Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 61, Issue 1, Pages 35-40Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TBME.2013.2275078
Keywords
Atherosclerosis; calcium; carotid; stress; stroke
Categories
Funding
- BHF [PG/11/74/29100]
- ARTreat European Union
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre
- Cambridge-CSC (China Scholarship Council)
- British Heart Foundation [PG/11/74/29100] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [ACF-2010-14-011] Funding Source: researchfish
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The impact of calcification on the carotid atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability remains controversial and unclear. This study assesses the critical mechanical conditions induced by the calcium at the lumen surface, i.e., juxtaluminal calcification (JLCa), within human carotid atherosclerotic plaque. Eleven patients with evidence of JLCa were included for the analysis. The plaque geometry was reconstructed based on computed tomography and magnetic resonance images and 3-D fluid-structure interaction simulation was used for mechanical analysis. The presence of JLCa increased local stresses compared to when calcification was artificially covered with a 0.2-mm-thick fibrous cap (107.87 kPa [76.99, 129.14] versus 63.17 kPa [34.55, 75.13]; Median, [interquartile range]; p < 0.0001). Stretch ratio decreased from 1.18 [1.07, 1.27] to 1.13 [1.10, 1.18] (p = 0.03). The presence of JLCa significantly elevates local stress and stretch level. Further exploration of this plaque feature is warranted as a possible risk factor causing plaque vulnerability.
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