tubular markers KIM-1 and NAG with AKI and severe disease in COVID-19 patients. Results showed that KIM-1 was significantly elevated in COVID-19 patients, indicating a potential higher risk for clinical deterioration and ICU admission.
JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stefanie Warnat-Herresthal, Hartmut Schultze, Krishnaprasad Lingadahalli Shastry, Sathyanarayanan Manamohan, Saikat Mukherjee, Vishesh Garg, Ravi Sarveswara, Kristian Haendler, Peter Pickkers, N. Ahmad Aziz, Sofia Ktena, Florian Tran, Michael Bitzer, Stephan Ossowski, Nicolas Casadei, Christian Herr, Daniel Petersheim, Uta Behrends, Fabian Kern, Tobias Fehlmann, Philipp Schommers, Clara Lehmann, Max Augustin, Jan Rybniker, Janine Altmueller, Neha Mishra, Joana P. Bernardes, Benjamin Kraemer, Lorenzo Bonaguro, Jonas Schulte-Schrepping, Elena De Domenico, Christian Siever, Michael Kraut, Milind Desai, Bruno Monnet, Maria Saridaki, Charles Martin Siegel, Anna Drews, Melanie Nuesch-Germano, Heidi Theis, Jan Heyckendorf, Stefan Schreiber, Sarah Kim-Hellmuth, Jacob Nattermann, Dirk Skowasch, Ingo Kurth, Andreas Keller, Robert Bals, Peter Nuernberg, Olaf Riess, Philip Rosenstiel, Mihai G. Netea, Fabian Theis, Sach Mukherjee, Michael Backes, Anna C. Aschenbrenner, Thomas Ulas, Monique M. B. Breteler, Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Matthijs Kox, Matthias Becker, Sorin Cheran, Michael S. Woodacre, Eng Lim Goh, Joachim L. Schultze
Summary: The study introduces Swarm Learning, a decentralized machine-learning approach that integrates medical data globally while complying with local privacy regulations. Using over 16,400 blood transcriptomes and more than 95,000 chest X-ray images, the research shows that Swarm Learning classifiers outperform those developed at individual sites.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kerstin Renner, Tobias Schwittay, Sophia Chaabane, Johanna Gottschling, Christine Mueller, Charlotte Tiefenboeck, Jan-Niklas Salewski, Frederike Winter, Simone Buchtler, Saidou Balam, Maximilian V. Malfertheiner, Matthias Lubnow, Dirk Lunz, Bernhard Graf, Florian Hitzenbichler, Frank Hanses, Hendrik Poeck, Marina Kreutz, Evelyn Orso, Ralph Burkhardt, Tanja Niedermair, Christoph Brochhausen, Andre Gessner, Bernd Salzberger, Matthias Mack
Summary: This study reveals the presence of T cell hyporeactivity in COVID-19 patients, predominantly influenced by plasma factors, and associated with poor prognosis and viral persistence. Monocytes in males exhibit stronger responses to COVID-19, and IL-2 can partially restore T cell activation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David Meintrup, Stefan Borgmann, Karlheinz Seidl, Melanie Stecher, Carolin E. M. Jakob, Lisa Pilgram, Christoph D. Spinner, Siegbert Rieg, Nora Isberner, Martin Hower, Maria Vehreschild, Siri Goepel, Frank Hanses, Martina Nowak-Machen
Summary: Specific risk factors for fatal outcome in critically ill COVID-19 patients were identified through a study involving 840 patients, with a logistic regression model developed to show their odds ratios.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Maximilian J. Schons, Amke Caliebe, Christoph D. Spinner, Annika Y. Classen, Lisa Pilgram, Maria M. Ruethrich, Jan Rupp, Susana Nunes de Miranda, Christoph Rommele, Janne Vehreschild, Bjoern-Erik Jensen, Maria Vehreschild, Christian Degenhardt, Stefan Borgmann, Martin Hower, Frank Hanses, Martina Haselberger, Anette K. Friedrichs
Summary: The use of antibiotics in COVID-19 patients did not show any positive effects on overall mortality or disease progression, additional studies are needed to further understand this issue and improve rational antibiotic use for COVID-19 patients.
Article
Immunology
Jon Salmanton-Garcia, Rosanne Sprute, Jannik Stemler, Michele Bartoletti, Damien Dupont, Maricela Valerio, Carolina Garcia-Vidal, Iker Falces-Romero, Marina Machado, Sofia de la Villa, Maria Schroeder, Irma Hoyo, Frank Hanses, Kennio Ferreira-Paim, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Jacques F. Meis, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Azucena Rodriguez-Guardado, Spinello Antinori, Ertan Sal, Xhorxha Malaj, Danila Seidel, Oliver A. Cornely, Philipp Koehler
Summary: This study found that most patients with coronavirus disease-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) are diagnosed shortly after admission, with the majority being treated in the ICU. Azole-resistant strains of Aspergillus fumigatus were common in patients, and voriconazole was the main treatment choice. The overall mortality rate was approximately 52.2%, with about one third of deaths attributed to CAPA.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Infectious Diseases
Lene Tscharntke, Norma Jung, Siegbert Rieg, Christoph Spinner, Frank Hanses, Stefan Borgmann, Kai Wille, Maria Ruethrich, Martin Hower, Maria Vehreschild, Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon, Uta Merle, Silvio Nadalin, Julia Fuerst, Hartwig Klinker, Kerstin Hellwig, Ribel Elena, Claudia Raichle, Lukas Eberwein, Anette Friedrichs, Dominic Rauschning, Katja de With, Beate Schultheis, Milena Milovanovic, Katja Rothfuss, Christian Riedel, Joerg Schubert, Maximilian Worm, Thomas Glueck, Gernot Beutel, Marc Bota, Michael Schmid, Michael Doll, Martin Sprinzl, Stephan Steiner, Stefani Roeseler, Helga Peetz, Caroline Kann, Harald Schaefer, Ingo Greiffendorf, Maximilian Schons, Carolin E. M. Jakob, Lisa Pilgram, Melanie Stecher, Joerg Janne Vehreschild