Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 61, Issue 4, Pages 1295-1304Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TBME.2014.2301191
Keywords
Augmented reality (AR); dental surgery; integral photography (IP); stereo tracking; surgical navigation; 3-D image overlay
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [23680049, 24650289]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81271735, 61361160417]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [24659886, 23680049, 24650289] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Computer-assisted oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) has been rapidly evolving since the last decade. State-of-the-art surgical navigation in OMS still suffers from bulky tracking sensors, troublesome image registration procedures, patient movement, loss of depth perception in visual guidance, and low navigation accuracy. We present an augmented reality navigation system with automatic marker-free image registration using 3-D image overlay and stereo tracking for dental surgery. A customized stereo camera is designed to track both the patient and instrument. Image registration is performed by patient tracking and real-time 3-D contour matching, without requiring any fiducial and reference markers. Real-time autostereoscopic 3-D imaging is implemented with the help of a consumer-level graphics processing unit. The resulting 3-D image of the patient's anatomy is overlaid on the surgical site by a half-silvered mirror using image registration and IP-camera registration to guide the surgeon by exposing hidden critical structures. The 3-D image of the surgical instrument is also overlaid over the real one for an augmented display. The 3-D images present both stereo and motion parallax from which depth perception can be obtained. Experiments were performed to evaluate various aspects of the system; the overall image overlay error of the proposed system was 0.71 mm.
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