Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Siwen Xue, Derek Lee, Daniel C. Berry
Summary: The ability to generate thermogenic fat cells is a potential targeted therapy for obesity and metabolic health improvement. Brown and beige adipocytes, which regulate energy balance, share certain properties but also display unique features such as origin and regulatory processes. Beige adipocytes are highly plastic, responding to environmental stimuli and converting between different states. However, obese and aged individuals face hurdles in developing beige adipocytes, hindering therapeutic potential. Understanding the mechanisms behind thermogenic fat cells will enhance understanding of energy regulation and enable new targeted therapies. This review discusses recent advances and potential mechanisms for failure in thermogenic fat cell regulation.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yukimasa Takeda, Yoshinori Harada, Toshikazu Yoshikawa, Ping Dai
Summary: Brown fats specialize in thermogenesis by increasing the utilization of circulating blood glucose and fatty acids, and they prevent the incidence of obesity-associated metabolic diseases and several types of cancers in humans. Mitochondrial energy metabolism in brown/beige adipocytes regulates both uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-dependent and -independent thermogenesis, and the mass and activity of human BAT are inversely correlated with the body mass index (BMI) and visceral adiposity. Modulation of obesity-associated repression in human brown fats is a promising strategy to counteract obesity and related metabolic diseases through the activation of thermogenic capacity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Arthe Raajendiran, Christoph Krisp, David P. De Souza, Geraldine Ooi, Paul R. Burton, Renea A. Taylor, Mark P. Molloy, Matthew J. Watt
Summary: Adipose tissue plays a crucial role in energy balance and metabolism regulation, with differences in protein composition leading to metabolic variation in different regions. Upper-body adipocytes are associated with glycolysis, lipogenesis, and oxidative stress, while lower-body adipocytes show enhanced activation of PPARa and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation processes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hua Guan, Jin Zhang, Jing Luan, Hao Xu, Zhenghao Huang, Qi Yu, Xingchun Gou, Lixian Xu
Summary: SFRP family members are antagonistic inhibitors of the Wnt signaling pathway and play important roles in the pathogenesis of various metabolic diseases. They may potentially serve as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the future.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Shaofeng Xiong, Shumin Yu, Kun Wang, Xiaowei Xiong, Min Xia, Guohua Zeng, Qiren Huang
Summary: In this study, the effects of AP on glycolipid metabolism, browning, and autophagy were investigated using a mouse obesity model and a preadipocyte induction model in vitro. The results showed that AP treatment alleviated body weight, glycolipid metabolic disorder, and insulin resistance through autophagy inhibition and promotion of fat-browning. These findings suggest that autophagy inhibition promotes browning of white adipocytes and highlight the potential of AP in preventing and treating obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yueh-Lin Wu, Heng Lin, Hsiao-Fen Li, Ming-Jaw Don, Pei-Chih King, Hsi-Hsien Chen
Summary: Pharmacological studies have shown that Salvia miltiorrhiza extract (SME) and its derivative ST32db have beneficial effects in improving obesity-induced metabolic disorders. These compounds act through the ATF3-mediated C/EBPα and CHOP pathways to reduce obesity and diabetes in mice, suggesting their potential as therapeutic drugs for treating obesity-induced metabolic syndrome.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saverio Cinti
Summary: White and brown adipose tissues form the adipose organ in mice and humans. Obese individuals have hypertrophic white adipocytes, which undergo organelle alterations and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Reactive oxygen species activity leads to NLRP3 inflammasome activation, causing cell death and macrophage-mediated clearance of debris.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hong-Jin Chen, Ting Meng, Ping-Jin Gao, Cheng-Chao Ruan
Summary: BAT, primarily composed of brown adipocytes and stromal vascular fraction, plays a crucial role in regulating cardiovascular health and diseases. It enhances energy expenditure by promoting glucose and lipid metabolism and secreting adipokines in an autocrine and/or paracrine fashion to protect the cardiovascular system.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jung Ha Kim, Kabsun Kim, Inyoung Kim, Semun Seong, Jeong-Tae Koh, Nacksung Kim
Summary: ATF3 regulates the differentiation of various cell types in the bone microenvironment, including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and adipocytes, by inducing OPG production.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Haoteng Ke, Zexing Chen, Xuanbin Zhao, Chaobo Yang, Tao Luo, Wen Ou, Lizi Wang, Haiqiong Liu
Summary: Activation transcription factor 3 (ATF3), a member of the ATF/cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding family, has been shown to play multiple roles in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. It can have detrimental effects but also function as a cardioprotective molecule. This review aims to explore the protective effects and mechanisms of ATF3 on cardiac dysfunction, providing evidence for the prevention and cure of cardiovascular diseases.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ivonne Palacios-Marin, Dolors Serra, Josep. C. C. Jimenez-Chillaron, Laura Herrero, Marijana Todorcevic
Summary: Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Childhood obesity is a concerning health challenge as it often persists into adulthood and increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. The mechanisms through which adipose tissue expands and its implications on metabolic health are still unclear, and more research is urgently needed to understand the development of adipose tissue in healthy and obese children.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Arner, Mikael Ryden
Summary: Recent technological advancements have allowed researchers to determine the age of fat cells and their lipids in adults. Contrary to previous beliefs, these studies have shown that fat cells have a high turnover rate of 10% per year, with their lipid droplets being replaced six times every 10 years. Obesity and having many small fat cells (hyperplasia) increase fat cell turnover. While weight gain increases both the number and size of fat cells, weight loss only affects the size (decreasing), which may contribute to weight regain. Subjects with excess body fat have reduced fat cell lipid turnover. This dysregulation is observed in the subcutaneous region in overweight individuals and in the visceral depot only in severe obesity. This helps explain why visceral fat is particularly detrimental in the overweight/obese state, as it allows for faster lipid fluxes between the visceral fat and the liver. Adipose lipid turnover decreases with age due to impaired breakdown of stored triglycerides. If this decline is not compensated by reduced lipid uptake by adipocytes, bodyweight will increase over time. Low rates of lipolysis are a risk factor for future weight gain and glucose intolerance. Adipose lipid turnover is also decreased in insulin resistance and certain forms of dyslipidemia. In summary, adult adipose tissue is highly dynamic, and alterations in fat cell and lipid turnover are novel factors to consider in the pathophysiology of common metabolic disorders.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Asia Bright, Fenfen Li, Miranda Movahed, Hang Shi, Bingzhong Xue
Summary: 2-naphthol is a low-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) that is associated with childhood obesity. This study investigates the impact of 2-naphthol on obesity and obesity-associated metabolic disorders. The findings suggest that chronic exposure to 2-naphthol increases lipid accumulation in adipocytes and inflammation in adipocytes and macrophages.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Farah Omran, Alice M. Murphy, Awais Z. Younis, Ioannis Kyrou, Jana Vrbikova, Vojtech Hainer, Petra Sramkova, Martin Fried, Graham Ball, Gyanendra Tripathi, Sudhesh Kumar, Philip G. McTernan, Mark Christian
Summary: This study investigated the impact of endotoxin on mitochondrial function and browning capacity in human adipocytes. The results showed that endotoxin directly contributes to impaired mitochondrial function and reduced browning capacity of adipocytes, exacerbating metabolic consequences. Bariatric surgery, which reduces endotoxin levels, is associated with improved adipocyte functionality.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhe Cheng, Xinyu Xiong, Yi Zhou, Fan Wu, Qingqing Shao, Ruolan Dong, Qiong Liu, Lingli Li, Guang Chen
Summary: The study demonstrated that 6-gingerol can alleviate obesity by regulating adipocytokines and the TLR3/IL-6/JAK1/STAT3 axis, inhibiting excessive hyperplasia and hypertrophy of adipocytes.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Gyeong Taek Lim, Dong Gil You, Hwa Seung Han, Hansang Lee, Sol Shin, Byeong Hoon Oh, E. K. Pramod Kumar, Wooram Um, Chan Ho Kim, Seungsu Han, Sangho Lee, Seungho Lim, Hong Yeol Yoon, Kwangmeyung Kim, Ick Chan Kwon, Dong-Gyu Jo, Yong Woo Cho, Jae Hyung Park
Summary: This study successfully prepared surface-edited EVs using bioorthogonal copper-free click chemistry and metabolic glycoengineering, which effectively accumulated in target tissues in animal models, primarily due to prolonged circulation in the bloodstream and active targeting mechanism.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Eun Sook Lee, Jae Hoon Sul, Jung Min Shin, Sol Shin, Jae Ah Lee, Hark Kyun Kim, Yongeun Cho, Hyewon Ko, Soyoung Son, Jeongmi Lee, Sunyoung Park, Dong-Gyu Jo, Jae Hyung Park
Summary: Stimuli-responsive TolDex (TKDex) with ROS-sensitive functional group-embedded PEG linker were developed to induce lesion-specific immunoregulation in RA. In a mouse model, TKDex demonstrated prolonged blood circulation and enhanced accumulation in the joints, showing potential as therapeutic agents for RA. The downregulation of CD40, attenuation of TNF-alpha secretion, and induction of regulatory T cells in CIA mice were highlighted as potential mechanisms of action for TKDex.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eun-Soo Lee, Suho Kim, Sang-Won Lee, Jinsang Jung, Sung Hoon Lee, Hye-Won Na, Hyoung-June Kim, Yong Deog Hong, Won Seok Park, Tae Geol Lee, Dong-Gyu Jo, Se-Hwa Kim
Summary: The study found that deposition of PM particles increases and penetrates deeper into the skin after disrupting the skin barrier. These results suggest that MNLO imaging could be used for visualizing and quantifying the spatial distribution of PM in ex vivo human skin tissues.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Sang-Ha Baik, Sharmelee Selvaraji, David Y. Fann, Luting Poh, Dong-Gyu Jo, Deron R. Herr, Shenpeng R. Zhang, Hyun Ah Kim, Michael De Silva, Mitchell K. P. Lai, Christopher Li-Hsian Chen, Grant R. Drummond, Kah-Leong Lim, Christopher G. Sobey, Thiruma Arumugam
Summary: This study investigated the hippocampal gene expression profile of young and old mice subjected to cerebral hypoperfusion, revealing common cellular signaling pathways likely important in the pathophysiology of vascular dementia. While there were similarities in the effects of BCAS and aging, the changes in hippocampal gene expression differed between young and old mice. Over 30 days, BCAS had minimal effect on cerebral blood flow or hippocampal gene expression in aged mice, suggesting age-related differences in response to hypoperfusion.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dong Gil You, Jae Yoon An, Wooram Um, Jae Min Jung, Byeong Hoon Oh, Van Quy Nguyen, Jueun Jeon, Jungmi Lee, Dong-Gyu Jo, Yong Woo Cho, Jae Hyung Park
Summary: Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels have the potential to reduce wrinkles, while stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles can improve the dermal microenvironment, prolong collagen generation, and serve as a potential antiaging filler for reprogramming the dermis environment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yiran Liu, David Castano, Francesco Girolamo, Laia Trigueros-Motos, Han-Gyu Bae, Suat Peng Neo, Jeongah Oh, Pradeep Narayanaswamy, Federico Torta, Kerry Anne Rye, Dong-Gyu Jo, Jayantha Gunaratne, Sangyong Jung, Daniela Virgintino, Roshni R. Singaraja
Summary: The lack of ABCA8 protein disrupts cerebellar myelination and affects the function of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and mature oligodendrocytes, leading to impaired cerebellar conduction velocity and locomotion.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Luting Poh, Wei Liang Sim, Dong-Gyu Jo, Quynh Nhu Dinh, Grant R. Drummond, Christopher G. Sobey, Christopher Li-Hsian Chen, Mitchell K. P. Lai, David Y. Fann, Thiruma V. Arumugam
Summary: This review aims to provide a comprehensive insight into the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced inflammasome signaling in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI).
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joo-Yun Byun, Kun Huang, Jong Suk Lee, Wenjie Huang, Li Hu, Xuyu Zheng, Xin Tang, Fengzeng Li, Dong-Gyu Jo, Xinmao Song, Chuang Huang
Summary: Poor prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) is mainly due to resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Activation of HIF-1 alpha in CD44(+) HNSCC patients was associated with worse prognosis. HIF-1 alpha promoted stemness, resistance, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HNSCC CD44(+) cells.
Article
Cell Biology
Hark Kyun Kim, Junhyung Cho, Eunae Kim, Junsik Kim, Jeong-Sun Yang, Kyung-Chang Kim, Joo-Yeon Lee, Younmin Shin, Leon F. Palomera, Jinsu Park, Seung Hyun Baek, Han-Gyu Bae, Yoonsuk Cho, Jihoon Han, Jae Hoon Sul, Jeongmi Lee, Jae Hyung Park, Yong Woo Cho, Wonsik Lee, Dong-Gyu Jo
Summary: This study presents a method of using small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) to deliver soluble ACE2 (sACE2) and inhibit the entry of SARS-CoV-2. The researchers found that sACE2 variants loaded in sEVs showed higher antiviral efficacy compared to wild-type sACE2, and could inhibit the entry of different variants of SARS-CoV-2.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Gavin Yong-Quan Ng, Dominic Paul Lee Kok Sheng, Han-Gyu Bae, Sung Wook Kang, David Yang-Wei Fann, Jinsu Park, Joonki Kim, Asfa Alli-Shaik, Jeongmi Lee, Eunae Kim, Sunyoung Park, Jeung-Whan Han, Vardan Karamyan, Eitan Okun, Thameem Dheen, Manoor Prakash Hande, Raghu Vemuganti, Karthik Mallilankaraman, Lina H. K. Lim, Brian K. Kennedy, Grant R. Drummond, Christopher G. Sobey, Jayantha Gunaratne, Mark P. Mattson, Roger Sik-Yin Foo, Dong-Gyu Jo, Thiruma V. Arumugam
Summary: Intermittent fasting can modulate H3K9 trimethylation in the cerebellum and trigger transcriptomic changes associated with metabolic processes. Part of the epigenomic and transcriptomic modulations induced by IF can be preserved for at least 3 months post-IF, but termination of IF results in a loss of H3K9 trimethylation regulation of the transcriptome.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yoonsuk Cho, Han-Gyu Bae, Eitan Okun, Thiruma V. Arumugam, Dong-Gyu Jo
Summary: APP is an evolutionarily conserved transmembrane protein that serves as a precursor to amyloid-beta peptides, which are implicated in Alzheimer's disease. Studies have shown diverse pathological and physiological functions of APP and its cleavage products, but their roles are not fully understood. Current research focuses on APP processing and potential therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer's disease.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tsendsuren Tungalag, Kye Won Park, Dong Kwon Yang
Summary: Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of heart diseases, and butein exhibits potential antioxidant effects in cardiomyocytes, providing protection against oxidative damage and suggesting its therapeutic potential for cardiac diseases.
Correction
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yoonsuk Cho, Han-Gyu Bae, Eitan Okun, Thiruma V. Arumugam, Dong-Gyu Jo
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiyeon Seo, Hongik Hwang, Heesung Sohn, Eunsil Cho, Sunmin Jung, Soohyun Kim, Seung Min Um, Ji Yeon Kim, Muwon Kang, Yuri Choi, Jong-Hwan Kim, Mirang Kim, Seon-Young Kim, Sun-Kyung Lee, Joohong Ahnn, Hyewhon Rhim, Dong-Gyu Jo, Eunjoon Kim, Mikyoung Park
Summary: Spatial learning and memory flexibility are regulated by long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) at the cellular level. This study demonstrates that Ccny knockout (KO) mice exhibit enhanced LTP, weak LTD, and improved spatial learning and memory. CCNY modulates memory flexibility by modulating the cofilin-actin signaling pathway in the hippocampus.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vismitha Rajeev, David Y. Fann, Quynh Nhu Dinh, Hyun Ah Kim, T. Michael De Silva, Dong-Gyu Jo, Grant R. Drummond, Christopher G. Sobey, Mitchell K. P. Lai, Christopher Li-Hsian Chen, Thiruma V. Arumugam
Summary: Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is an important mechanism in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Intermittent fasting (IF) has neuroprotective effects against CCH-induced neurovascular pathologies by reducing leaky microvessels, blood-brain barrier breakdown, and loss of tight junctional proteins.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soojung Hahn, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Jae Hyeon Kim
Summary: This study utilized three-dimensional intestinal organoids to investigate the effects of metformin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and found that metformin can enhance intestinal barrier function and reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. V. Sudarev, M. S. Gette, S. V. Bazhenov, O. M. Tilinova, E. V. Zinovev, I. V. Manukhov, A. I. Kuklin, Yu. L. Ryzhykau, A. V. Vlasov
Summary: This study investigated the self-assembly processes of ferritin-based protein complexes and obtained structurally characterized oligomeric states. These results provide new potential and opportunities for the application of ferritin in various fields.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yalda Sabaghi, Farnaz Pourfarzad, Leila Zolghadr, Azita Bahrami, Tahereh Shojazadeh, Alireza Farasat, Nematollah Gheibi
Summary: p-Coumaric acid (p-CA) is a plant compound with anti-cancer activities. This study designed a nano-liposomal carrier containing p-CA to enhance its effectiveness against melanoma cells. The findings showed that the liposomal form of p-CA had a greater impact on the cells. Kinetic modeling indicated that the best fitting model was zero-order.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. D. Nazmul Hasan, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Al Asmaul Husna, Nobuhiro Nozaki, Osamu Yamato, Naoki Miura
Summary: This study investigated the expression of ncRNAs other than miRNAs in different histologic subtypes of canine mammary gland tumors (MGT). Three aberrantly expressed ncRNAs were identified as potential biomarkers for differentiating MGT subtypes. YRNA and tRFs expression levels were found to be decreased in metastatic compared to primary MGT cell lines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seine A. Shintani
Summary: In this study, the researchers used signal analysis to study the instantaneous amplitude and phase of sarcomeric oscillations in skeletal muscle. They identified two types of oscillations, sarcomeric oscillations and sarcosynced oscillations, and visualized their behavior during propagating waves. The researchers discovered the presence of sarcomeric defect holes and sarcomeric collision holes, which are important indicators for understanding the oscillation properties of sarcomeres. This finding has important implications for improving our understanding of muscle function and its regulatory mechanisms.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuanglin Zhang, Yuzhong Jia, Guolan Ma, Yanyan Yang, Zhenzhen Cao, Antao Luo, Zefu Zhang, Shihan Li, Jie Wen, Hanfeng Liu, Jihua Ma
Summary: Bupleurum is an antiarrhythmic agent that may exert its effects by inhibiting L-type calcium channels.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomotaka Ohkubo, Yasuhiko Matsumoto, Hiroaki Sasaki, Kaoru Kinoshita, Yuki Ogasawara, Takashi Sugita
Summary: This study found that Citrobacter koseri inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis, disrupting the balance between S. epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, and exacerbating inflammation in atopic dermatitis.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshifumi Asano, Philipp Sasse, Takao Nakata
Summary: A Cre recombination-based fluorescent reporter system was developed to monitor cell-cell fusion. The system successfully detected the formation of multinuclear myotubes and placental syncytiotrophoblast. This tool could facilitate the study of cell-to-cell fusion.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ke Shi, Yunlong Shan, Xiao Sun, Kuida Chen, Qiong Luo, Qiang Xu
Summary: This study found that low expression of TP53INP2 is associated with poor survival in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. As the malignancy of CRC progresses, TP53INP2 expression gradually decreases. Knockdown of TP53INP2 promotes CRC cell proliferation and tumor growth. Mechanistically, TP53INP2 deficiency decreases phosphorylation of beta-catenin, leading to increased accumulation and enhanced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity. Additionally, TP53INP2 sequesters TIM50, inhibiting its activation of beta-catenin. In conclusion, downregulation of TP53INP2 promotes CRC progression by activating beta-catenin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Rossi, Fabio Tomaselli, Alejandro Hochkoeppler
Summary: Oligomeric enzymes are known for their higher catalytic rates compared to monomeric enzymes, but the extent of additivity in their activity is still not well understood. This study used tetrameric rabbit lactate dehydrogenase as a model to examine the kinetics of its catalytic action. Surprisingly, when the concentration of the limiting reactant exceeded that of a single subunit, there was a significant slowdown in the enzyme's conformational rearrangements.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amin Sahraei, Mohammad Javad Shamsoddini, Fakhrossadat Mohammadi, Leila Hassani
Summary: This study explored the inhibitory effects of gallium curcumin, indium curcumin, and vanadyl curcumin on the amyloid fibrillation of hen egg white lysozyme, as well as the binding interactions of these metal complexes with the enzyme. The results showed that indium curcumin and vanadyl curcumin exhibited higher binding affinities and stronger inhibitory effects on amyloid fibrillation compared to gallium curcumin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takahiro Sasaki, Yoshiki Kuse, Shinsuke Nakamura, Masamitsu Shimazawa
Summary: PGRN deficiency plays a significant role in cardiac remodeling and arrhythmias post-myocardial infarction (MI), potentially by promoting metabolic abnormalities in macrophages.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongwei Zhao, Yiqiang Li, Yibo Zhang, Chi Zhang
Summary: Electrical brain stimulation technology is commonly used to treat brain neurological disorders, but it can cause side effects. This study investigated the impact of electric fields on nerve fibers and revealed the possible origin of side effects. The findings provide guidance for selecting electrical parameters in clinical stimulation therapy.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia S. Scott, Lake-Ee Quek, Andrew J. Hoy, Johannes V. Swinnen, Zeyad D. Nassar, Lisa M. Butler
Summary: The fatty acid elongation enzyme ELOVL5 plays a critical role in promoting metastasis in prostate cancer. Knocking down ELOVL5 leads to the accumulation of malonyl-CoA, which inhibits fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria. This study highlights the importance of fatty acid elongation in regulating cell viability and provides a potential target for prostate cancer treatment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zan Zhou, Wen-jun Jiang, Li Li, Jun-qiang Si
Summary: This study investigates the effect of noise exposure on cognitive function in mice and explores the underlying molecular mechanisms. The findings suggest that noise exposure leads to increased inflammation, increased phosphorylation of Tau protein, and decreased levels of postsynaptic density protein, resulting in cognitive impairment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)