Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francisco Rodriguez, Pablo Caruana, Noa De la Fuente, Pia Espanol, Maria Gamez, Josep Balart, Elisa Llurba, Ramon Rovira, Raul Ruiz, Cristina Martin-Lorente, Jose Luis Corchero, Maria Virtudes Cespedes
Summary: This review provides an overview of nanomedicine for cancer treatment, focusing on the rationale behind their designs and applications. It highlights the tumor microenvironment and tumor disseminate cells as the most attractive and effective strategies for cancer treatments. The perspectives and challenges for nanopharmaceuticals in this field are also discussed.
Review
Oncology
Jianning Song, Hongzhong Zhou, Dayong Gu, Yong Xu
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary malignant tumor of the liver, continues to show increasing morbidity and mortality despite advancements in diagnosis and treatment. Chronic liver disease and liver cirrhosis remain the most significant risk factors for liver cancer. Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) or surgical resection are currently the only curative options, with prognosis worsening as differentiation degree decreases. Restoring a better differentiation state may improve prognosis. Differentiation treatment aims to reverse the dedifferentiation process of hepatocytes to liver cancer cells using drugs, improving tumor differentiation and restoring normal liver characteristics. Understanding the mechanism of liver cancer dedifferentiation can guide drug design by targeting liver-enriched transcription factors, pathway imbalances, and changes in the tumor microenvironment. Though some drugs have shown effectiveness, more clinical data is required to support their efficacy and reliability. Differentiation treatment is expected to become an important component of liver cancer treatment in the future.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Anas Ahmad, Summya Rashid, Anis Ahmad Chaudhary, Abdullah S. Alawam, Mohammad Ibrahim Alghonaim, Syed Shadab Raza, Rehan Khan
Summary: Cancer is a complex disease with significant global impact. Nanotechnology offers potential solutions to the limitations of current cancer therapies by improving drug delivery and targeting transcription factors. This review summarizes various nanoformulations and nanomaterials designed to target transcription factors involved in carcinogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis, highlighting the impact of nanotechnology in cancer management.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sho Suzuki, Chika Kusano, Toshiki Horii, Ryoji Ichijima, Hisatomo Ikehara
Summary: Based on current international guidelines and a network meta-analysis, nonbismuth quadruple therapies for 10-14 days and vonoprazan-based triple therapy for 7 days are the recommended H. pylori treatment regimens. These regimens show good eradication rates of approximately 90% even in areas with high prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant strains, but they still have inherent drawbacks that may promote antimicrobial resistance and induce gut microbiota dysbiosis.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Deepti Singh, Prashant Kesharwani, Nabil A. Alhakamy, Hifzur R. Siddique
Summary: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a newly discovered class of non-coding RNAs that have been recognized as important regulators of gene expression in developmental and disease biology. They are structurally stable molecules that have various biological functions, including acting as miRNA sponges, protein decoys/scaffolds, and regulators of transcription and translation. Research has shown that circRNAs are differentially expressed in multiple cancers and play important roles in cancer progression and suppression.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yawen Wang, Haoran Yu, Mengyuan Yu, Hui Liu, Bing Zhang, Yuanyuan Wang, Simin Zhao, Qingxin Xia
Summary: The CD24 protein is expressed on the surface of various normal cells and plays a significant role in tumor development. It facilitates tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, immune evasion, and induces drug resistance. Targeting CD24 has shown significant anti-tumor effects and may represent an effective strategy for treating malignant tumors.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Curti, Stefano Campaner
Summary: MYC is a transcription factor that controls the expression of a large fraction of cellular genes linked to cell cycle progression, metabolism and differentiation. Deregulation of MYC in tumors leads to pervasive genome-wide binding and selective transcriptional control of cellular genes, along with alterations in cell cycle control and DNA-replication landscape. This may pose as an intrinsic liability in MYC-overexpressing cancer cells, and triggering replicative stress in MYC-driven tumors shows therapeutic potential.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kaiyi Yang, Shenghui Feng, Zhijun Luo
Summary: Prostate cancer is a common and deadly cancer in males. Androgen-deprivation therapy is effective in early stage tumors, but many cases progress to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Existing clinical treatments for advanced prostate cancer have limitations, but gene therapy and viral therapy show promise in controlling the disease.
Review
Oncology
Covadonga Marti, Jose Ignacio Sanchez-Mendez
Summary: Treatment of breast cancer has evolved towards individualized management, with hormone therapy playing a key role. Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy has become an effective approach for many hormone receptor-positive breast cancers.
Article
Oncology
Binhao Huang, Ernest G. Chan, Arjun Pennathur, James D. Luketich, Jie Zhang
Summary: The study compared the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy and surgery followed by adjuvant therapy, and identified the ideal treatment sequence in patients with cT1N+ and cT2Nany esophageal cancer. The results showed that there was no evident superiority of neoadjuvant therapy over adjuvant therapy in these patients, suggesting surgery followed by adjuvant therapy as an alternative option. More prospective studies are needed to validate these findings.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Shiyang Shen, Xiao Xu, Shiqi Lin, Ying Zhang, Huayu Liu, Can Zhang, Ran Mo
Summary: This study presents a nanoparticle-based strategy for killing CSCs in tumors by inducing CSC differentiation with all-trans retinoic acid release under hypoxic conditions and triggering cell death with camptothecin release in response to increasing reactive oxygen species levels in differentiating CSCs.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaoyuan Ji, Zhongmin Tang, Haijun Liu, Yong Kang, Liqun Chen, Jinrui Dong, Wei Chen, Na Kong, Wei Tao, Tian Xie
Summary: As a crucial tumor treatment strategy, surgery can lead to tumor recurrence and wound infection. In this study, a thermoelectric therapeutic strategy was developed using Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 (BST) and Bi2Te2.8Se0.2 (BTS) nanoplates composed of Z-scheme thermoelectric heterojunction (BST/BTS). The contact between BST and BTS created an interfacial electric field, guiding the combination of electrons in the conductive band (CB) of BTS with the holes in the valance band (VB) of BST, resulting in stronger reduction/oxidation potentials. Additionally, a self-built-in electric field facilitated the migration of electrons and holes to their surfaces under a mild temperature gradient.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhiyong Liu, Ting Li, Nan Li, Yujing Wang, Lin Chen, Xueting Tang, Mimi Wan, Chun Mao
Summary: In this study, a nanomotor based on a metal organic framework material was constructed by modifying polyethylene glycol and glutathione hydrolase on its surface. The nanomotor can control the level of glutathione in tumor cells, and it exhibits stable chemotaxis behavior in a complex environment. Loading the ferroptosis inducer enhances the induction effect of tumor ferroptosis. The nanomotor also shows enhanced delivery and penetration ability in tumors, enhancing the ferroptosis effect.
SCIENCE CHINA-CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mladen Korbelik
Summary: Therapeutic cancer vaccines have proven to be reliable and effective in tumor immunotherapy, offering great potential for successful treatment of malignant diseases. Using whole tumor cells treated with rapid tumor ablation therapies as vaccine material, such as photodynamic therapy, is an attractive strategy that induces immunogenic cell death. Radiotherapy has emerged as a suitable component for combined therapy with these vaccines.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Roberto Zoncu, Rushika M. Perera
Summary: The MiT/TFE transcription factors play a central role in cellular catabolism and quality control, and recent studies have highlighted their broader role in stress-adaptation pathways. Upregulating MiT/TFE factors helps cancer cells survive extreme fluctuations in nutrients and energy, while reduced activity of these factors may promote tumorigenesis. This article outlines the latest findings on the regulation and activity of MiT/TFE proteins in aggressive human cancers.
