Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Maria Rosaria Rizzo, Giuseppe Paolisso
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 infection has spread globally, affecting older individuals disproportionately. Despite respiratory symptoms being the main clinical feature, neurological manifestations are common. Data on potential long-term damages and cognitive impairment in older COVID-19 survivors are lacking.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gemma Spiers, Elisabeth Boulton, Lynne Corner, Dawn Craig, Stuart Parker, Chris Todd, Barbara Hanratty
Summary: This study analyzes existing data to understand the concerns of people living with multiple long-term conditions and identify priorities for future research. The findings highlight the inadequate care received by older people with multiple long-term conditions and emphasize the need for a holistic approach to care. Future research and policy should focus on these key areas to provide effective and meaningful support for people living with multiple long-term conditions.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Amy Savage, Hilary Bambrick, Danielle Gallegos
Summary: This study found that climate extremes directly affected the FNS of people in the two study villages, with indirect effects on nutrition transition, cultural practices, and food choices. The impacts are influenced by structural vulnerabilities and local resiliencies, highlighting the need to strengthen the adaptive capacity and resilience of communities to promote long-term health and food security.
WEATHER AND CLIMATE EXTREMES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yan Xie, Evan Xu, Benjamin Bowe, Ziyad Al-Aly
Summary: Individuals with COVID-19, even those who were not hospitalized during the acute phase of the infection, are at an increased long-term risk of various cardiovascular disorders. A study using national healthcare databases found that beyond the first 30 days after infection, individuals with COVID-19 have an elevated risk of developing cerebrovascular disorders, heart diseases, and other cardiovascular complications. The risk increases depending on the care setting during the acute phase.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Aoife O'Neill, John McFarland, Dervla Kelly
Summary: This study found that in older adults, the rate of antidepressant use ranged from 6% to 10% over a 6-year period. Three distinct classes of antidepressant use were identified, with 6% categorized as long-term users who often had chronic conditions. However, there was a low uptake of psychological and psychiatric services among this group.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Tongda Sun, Xiuli Liu, Wenyin Jiang, Xiaoxin Dong, Minmin Jiang, Lu Li
Summary: This study aimed to explore the changes in performance, weaknesses, and utilization of the long-term care system for older people with disabilities and dementia in Zhejiang Province, China. A performance evaluation model was constructed using three dimensions: input, process, and outcome. The results showed significant improvements in most LTC performance indicators, but certain indicators showed no improvement or tended to decline.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Nursing
Pi-Hua Huang, Shou-Yu Wang, Sophia H. Hu, Yeu-Hui Chuang
Summary: Loneliness is a common negative emotional feeling among older residents in long-term care facilities, which is associated with depression, lower quality of life, cardiovascular disease, and suicidal thoughts. This study explored the perceptions of loneliness among older residents in LTCFs through in-depth interviews. The findings highlight the themes of disrupted meaningful relationships, tears of pain, feeling alone, and lacking a sense of belonging. This study provides valuable insights for healthcare professionals to better understand and address loneliness in older residents.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH NURSING
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alec Kurtz, Kenneth Grant, Rachel Marano, Antonio Arrieta, Kenneth Grant, William Feaster, Caroline Steele, Louis Ehwerhemuepha
Summary: This study found that patients with a history of malnutrition are more predisposed to severe COVID-19, with higher odds for children between 6 and 17 years old and for adults between 18 and 79 years old.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Nursing
Anurajee Rasalingam, Liv Fegran, Idunn Brekke, Solvi Helseth
Summary: This study aimed to explore the experiences of young people with long-term health challenges transitioning into adulthood. Through metasynthesis, it identified six themes including the desire for a normal life, the importance of close relationships, the pursuit of independence, the need for systemic resources and services, psychosocial challenges, and maintaining a positive attitude. To support these individuals in achieving and maintaining independence, there is a need for increased awareness and interventions from policymakers and professionals in the health and social system.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING
(2021)
Article
Nursing
Maria Pedersen, Birgitte Bocher Bennich, Rikke Agnete Petersen, Takyiwa Boateng, Ingrid Egerod, Dorthe Overgaard
Summary: This study is a qualitative process evaluation of a 24-week peer mentor intervention. The study identified five themes that captured the content and context of the intervention as experienced by mentors and mentees. The findings contribute to the understanding of how a mentor intervention works and can be important for the implementation of successful peer mentor support in the future.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jo Day, Sarah G. Dean, Nigel Reed, Jan Hazell, Iain Lang
Summary: This paper explores how to optimize care practices and enhance the life experience for older people and staff in long-term care homes by studying managers' knowledge needs and use. The study found that managers rely on various types of knowledge, including explicit knowledge, tacit knowledge, and emotional knowledge. However, there are challenges in applying research evidence. Tacit knowledge and phronesis are highly valued by managers for improving care practices.
HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Leanne Shearsmith, Peter A. Coventry, Claire Sloan, Andrew Henry, Liz Newbronner, Elizabeth Littlewood, Della Bailey, Samantha Gascoyne, Lauren Burke, Eloise Ryde, Rebecca Woodhouse, Dean McMillan, David Ekers, Simon Gilbody, Carolyn Chew-Graham
Summary: The BASIL pilot study investigated the acceptability and feasibility of a remotely delivered psychological intervention for older adults to prevent and reduce loneliness and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. The intervention was deemed acceptable, although limited in terms of activity planning due to restrictions.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Virginija Poskute, Ruta Kazlauskaite, Irmina Matonyte
Summary: This study found that in addition to facilitators at the national and organizational levels, individual-level factors such as meaningfulness at work, concern for others, personal growth, satisfaction with supervision, and role clarity play a significant role in multi-stakeholder collaboration in long-term care. However, collaboration is constrained by factors such as shortage of human resources, increased workload, bureaucratic requirements, and societal norms and attitudes. Surprisingly, a lack of financial resources was not seen as a major constraint.
HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Nursing
Ya-Ching Wang, Nae-Fang Miao, Frank T. Y. Wang
Summary: The aim of this study was to explore the plans, considerations, and factors influencing long-term care among older sexual minority women. Interviews with 37 Taiwanese women revealed that the most common long-term care plans included housing and institutions, medical or long-term care insurance, financial planning, and medical decisions. Factors associated with their plans were categorized into intrapersonal, interpersonal, community, and societal levels. Recommendations are provided to reduce health disparities and anxiety among this population.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kathrin Lauber, Harry Rutter, Anna B. Gilmore
Summary: The study investigates how ultra-processed food industry actors attempt to influence global NCD policy through coalition management, involvement in policy formulation, and information management. Their strategies involve creating alliances, lobbying Member States, and funding favorable research while challenging unfavorable evidence. Guarding against commercial interference is crucial to advancing NCD policy and is similar to the political behavior of the tobacco industry. Increased awareness and safeguards at both the national and global levels can strengthen the work of WHO.
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
P. Moynihan, R. Varghese
Summary: The review found that wearing full (5/7 studies) or partial (3/3 studies) dentures has a positive impact on nutritional status, but no clear direction of effect on dietary intake. It is shown that wearing dentures compromises eating function and eating-related quality of life, but also has a positive impact on eating-related quality of life.
JDR CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Hassan Faleeh Farhan Al-Sultani, Matthew Breckons, James Field, J. Mark Thomason, Paula Moynihan
Summary: This study applied a sequential approach to integrate scientific evidence, patient and professional experience, to develop interventions to support better eating with dentures. The interventions included a patient leaflet, web-based interventions, patient support blogs, etc. Patients generally received no advice on eating with dentures, and professionals lacked confidence to provide such advice. Face validity with users confirmed the acceptability of the patient leaflet, indicating its potential wide acceptance.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Anthony W. Gilbert, Jeremy Jones, Maria Stokes, Carl R. May
Summary: This study investigates the experiences of patients, clinicians, and managers during the accelerated implementation of virtual consultations (VCs) due to COVID-19, and explores how patient preferences are formed and organized. The study identifies key mechanisms that contribute to the formation of patient preferences and highlights the importance of balancing patient, clinician, and organizational preferences in future service design.
HEALTH EXPECTATIONS
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Carl R. May, Bianca Albers, Mike Bracher, Tracy L. Finch, Anthony Gilbert, Melissa Girling, Kathryn Greenwood, Anne MacFarlane, Frances S. Mair, Christine M. May, Elizabeth Murray, Sebastian Potthoff, Tim Rapley
Summary: The study aims to develop a coding manual for Normalisation Process Theory (NPT) in order to provide guidance and assistance for qualitative researchers in the process of data analysis. Through analyzing and organizing relevant literature and theories of NPT, the research team developed a coding manual that consists of 12 primary NPT constructs and aligns with the configuration of realist evaluation studies. The manual consolidates multiple stages of theory development, simplifies the use of NPT, and forms a core framework for implementation research and evaluation.
IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Javier Roberti, Juan Pedro Alonso, Leandro Blas, Carl May
Summary: This qualitative study on patients with kidney failure in Buenos Aires, Argentina, reveals that the patients' ability to meet treatment demands is influenced by social networks and control over healthcare services. Patients with limited networks are more vulnerable to health deterioration, while control over services results in scarce information, changes in dialysis schedules, lack of contact with transplant teams, and new rules for medication and requests. Regardless of health coverage, patients face economic burdens related to noncovered medication, copayments, travel, caregivers, specialized diets, and relocation for treatment. Many patients struggle economically and some have migrated seeking treatment, unable to return without jeopardizing their lives. Transplanted patients often have to re-enter the job market in the context of high unemployment rates.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Michael Crowe, Michael O'Sullivan, Lewis Winning, Oscar Cassetti, Brian O'Connell, Aifric O'Sullivan, Eileen Gibney, Suzanne L. Doyle, Annemarie Bennett, Paula Moynihan
Summary: This study presents the development and implementation of a food science and nutrition module for dental undergraduate students, aiming to provide basic knowledge and clinical skills for understanding the importance of diet in oral and overall health. The module was delivered online and received positive feedback from students, indicating that it was interesting and provided a good evidence base for nutrition and oral health.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
C. J. Moores, S. A. M. Kelly, P. J. Moynihan
Summary: This systematic review provides updated evidence on the association between sugars intake and dental caries. It confirms that higher sugars intake is positively associated with caries, and restricting sugars intake to below 10% energy can lower the risk of caries. The findings also suggest that limiting free sugars intake to below 5% energy can further reduce the incidence of caries. Overall, the review supports the WHO recommendations on sugars intake.
JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alessandro Massazza, Carl R. May, Bayard Roberts, Wietse A. Tol, Sergiy Bogdanov, Abhijit Nadkarni, Daniela C. Fuhr
Summary: This study aimed to explore the limitations and strengths of process evaluations within randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) interventions in humanitarian crises. Interviews with 24 researchers involved in MHPSS RCTs in 23 different countries revealed high heterogeneity in the function, implementation outcomes assessed, and methods used for process evaluations. While process evaluations were considered important, there were varying opinions on their perceived quality. Practical recommendations were made to improve future process evaluations, including embedding them in study protocols, using mixed methods, and increasing financial and human resources dedicated to the evaluations.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Paula Moynihan, Roshan Varghese
Summary: A scoping review was conducted to investigate available eating advice for people who wear dentures. The review found a variety of advice, but noted that it lacked peer-reviewed evidence and contained conflicting messages and non-compliant advice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
P. J. Moynihan, J-l. Teo
Summary: This article investigates the relationship between oral health, muscle mass, and function in older individuals. The findings suggest that tooth loss is associated with muscle mass and protein intake, but the relationship between chewing function, tongue pressure, and oral hypofunction with sarcopenia is inconclusive.
JDR CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Angela R. Y. Zhang, Stacie Attrill, Jaklin Eliott, Rachel A. Ankeny, Paula Moynihan
Summary: The objective of this review is to identify the extent and nature of existing literature on co-design with residents residing in aged care facilities. Co-design involves involving end users in the design of services, which is a key challenge in the aged care sector. The review will search various databases and gray literature to gather evidence on how older people have been engaged in the design and delivery of their care in residential aged care facilities.
JBI EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sebastian Potthoff, Tracy Finch, Leah Buhrmann, Anne R. Etzelmuller, Claire van Genugten, Melissa R. Girling, Carl May, Neil Perkins, Christiaan Vis, Tim Rapley
Summary: This paper describes the systematic development of the Implementation-STakeholder Engagement Model (I-STEM), which is a tool to support comprehensive stakeholder engagement in implementation research and practice. The study conducted interviews and observations to identify five interrelated concepts of the model: engagement objectives, stakeholder mapping, engagement approaches, engagement qualities, and engagement outcomes. The I-STEM provides a conceptual framework for planning, delivering, evaluating, and reporting stakeholder engagement activities.
HEALTH EXPECTATIONS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nonzuzo Mbokazi, Myrna Van Pinxteren, Katherine Murphy, Frances S. Mair, Carl R. May, Naomi S. Levitt
Summary: In economically precarious areas of South Africa, Ubuntu, traditional values, and social networks play a crucial mediating role in helping people with HIV/NCD multimorbidity to self-manage their conditions. Despite facing economic hardship, patients actively cope with their workload by utilizing family relations and external networks, leading to better management of chronic diseases.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jennifer Shuldiner, Diya Srinivasan, Justin N. Hall, Carl R. May, Laura Desveaux
Summary: The study found that some emergency department physicians tried to integrate virtual emergency department into their practice, seeing benefits for patients and motivated by patient satisfaction. Others encountered barriers, feeling that virtual ED did not reflect the role of urgent care, leading to feelings of underutilized skills and frustration.
JMIR HUMAN FACTORS
(2022)
Article
Primary Health Care
Sharleen L. O'Reilly, Carl R. May, Dale Ford, James A. Dunbar
Summary: The successful engagement in diabetes prevention for women with previous GDM requires proactive building of critical improvement factors and audit feedback into routine GP. Staff need to collectively build care strategies, take a long-term community care perspective, provide and act on feedback, while also driving the process collectively.