Article
Neurosciences
Nan Li, Kewei Xiao, Xue Mi, Na Li, Li Guo, Xiaorong Wang, Yuxiang Sun, Guo-Dong Li, Yu Zhou
Summary: The study shows that ghrelin-dependent activation of GHS-R1a adversely affects memory acquisition and suggests that the PI3K/Akt/GSK3 beta signaling-dependent repression of neuronal intrinsic excitability is an important novel mechanism underlying memory inhibition of ghrelin in the hippocampus. These findings highlight the critical role of hippocampal ghrelin/GHS-R1a signaling in synaptic physiology and memory, providing new insights into the modulation of learning and memory by ghrelin.
Article
Immunology
Nolan M. Dvorak, Nadia D. Domingo, Cynthia M. Tapia, Paul A. Wadsworth, Mate Marosi, Yosef Avchalumov, Chanida Fongsaran, Leandra Koff, Jessica Di Re, Catherine M. Sampson, Timothy J. Baumgartner, Pingyuan Wang, Paula P. Villarreal, Olivia D. Solomon, Sonja J. Stutz, Aditi, Jacob Porter, Komi Gbedande, Brendan Prideaux, Thomas A. Green, Erin H. Seeley, Parimal Samir, Kelley T. Dineley, Gracie Vargas, Jia Zhou, Irma Cisneros, Robin Stephens, Fernanda Laezza
Summary: The study investigates the impact of TNF on neuronal excitability in hyperinflammatory cerebral malaria (eCM) and identifies the signaling network involving TNFR1, JAK2, FGF14, and Nav1.6. Plasmodium chabaudi infection increases Nav1.6 channel conductance in CA1 pyramidal neurons through the TNFR1-JAK2-FGF14-Nav1.6 pathway, leading to hyperexcitability. Targeting FGF14 may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for mitigating TNF-mediated neuroinflammation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Carleigh Studtmann, Marek Ladislav, Mackenzie A. Topolski, Mona Safari, Sharon A. Swanger
Summary: Thalamocortical network dysfunction contributes to seizures and sleep deficits in Dravet syndrome. Na(V)1.1 haploinsufficiency alters the somatosensory corticothalamic circuit function, increasing excitability in nRT and glutamatergic thalamocortical neurons, while reducing glutamatergic input to VPL neurons. Abnormalities in glutamatergic synapse function and glutamatergic neuron excitability are identified as new components of disease mechanisms in DS.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daisuke Yamada, Junpei Takahashi, Keita Iio, Hiroshi Nagase, Akiyoshi Saitoh
Summary: The study showed that KNT-127 suppressed glutamate release from the presynaptic site in the PL-PFC, reducing neuronal excitability. This suggests that the inhibitory effects of KNT-127 on PL-PFC activity may contribute to its anxiolytic-like effects.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Kazumoto Shibuya, Ryo Otani, Yo-ichi Suzuki, Satoshi Kuwabara, Matthew C. Kiernan
Summary: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating disease involving degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons. Riluzole and edaravone have been shown to slow disease progression in ALS by inhibiting glutamate and eliminating free radicals, respectively. Excessive activation of glutamate receptors generates free radicals, leading to excitotoxicity and neurodegeneration, which are key mechanisms in ALS.
Article
Neurosciences
Ruili Guan, Changhao Yang, Jianbin Zhang, Jianyu Wang, Rui Chen, Peng Su
Summary: Dehydroepiandrosterone may exert a protective effect on hypoxia-induced memory impairment by maintaining synaptic homeostasis.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Bernadette Basilico, Laura Ferrucci, Patrizia Ratano, Maria T. Golia, Alfonso Grimaldi, Maria Rosito, Valentina Ferretti, Ingrid Reverte, Caterina Sanchini, Maria C. Marrone, Maria Giubettini, Valeria De Turris, Debora Salerno, Stefano Garofalo, Marie-Kim St-Pierre, Micael Carrier, Massimiliano Renzi, Francesca Pagani, Brijesh Modi, Marcello Raspa, Ferdinando Scavizzi, Cornelius T. Gross, Silvia Marinelli, Marie-Eve Tremblay, Daniele Caprioli, Laura Maggi, Cristina Limatola, Silvia Di Angelantonio, Davide Ragozzino
Summary: The study reveals that microglia play an important role in regulating synaptic functioning in the adult brain, and their removal leads to reversible changes in the organization and activity of glutamatergic synapses.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Grace Jang, M. Bruce MacIver
Summary: Ketamine initially decreases population spike amplitudes in the CA1 region, but leads to a long-lasting increase during washout. This lasting increase, sustained for over 2 hours, involves postsynaptic mechanisms and the importance of NMDA receptor ion channel block. Additionally, the involvement of GABA inhibition and potential potassium channel block in the excitability increase following ketamine exposure is highlighted.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiao-Wei Li, Yi Ren, Dong-Qing Shi, Lei Qi, Fang Xu, Yanyang Xiao, Pak-Ming Lau, Guo-Qiang Bi
Summary: Acetylcholine (ACh) affects neural circuit dynamics by inhibiting excitatory synaptic transmission and enhancing neuronal excitability through muscarinic signaling pathways. It suppresses evoked reverberation at low to moderate doses, while high doses result in longer duration of reverberation and increased spontaneous activity. These effects are mediated by muscarinic, but not nicotinic receptors, and can be simulated through changes in excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) and the excitability of single cells.
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pedro Valada, Sofia Alcada-Morais, Rodrigo A. Cunha, Joao Pedro Lopes
Summary: Theobromine, a metabolite of caffeine, affects synaptic transmission and plasticity by antagonizing adenosine receptors, resulting in improved cognitive function and neuroprotection against disease-related conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Cheng-Wei Lu, Tzu-Yu Lin, Shu-Kuei Huang, Kuan-Ming Chiu, Ming-Yi Lee, Jih-Hsin Huang, Su-Jane Wang
Summary: Oxycodone effectively reduces presynaptic glutamate release in rat hippocampal CA3 area, possibly by activating opioid receptors and suppressing neuronal excitability.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Luisa Fernanda Toro-Fernandez, Juan Camilo Zuluaga-Monares, Ana Maria Saldarriaga-Cartagena, Gloria Patricia Cardona-Gomez, Rafael Posada-Duque
Summary: Transplantation of CDK5 KD astrocytes in the CA3 area highlights the role of astrocytes as a cell therapy target in regulating calcium homeostasis, improving synaptic clustering, and restoring intracellular calcium imbalance and plasticity impairment caused by glutamate excitotoxicity.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Tzitzitlini Alejandre-Garcia, Samuel Kim, Jesus Perez-Ortega, Rafael Yuste
Summary: Neuronal ensembles are coactive groups of cortical neurons that play a role in perception and behavior. In this study, we replicated an in vivo optogenetic protocol in brain slices to investigate the mechanisms involved in ensemble formation. We found that coactivated neurons showed increased correlated activity and biphasic changes in presynaptic plasticity. Furthermore, stimulation induced significant increases in spontaneous EPSPs and neuronal excitability.
Article
Neurosciences
Fabien Dumetz, Rachel Ginieis, Corinne Bure, Anais Marie, Serge Alfos, Veronique Pallet, Clementine Bosch-Bouju
Summary: This study investigates the effects of vitamin A deficiency on memory and neuronal plasticity in the hippocampus of rats. The findings suggest that vitamin A deficiency leads to abnormal morphology and synaptic function in hippocampal cells, and moderate-dose vitamin A supplementation can alleviate these abnormalities.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara Zocher, Rupert W. Overall, Gabriel Berdugo-Vega, Nicole Rund, Anne Karasinsky, Vijay S. Adusumilli, Christina Steinhauer, Sina Scheibenstock, Kristian Handler, Joachim L. Schultze, Federico Calegari, Gerd Kempermann
Summary: Newborn DNA methylation during adult neurogenesis is crucial for the maturation and integration of functional neurons in the hippocampus, facilitating transcriptional up-regulation of neuronal genes and affecting activation patterns in the hippocampal circuitry.