Published in 2015

Combined Assessment of EZH2, GPC3 and SUOX could Improve Diagnosis of Regenerative Nodule, Liver Dysplasia and Small HCC in Cirrhotic Patients

Immunohistochemistry. Hepatocellular carcinoma Anatomy Pathology

Authors: HE Rashed, SA Ahmed, AA Hegazy, EI Ismail, M Abdelgawad

Journal: International Journal of Advanced Research (2015), Volume 3, Issue 1, 324-346

Description:

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become the main cause of death in patients with liver cirrhosis. In Egypt, HCC has been increased with a doubling incidence in the last few years. Diagnosis of the disease at an early asymptomatic stage is the only mean to achieve long-term survival. Aim of Work: To validate the diagnostic accuracy of the panel of biomarkers; enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2), glypican-3 (GPC3) and sulfite oxidase (SUOX) in series of biopsies from liver nodules of cirrhosis. Methods: Sections from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of 125 liver nodules were assessed for EZH2, GPC3 and SUOX expressions by immunohistochemistry. Results: Liver nodules were classified as; 40 cirrhotic large regenerative nodules (CLRN), 35 high-grade dysplastic nodules (HGDN), 20 well differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas with nodules 3 cm or smaller (S-HCCs), and 30 HCCs with nodules larger than 3 cm (L-HCCs). The sensitivity and specificity of EZH2 expression levels for S-HCC and L-HCC detection versus non-malignant liver tissues were 65 % and 90.7 % vs. 83.3 % and 93.3 % respectively (p <0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of GPC3 expression levels for S-HCC and L-HCC detection versus non-malignant liver tissues were (70% and 74.7% vs. 80% and 77.3%) respectively. SUOX expression significantly decreased with progression of hepatocarcinogenesis from CLRN to L-HCC (p <0.001). By contrast, EZH2 and GPC3 were significantly increased with progression of hepatocarcinogenesis. A panel of EZH2, GPC3 and SUOX showed a high sensitivity, specificity and AUC (93.3%, 94.7%, and 0.96) respectively for L-HCC detection. In the diagnosis of S-HCCs, the sensitivity, specificity and AUC of a combination of the 3-markers panel were (90%, 78.7%, 0.893%) respectively. Conclusions: The combination of the three biomarkers (EZH2, GPC3 and SUOX) could greatly improve the prospects of the early detection of small HCCs in liver biopsies

Published in 2015

MINIMAL ADENOCARCINOMA IN PROSTATE NEEDLE BIOPSY TISSUE: IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY

Immunohistochemistry Prostate adenocarcinoma Anatomy

Authors: HE Rashed, AA Hegazy, RA Ahmed

Journal: Int J Cur Res Rev | Vol 7 • Issue 6 • March 2015

Description:

Background: Diagnosis of small foci of prostate cancer in a core biopsy is one of the major diagnostic challenges. Immunohistochemistry plays an important role in the diagnosis of minimal prostate cancer and to exclude the benign lesions. The α-methylacyl CoA racemase (AMACR) and p63 have been used for such purpose. Aim of work: To investigate which basal cell marker; 34βE12 or p63 should be the first choice used with AMACR to increase diagnostic accuracy of minimal prostate cancer in core biopsy, in a trial to reduce the errors in diagnosis and to decrease the need for repeated biopsies. Methods: Sections from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of 60 prostate needle biopsy specimens were stained immunohistochemically with 34βE12, p63, Ki-67 and AMACR. Results: AMACR was expressed in 90% of minimal prostatic carcinoma. Nuclei of basal cells in 90% of normal glands were stained for p63. Regarding 34βE12, all benign subjects showed linear cytoplasmic basal staining. 34βE12 had very high sensitivity and specificity values (96.3% and 100%, respectively), followed by p63 (97.9% and 85.3%). There were significant differences in cytoplasmic p63 expression between benign tissue and prostate cancer, and between low and high grade carcinoma (P <0.001). It was also found that higher levels of cytoplasmic p63 were significantly associated with higher frequency of proliferating cells. Conclusions: Combined assessment of 34βE12 and p63 as a negative (cytoplasmic and nuclear, respectively) marker and AMACR as a positive marker for identifying prostate adenocarcinoma could greatly improve the diagnosis of minimal prostate cancer in needle biopsy specimens.

Published in 2015

DMPA- Induced Changes in Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors of Ampulla of Rat-oviducts: An Immunohistochemical Study

Fallopian tube Anatomy Pathology Gynecology

Authors: R Hegazy, A Hegazy,

Journal: Universal Journal of Medical Science 3(2): 33-40, 2015

Description:

To evaluate the changes in estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors in oviducts, their immunohistochemical expression was investigated using albino rats in estrous cycle and after administration of depot-medroxy progesterone acetate (DMPA). Materials and methods: Twenty rats underwent this study were classified into groups, five rats were sacrificed in the morning of first day (follicular stage); another five rats were sacrificed in the morning of the second day (luteal stage); and ten rats were injected with 12.5 mg subcutaneous DMPA in the first day of cycle, then sacrificed in the next day to show changes in ER and PR. Paraffin-embedded blocks were prepared from the ampullae of oviducts. Then, immunohistochemical staining was performed for each block. Results: ER immunoreactivity mainly nuclear was expressed in the glands, pseudoglands, stromal cells and vascular endothelia in the follicular phase; becoming cytoplasmic in the luteal phase, expressed mainly in the cytoplasm of luminal epithelial cells, and nearly the same picture after DMPA injection. PR immunoreactivity mainly nuclear was expressed in the glands, pseudoglands and stromal cells in the follicular phase; becoming moderately expressed in the luteal phase, but reached a maximum after DMPA injection. Conclusions: DMPA injection caused increased expression of PR but not affecting ER expression.

Published in 2015

Hegazy’ Simplified Method of Tissue Processing (Consuming Less Time and Chemicals)

Technique Tissue processing Histology Simple method

Authors: R Hegazy, A Hegazy,

Journal: Annals of International Medical and Dental Research, 1(2):57-61, 2015

Description:

Background: Processing is the next step in the histological process after tissue fixation. There are three methods commonly used for such tissue processing. They are the routine manual, rapid manual and the microwave methods. This study aimed to proceed a simple new manual method in a trial to take the advantages of rapid manual and microwave methods and avoid their disadvantages. Methods: One hundred samples of different tissues and cell blocks were included in this study. They were divided into two equal halves. One half is processed by the routine manual method and the other managed by new suggested technique. Results: The time consuming in the new method was about 7 hours vs. 20 hours in the routine processing. Also, the histologic quality was better in the new method as compared to the routine manual technique. Conclusions: The current simplified method of tissue and cell block processing using mild temperature and moderate agitation possess the advantages of reduction of time of processing, as well as the economic benefit of the utilization of fewer fluids.

Published in 2015

Immunohistochemical measurement and expression of Mcl-1 in infertile testes

Anatomy Pathology Testis Infertility

Authors: R Hegazy, A Hegazy, M Ammar, E Salem

Journal: Frontiers of Medicine, 2015. 9, Issue 3, pp 361-367

Description:

The diagnosis of azoospermia represents a major challenge to andrologists as this condition may occur despite normal spermatogenesis and genital tracts. Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) is a member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins involved in regulation of apoptosis in various cell types. This study aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of Mcl-1 in testicular biopsies of subjects with azoospermia. Eighty-six cases with azoospermia were obtained from 509 infertile patients admitted to the Andrology Unit of the Zagazig University Hospitals from January 2010 to December 2011. Biopsies were diagnosed and classified using H&E-stained slide sections. The specimens were subjected to immunohistochemical staining for Mcl-1 and examined through light microscopy. Forty-five cases of maturation arrest (25 at spermatids and 20 at the spermatocytes), 31 cases of hypospermatogenesis (20 moderate and 11 severe), 5 cases of Sertoli cell-only syndrome, 2 cases of basement membrane hyalinization, and 1 case of tubular and peritubular sclerosis were observed. Normal spermatogenesis was detected in 2 cases. A strong positive immunoreaction in Leydig cells was observed among all investigated specimens. A moderate reaction was detected in spermatocytes and spermatozoa in cases of normal spermatogenesis and hypospermatogenesis, but a negative reaction was detected in cases of maturation arrest and germ cell aplasia. Apoptosis was found to be associated with decreased rate of spermatogenesis. High apoptosis rates may result in azoospermia, which can occur despite normal spermatogenesis and absence of duct obstruction.

Published in 2015

The prognostic significance of p53, p63 and her2 expression in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer in relation to treatment with bacille Calmette–Guerin

cancer Anatomy bladder

Authors: R Hegazy, M kamel, Salem., S N, A Fawzy, A Sakr, O El-farargy, ... A Hegazy

Journal: Arab Journal of Urology, vol. 13, Issue 3 September 2015, Pages 225–230

Description:

Objective: To investigate whether the immunohistochemical expression of p53, p63 and her2/neu is correlated with the prognosis of tumour recurrence and progression in patients with non-muscle invasive (NMI) bladder cancer. Patients and methods: In all, 88 patients diagnosed with NMI transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in a Urology Department from May 2009 to April 2014 were included in the study. Paraffin-embedded specimens were obtained by transurethral resection of the bladder tumours. Sections on haematoxylin and eosin-stained slides were examined histologically and tumour grade was classified according to the World Health Organisation system (2004) Mostofi classification. The sections were evaluated using p63, p53 and her2/neu immunohistochemical staining before and after immunotherapy with bacille Calmette–Guerin (BCG), and patients were followed up for 36 months in the Urology Department. Results: For tumour grade there was a significant relationship with the overexpression of p53 (P = 0.010), her2 (P = 0.025) and negativity of p63 (P = 0.025). There was no significant relationship between p53 or her2/neu overexpression and tumour stage. However, there was a significant correlation (P = 0.005) between p63 negativity and tumour stage. There was a significant relationship between p53 (P = 0.01), her2/neu (P = 0.025) overexpression and p63 negativity (P = 0.005) and tumour recurrence and progression. Conclusion: Patients with transitional cell carcinoma who are selected for BCG treatment should preferably be positively immunoreactive for p63, but negative for both p53 and her2/neu. These patients were less susceptible to recurrence and/or progression after BCG adjuvant therapy. Further studies are needed to investigate the relationship between these three markers and treatment with anti-her2/neu therapies. ª 2015 Arab Association of Urology. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license

Published in 2014

ANTHROPOMETRIC STUDY OF NASAL INDEX OF EGYPTIANS

Authors: -

Journal: International Journal of Anatomy and Research

Published in 2014

EFFECT OF CYCLOSPORINE A ON THE KIDNEY OF RABBIT: A LIGHT AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY

Authors: -

Journal: International Journal of Anatomy and Research

Published in 2014

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and Cell-Block Study of Various Breast Lumps

Authors: -

Journal: American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences

Published in 2014

Midsagittal Anatomy of Lumbar Lordosis in Adult Egyptians: MRI Study

Authors: -

Journal: Anatomy Research International