Article
Polymer Science
Xianghui Shi, Yong Pan, Yuguo Wang, Zhimeng Jia, Tingting Chen, Junhui Gong, Juncheng Jiang
Summary: The surface-modified ammonium polyphosphate (APP@Si-171) exhibited better dispersion and reduced agglomeration tendencies compared to pure APP, and showed a significant synergistic flame-retardant effect with graphene in high-impact polystyrene (HIPS). The addition of flame retardants delayed the onset and peak temperatures in differential thermogravimetry curves, and weakened the peak heat release rate and total heat release.
Article
Polymer Science
Feiyue Wang, Jiahao Liao, Miaotian Long, Long Yan, Mengtao Cai
Summary: A unique hybridized intumescent flame retardant named reduced-graphene-oxide-modified ammonium polyphosphate (RGO-APP) was successfully synthesized and applied in epoxy resin (EP) for flame retardancy reinforcement. RGO-APP significantly reduces heat release and smoke production from EP, enhances fire safety, and improves tensile strength and elastic modulus of EP. This work provides a new strategy for the modification of ammonium polyphosphate, facilitating its application in polymeric materials.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qing Zhang, Huiyuan Liu, Junxia Guan, Xiaochun Yang, Baojing Luo
Summary: In this study, phosphating sesbania gum (DESG) was obtained by modifying sesbania gum (SG), and flame-retardant polylactic acid (PLA) composites were prepared by blending with DESG and ammonium polyphosphate (APP). The experimental results showed that the synergistic effect of DESG and APP effectively improved the flame retardancy of PLA.
Article
Polymer Science
Weimiao Lu, Jiewang Ye, Lianghai Zhu, Zhenfu Jin, Yuji Matsumoto
Summary: This study investigated the flame retardancy and mechanism of lignosulfonate (LS) as a char forming agent in intumescent flame retardants (IFR) instead of pentaerythritol (PER) in rigid polyurethane (RPU) foams. The results showed that LS could effectively enhance the flame retardancy and thermal stability of RPU foams, forming a continuous and relatively compact char layer.
Article
Polymer Science
Qining Ke, Junchen Bai, Ge Zhang, Jiacheng Zhang, Mingshu Yang
Summary: A linear vinyl polysiloxane (PD) was synthesized and self-crosslinked under benzoyl peroxide to prepare surface-coated ammonium polyphosphate (APP@PD), which exhibited high hydrophobicity. PP/APP@PD/DPER showed better flame retardancy, water resistance, and mechanical properties compared to PP/APP/DPER composites. The improvement in compatibility and flame retardancy was attributed to the reduced interfacial free energy (IFE) between APP@PD and PP.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Fuqiang Dong, Zhonglin Luo, Biaobing Wang
Summary: The combination of HP-Mn and APP significantly enhanced the flame retardancy of PP, reducing heat release rate, total heat release, and smoke production rate. SEM and Raman analysis indicated that Mn2+ catalyzed the formation of a continuous and compact carbon layer with high graphitization, improving the flame retardancy of PP/APP composites.
Article
Polymer Science
Qin Ma, Jing Lu, Jianqi Yao, Jiajie Yin, Ruiyan Zhang, Faliang Luo
Summary: Intumescent flame retardant system with polylactide as carbonizing agent, melamine formaldehyde encapsulated ammonium polyphosphate as flame retardant system, and acidic molecular sieve as synergist, showed improved flame suppression performance in PLA composites. The addition of acidic synergist reduced the total smoke release and increased the limited oxygen index of the composites.
JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Tao Chen, Xin-Ya Liu, Ting Wang, Lei He, Jin-Ni Deng, Zhi-Cheng Fu, Tian-Bao Zhao, Chang-Lin Xia, Zhi-hui Liu, Ming-Jun Chen
Summary: In this study, hydroxylated melamine (MOH) was synthesized and used as a charring and blowing agent in combination with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to develop an intumescent flame retardant for epoxy resin. The resulting APP/MOH system significantly improved the flame retardancy of epoxy resin, achieving a LOI value of 32.5% and reaching UL 94 V-0 standards. Compared to other flame retardant systems, such as APP/PER, the APP/MOH system exhibited lower peak heat release rate and peak smoke production rate.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhu-Bao Shao, Tian-Ci Wang, Xue-Bao Lin, Xiang Song, Jing Cui, Shuai Zhang, Longxiang Zhu
Summary: A nanolayered double hydroxide/ ammonium polyphosphate (BLDH@APP) composite was prepared to reduce fire hazard and improve the mechanical performances of epoxy resin (EP). The 4B-LDH@APP/EP achieved the UL-94 V-0 rating and showed superior flame-safety performance compared to 4APP/EP. The fire growth rate, peak heat release rate, and peak smoke production rate of 4B-LDH@APP/EP decreased significantly, which can be attributed to the excellent synergistic flame-retardant effect among boron, LDH, and APP.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Koki Matsumoto, Tatsuya Tanaka, Masahiro Sasada, Noriyuki Sano, Kenta Masuyama
Summary: This study demonstrated that a V-0 rating can be achieved in polymer composites by incorporating a high amount of cellulose and a small amount of APP, regardless of the type of polymer matrix used. Through analysis, it was found that APP lowered the dehydration temperature of cellulose and promoted the generation of nonflammable gas and char during polymer degradation. The conditions suggested for achieving the V-0 rating were validated using a highly flammable polymer.
Article
Polymer Science
Song Wang, Weidong Wu, Qi Chen, Zhan Ding, Sanxi Li, Ailing Zhang, Tao Tang, Jie Liu, Patrick U. Okoye
Summary: In this study, a magnesium phosphate whisker (DPM-H) was synthesized and a new synergistic intumescent flame retardant (IFR) for epoxy resin (EP) was developed. The experimental results showed that the IFR significantly improved the flame retardancy of the EP and partially solved the negative effect caused by the addition of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) on the mechanical properties of the EP.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Zheng Yang, Xueting Chen, Shike Lu, Zhenhua Wang, Jiantong Li, Baoying Liu, Xiaomin Fang, Tao Ding, Yuanqing Xu
Summary: The ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was modified by a titanate coupling agent to form a new type of intumescent flame retardant (Ti-IFR) when compounded with benzoxazine (BOZ) and melamine (ME). CaCO3 was used as a synergist with Ti-IFR to modify polyoxymethylene (POM). The flame-retardant properties and mechanism of the composites were analyzed, and it was found that Ti-IFR enhanced the gas phase flame retardant effect, while CaCO3 strengthened the barrier effect in the condensed phase. When used together, they exhibited excellent synergistic effect.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jorge Albite-Ortega, Saul Sanchez-Valdes, Eduardo Ramirez-Vargas, Francisco Javier Medellin-Rodriguez, Luis Francisco Ramos DeValle, Oliverio Santiago Rodriguez-Fernandez, Jorge Enrique Rivera-Salinas, Juan Guillermo Martinez-Colunga, Luciano Da-Silva, Ana Beatriz Morales-Cepeda, Zalma Vanesa Sanchez-Martinez, Jose David Zuluaga-Parra
Summary: In this study, the combination of keratin fibers from poultry feathers and chitosan was used to enhance the flame-retardant properties of polypropylene composites. The effect of different additives, as well as the use of functionalized polypropylene with ammonium polyphosphate as a compatibilizer, was analyzed. The results showed that the combination of these additives significantly improved the flame-retardant characteristics and mechanical properties of the composites, while also increasing thermal stability.
FIRE AND MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Lei Yu, Guochao Yang, Xuanye Wang, Jian Fang
Summary: This study employed an in-situ precipitation method to construct a double-shell ammonium polyphosphate microcapsule, with ethyl cellulose and nano-silica serving as shell materials. The microcapsule exhibited improved flame retardancy and fire safety, as evidenced by significant reductions in both maximum heat release rate and total heat release. The real-time Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectrum analyses revealed the combustion process of the modified kraft paper. Physical and hygroscopicity tests demonstrated superior compatibility of the microcapsule with substrates.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Fanchao Zeng, Yonghuan Zhao, Yang Meng, Juanjuan Su, Jian Han
Summary: In this study, organic-inorganic-modified ammonium polyphosphate (APP) flame retardant was prepared using a sol-gel method and successfully added into polyurethane to enhance its flame retardancy. The results showed that VTSAPP significantly improved the LOI value of PU and reduced the smoke released during combustion.
JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jiaxin Ren, Yang Ding, Jiang Gong, Jinping Qu, Ran Niu
Summary: This study presents a facile and cost-effective method to prepare photothermal materials and integrates them with a thermoelectric module for efficient solar evaporation and electricity generation. The hybrid device exhibits a high evaporation rate and power output under irradiation, outperforming most previously reported solar-driven electricity generation devices.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Kai Feng, Jiang Gong, Jinping Qu, Ran Niu
Summary: In this study, a new dual-mode-driven micromotor based on foam-like carbon nitride and precipitated Fe3O4 nanoparticles was proposed for rapid reduction of organic pollutants. The micromotor exhibited efficient photocatalytic performance under visible light and versatile motion behavior under the control of external magnetic fields. The study provides a novel method for antibiotics removal in industrial wastewater treatment with magnetic field and light-enhanced performance at a low cost.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jiaxin Ren, Ling Chen, Jiang Gong, Jinping Qu, Ran Niu
Summary: Porous hydrogel evaporators with tunable molecular and microporous structure are fabricated using a freeze-soak method based on the Hofmeister effect. These hydrogels exhibit adjustable water transport rate, exceptional desalination performance, and tunable water states. Integration with a thermoelectric module enables low-grade heat to electricity conversion.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Huiying Bai, Panpan He, Liang Hao, Zifen Fan, Ran Niu, Tao Tang, Jiang Gong
Summary: Catalytic conversion of waste plastics into semiconductive metal-organic framework (MOF) achieves freshwater production and water decontamination through interfacial solar evaporation and photocatalysis, as well as advances upcycling of waste plastics. However, developing synergistic photothermal-photocatalysis materials from recycled plastics remains a challenge.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zifen Fan, Jiaxin Ren, Huiying Bai, Panpan He, Liang Hao, Ning Liu, Bingyu Chen, Ran Niu, Jiang Gong
Summary: This study demonstrates the construction of flexible MnO/C nanoparticle-based solar evaporators for simultaneous interfacial solar evaporation and thermo-electricity generation. The solar evaporator exhibits high evaporation rate and solar-to-vapor conversion efficiency, and can recover low-grade heat for thermoelectric conversion when integrated with a thermoelectric module.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ling Chen, Jiaxin Ren, Jiang Gong, Jinping Qu, Ran Niu
Summary: In this study, a cost-effective and scalable method using water as a foaming agent was proposed to construct self-floating monolith 3D xerogel foams for interfacial solar energy conversion-driven steam generation and low-grade heat-to-electricity conversion. The xerogel foam evaporator achieved efficient water evaporation without salt accumulation, with an evaporation rate of 3.39 kg m-2h-1 and electric power output of 0.63 W m-2 under 1 Sun illumination.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jiaxin Li, Fei Dou, Jiang Gong, Yanshen Gao, Yumeng Hua, Krzysztof Sielicki, Dengsong Zhang, Ewa Mijowska, Xuecheng Chen
Summary: To tackle the increasing production of municipal plastics, efforts have been made to recycle plastic waste into high-value-added products. With the introduction of transition-metal catalysts (Co3O4), mixed-waste plastics (PP/PE/PS) were carbonized into yolk-shell-structured (YSS) Co3O4@C nanomaterials with a high carbon yield of 49 wt%. These materials exhibited a high capacity of 1066 mAh g-1 and excellent cycling stability and rate performance in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This strategy provides a potential approach for recycling waste plastics and mass producing high-performance nanosized anode materials for LIBs in a commercial manner.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kai Feng, Ling Chen, Xinle Zhang, Jiang Gong, Jinping Qu, Ran Niu
Summary: This minireview summarizes the principles and interactions for the assembly of isotropic active particles to generate micromotor swarms, presents recent discoveries based on either catalytic or external physical field-stimulated micromotor swarms, and outlines the strategies for the reconstruction and motion control of micromotor swarms in complex environments.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kai Feng, Liang Zhang, Jiang Gong, Jinping Qu, Ran Niu
Summary: We developed a light-induced strategy to disperse aggregated bulk covalent organic frameworks (COFs) into isolated COF nanoparticles. Metal-coordinated COFs, specifically COF-909-Cu, -Co, or -Fe, were used to design COF-based micro/nanomotors. Metal ions decorated in the COF-909 backbone promoted electron-hole separation and triggered the production of ionic and reactive oxygen species under visible light irradiation, resulting in efficient dispersion of COFs. Among them, COF-909-Fe showed the best dispersion performance and significantly reduced particle size, leading to enhanced photocatalytic degradation efficiency for tetracycline.
GREEN ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiangjin Han, Zhiyue Dong, Liang Hao, Jiang Gong, Qiang Zhao
Summary: Graphene oxide (GO) is a promising candidate for solar absorbers to address freshwater crisis, but its easy delamination in water poses a challenge for practical solar desalination. By using a self-crosslinking poly (ionic liquid) (PIL), the stability of GO membranes is improved without affecting the hydrophilic structure of GO. The addition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) further enhances the stability of the GO/CNT@PIL (GCP) membrane and reduces water evaporation enthalpy, resulting in a high evaporation rate and long-time durability under irradiation. The GCP membrane also works well with different water sources and shows potential for practical solar seawater desalination.
GREEN ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhipeng Liu, Zhi Gong, Xiaolong Li, Jiaxin Ren, Jiang Gong, Jinping Qu, Ran Niu
Summary: This study proposes a cost-effective approach to construct 3D biodegradable foams by combining melt blending and surface coating, which show high performance in simultaneous solar-vapor conversion and thermoelectricity generation. The foam exhibits fast water supply and super-photothermal conversion, and can generate electricity in outdoor environments for powering small devices.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zifen Fan, Panpan He, Huiying Bai, Jie Liu, Huajian Liu, Lijie Liu, Ran Niu, Jiang Gong
Summary: This study reports the fabrication of a sustainable solar evaporator capable of freshwater production and contaminant degradation. The researchers produced Ni-MOF nanorods from waste poly(ethylene terephthalate) and constructed bifunctional Ni-MOF-based evaporators. These evaporators demonstrated high evaporation rates and excellent flexibility/durability.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
B. Chen, L. Liu, Y. Song, H. Liu, Z. Gong, Y. She, J. Liu, R. Niu, J. Gong
Summary: This study presents a novel strategy for converting waste PET into Cr-MOF hexahedra with abundant active sites and large specific surface area, and fabricating multifunctional chromium-based metal-organic framework/carbon nanotube composite solar evaporators for interfacial solar-driven steam generation and pollutant removal. The composite evaporator exhibits high light absorption, photothermal conversion efficiency, super-hydrophilicity, low thermal coefficient, and high evaporation rate. The chromium sites of Cr-MOF and local solar heat contribute to the activation of peroxymonosulfate for pollutant degradation. In practical applications, the system achieves high freshwater production and pollutant degradation efficiency.
MATERIALS TODAY SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Huiying Bai, Panpan He, Liang Hao, Ning Liu, Zifen Fan, Bingyu Chen, Ran Niu, Jiang Gong
Summary: This study presents a self-floating bifunctional evaporator for interfacial solar-driven water production and photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. The evaporator demonstrates fast water transport, high light absorption, and excellent evaporation performance, producing 13 kg of freshwater per square meter and achieving 99.8% dye degradation efficiency.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Panpan He, Huiying Bai, Zifen Fan, Liang Hao, Ning Liu, Bingyu Chen, Ran Niu, Jiang Gong
Summary: In this study, a bifunctional interfacial solar-driven evaporator was constructed for freshwater production and organic pollutant degradation. The evaporator showed a high evaporation rate and excellent degradation performance, providing an innovative solution to address freshwater scarcity and water contamination issues.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
