Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Matthew T. Stratton, Kembra Albracht-Schulte, Patrick S. Harty, Madelin R. Siedler, Christian Rodriguez, Grant M. Tinsley
Summary: This review examines the physiological responses during acute fasting, finding that short-term fasting can alter substrate metabolism within the initial 24 hours, while the impact on protein metabolism appears to be minimal. The effect of acute fasting on autophagy remains unknown.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Iulia Minciuna, Suchira Gallage, Mathias Heikenwalder, Shira Zelber-Sagi, Jean-Francois Dufour
Summary: NASH, a chronic liver disease that can progress to end-stage liver disease and HCC, can be effectively treated with intermittent fasting, which not only induces weight loss but also reduces inflammation and oxidative stress.
Article
Cell Biology
Fang Wei, Lijun Gong, Siyu Lu, Yiming Zhou, Li Liu, Zhigui Duan, Rong Xiang, Frank J. Gonzalez, Guolin Li
Summary: The study found that fasting for 16 hours can initiate a circadian resonance of multiple pathways in the liver, which punctually switches following refeeding. This indicates that the hepatic proteasome may serve as a fasting timer and a coordinator of pathway transcriptional resonance.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Thomas Marjot, Jeremy W. Tomlinson, Leanne Hodson, David W. Ray
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major public health concern and is closely related to liver-related and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In addition to high total energy intake and unhealthy consumption of processed foods, the timing of energy intake throughout the day has been shown to be an important determinant of individual risk for NAFLD and metabolic conditions. This review summarizes the available data on dietary patterns and metabolic disease, highlighting the negative effects of irregular meal patterns, skipping breakfast, and night-time eating on liver health. It also explores the potential benefits of manipulating energy intake timing and fasting on metabolic health.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Caroline Lindholm, Petros Batakis, Jordi Altimiras, John Lees
Summary: Research finds that intermittent fasting has significant effects on gene expression in the liver, particularly genes related to energy metabolism. Intermittent fasting promotes increased proliferative potential in both birds and mammals, indicating that the health benefits of periodic caloric restriction are not limited to mammals alone.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sandra Haupt, Max L. Eckstein, Alina Wolf, Rebecca T. Zimmer, Nadine B. Wachsmuth, Othmar Moser
Summary: The circadian rhythmicity of endogenous metabolic and hormonal processes is crucial for overall health. Adjusting the timing of diet and exercise can help reset disrupted circadian pacemakers and potentially prevent metabolic diseases. However, these lifestyle interventions cannot address the underlying issue of the misalignment between our biological and social time.
Review
Biology
Ya-Nan Ma, Xuemei Jiang, Wei Tang, Peipei Song
Summary: Studies have shown that intermittent fasting (IF) has numerous health benefits, including preventing diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and heart disease, as well as alleviating metabolic syndrome, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease. IF accomplishes these effects by inducing metabolic and hormonal changes, and activating hepatic autophagy, which plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, quality control, and defense against damage and pathogens.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anubhav Mishra, Devika Sobha, Dimple Patel, Padmanaban S. Suresh
Summary: This study aims to delve into the biological responses to intermittent fasting, examine the disease-modifying and cognitive effects of intermittent fasting, and shed light on the potential side effects.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Aurelie Nicolas, Martine Deplanche, Pierre-Henri Commere, Alan Diot, Clemence Genthon, Wanderson Marques da Silva, Vasco Azevedo, Pierre Germon, Helene Jamme, Eric Guedon, Yves Le Loir, Frederic Laurent, Helene Bierne, Nadia Berkova
Summary: In this study, the transcriptomic profile of human osteoblast-like cells infected with long-term Staphylococcus aureus was analyzed using RNA-seq and pathway enrichment analysis. The results showed enhanced immune and inflammatory responses, metabolic dysregulations, and downregulation of genes encoding epigenetic regulators. The study also identified deregulated genes encoding proteins involved in cell adhesion and neurotransmission.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kevin M. Magnaye, Selene M. Clay, Jessie Nicodemus-Johnson, Katherine A. Naughton, Janel Huffman, Matthew C. Altman, Daniel J. Jackson, James E. Gern, Douglas K. Hogarth, Edward T. Naureckas, Steven R. White, Carole Ober
Summary: Maternal asthma is a consistent risk factor for asthma in children, potentially impacting diverse epigenetically mediated pathways leading to distinct subtypes of severe asthma in adults, including hard-to-treat T2-low asthma. Analysis shows differences in DNA methylation patterns between mothers with and without asthma in genes related to impaired T cell signaling and response to pathogens. These findings may have implications for understanding and treating different subtypes of asthma.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Izzah Vasim, Chaudry N. Majeed, Mark D. DeBoer
Summary: Given the strain of the obesity epidemic on public health outcomes, new approaches to weight control are necessary. Intermittent fasting, with its beneficial metabolic effects, is an option to consider for individuals with unhealthy weight gain patterns. However, further research is needed for long-term outcomes and it should be avoided in specific health conditions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paige Niepoetter, Carolyn Butts-Wilmsmeyer, Chaya Gopalan
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of intermittent fasting on the mental and physical fatigue of obese rats. The results showed that intermittent fasting led to slower weight gain and lower blood glucose levels compared to the ad libitum group. The type of diet also affected ketone levels. However, there was no significant difference in mental or physical fatigue between intermittent fasting and ad libitum feeding.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Krista Varady
Summary: Krista Varady discusses two seminal papers on intermittent fasting that inspired her to enter this research area. These papers were influential in shaping her research direction.
NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Xu Zhao, Jing Yang, Ruoyu Huang, Mengmeng Guo, Ya Zhou, Lin Xu
Summary: Intermittent fasting is gaining attention worldwide for its potential impact on energy metabolism and health, particularly in the field of oncology. Research suggests that IF can alter tumor cell metabolism, inhibit tumor growth, and enhance anticancer treatments, making it a promising approach in cancer therapy. However, the long-term benefits of IF compared to risks from caloric restriction require further investigation.
CANCER BIOLOGY & MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bo Liu, Amy T. Hutchison, Campbell H. Thompson, Kylie Lange, Gary A. Wittert, Leonie K. Heilbronn
Summary: Intermittent fasting (IF) has different effects on lipid metabolism compared to caloric restriction (CR), leading to more weight and fat loss, but also reduced expression of antioxidant enzymes. However, fasting can cause insulin resistance and increased PLIN5 expression, possibly reflecting transient lipid storage.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biology
Varsha Hande, Karthik Prathaban, M. Prakash Hande
Summary: The seminar-style educational module on Radiation and Society at Tembusu College, NUS aimed to equip students with analytical tools to assess evidence on nuclear energy and societal perceptions of radiation, with interactive sessions covering topics like historical dimensions, radiation science, and societal impacts. The post-course survey revealed students perceived nuclear energy as safe and reliable but preferred renewable energy, indicating the effectiveness of the sessions in raising awareness.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Luting Poh, Wei Liang Sim, Dong-Gyu Jo, Quynh Nhu Dinh, Grant R. Drummond, Christopher G. Sobey, Christopher Li-Hsian Chen, Mitchell K. P. Lai, David Y. Fann, Thiruma V. Arumugam
Summary: This review aims to provide a comprehensive insight into the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced inflammasome signaling in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI).
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Vismitha Rajeev, David Y. Fann, Quynh Nhu Dinh, Hyun Ah Kim, T. Michael De Silva, Mitchell K. P. Lai, Christopher Li-Hsian Chen, Grant R. Drummond, Christopher G. Sobey, Thiruma Arumugam
Summary: The prevalence of cerebrovascular disease increases with age, and the elderly are at a higher risk for developing dementia. Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) covers a range of cognitive deficits from mild impairment to dementia. VCI, including its severe form vascular dementia (VaD), has become a global public health concern. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is believed to be a major cause of VCI, leading to blood brain barrier (BBB) breakdown and neurodegeneration. This review explores the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying BBB breakdown during CCH and discusses clinical evidence in identifying at-risk VCI patients.
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shiva Hadi Esfahani, Thomas J. Abbruscato, Paul C. Trippier, Vardan T. Karamyan
EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC TARGETS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Gavin Yong-Quan Ng, Varsha Hande, Min Hui Ong, Beverly Wen-Xin Wong, Zachary Wai-Loon Loh, Wei D. Ho, Lionel B. Handison, Ian Ming-Sheng P. Tan, David Y. Fann, Thiruma Arumugam, M. Prakash Hande
Summary: Telomeres play a critical role in maintaining cellular fate and are closely related to ageing and age-associated diseases. Dietary habits and interventions may promote healthy ageing, but further research is needed to establish the link between dietary intervention and telomere maintenance.
MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Saeideh Nozohouri, Shiva Hadi Esfahani, Behnam Noorani, Dhaval Patel, Heidi Villalba, Yashwardhan Ghanwatkar, Md Shafikur Rahman, Yong Zhang, Ulrich Bickel, Paul C. Trippier, Vardan T. Karamyan, Thomas J. Abbruscato
Summary: This study selected three drug compounds (9d, 10c, 11a) for quantitative pharmacokinetic analysis in healthy and ischemic stroke-induced mice, and revealed the correlation between the brain concentration and permeability of these compounds.
PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shiva Hadi Esfahani, Srinidhi Jayaraman, Vardan T. Karamyan
Summary: This study aimed to confirm the effect of DIZE on the activity of ACE2 and other peptidases involved in the formation and degradation of Ang-(1-7). The results showed that DIZE did not activate ACE2 or substantially affect the activity of other peptidases. Therefore, DIZE cannot be called an ACE2 activator, and its therapeutic benefits may be attributed to other mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Correction
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yoonsuk Cho, Han-Gyu Bae, Eitan Okun, Thiruma V. Arumugam, Dong-Gyu Jo
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiyeon Seo, Hongik Hwang, Heesung Sohn, Eunsil Cho, Sunmin Jung, Soohyun Kim, Seung Min Um, Ji Yeon Kim, Muwon Kang, Yuri Choi, Jong-Hwan Kim, Mirang Kim, Seon-Young Kim, Sun-Kyung Lee, Joohong Ahnn, Hyewhon Rhim, Dong-Gyu Jo, Eunjoon Kim, Mikyoung Park
Summary: Spatial learning and memory flexibility are regulated by long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) at the cellular level. This study demonstrates that Ccny knockout (KO) mice exhibit enhanced LTP, weak LTD, and improved spatial learning and memory. CCNY modulates memory flexibility by modulating the cofilin-actin signaling pathway in the hippocampus.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Abhik Chakraborty, Souvick Roy, Manoor Prakash Hande, Birendranath Banerjee
Summary: The study aimed to elucidate the genomic instability among couples experiencing unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. It was found that individuals with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss exhibited higher levels of intracellular oxidative stress and basal genomic instability compared to fertile controls. This study highlights the role of genomic instability in cases of unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss.
MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS
(2023)
Biographical-Item
Biology
M. Prakash Hande, Hiroo Nakajima
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Environmental Sciences
N. G. Gavin, Thiruma Arumugam, Prakash Hande
ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sharmelee Selvaraji, Motakis Efthymios, Roger Sik Yin Foo, David Y. Fann, Mitchell Kim Peng Lai, Christopher Li Hsian Chen, Kah Leong Lim, Thiruma Arumugam
Summary: This study investigates the impact of intermittent fasting (IF) on DNA methylation in a mouse model of vascular dementia (VaD). The results show that intermittent fasting improves cognitive ability and reduces neuropathological alterations in VaD mice. Modulation of DNA methylation patterns was also observed.
Article
Oncology
Sok Lin Foo, Karishma Sachaphibulkij, Corinne L. Y. Lee, Gracemary L. R. Yap, Jianzhou Cui, Thiruma Arumugam, Lina H. K. Lim
Summary: This study reveals a signaling network involving ANXA1 between metastatic breast cancer cells and microglia, which promotes the recruitment and activation of microglia. Inhibition of ANXA1 and its receptor may be therapeutically beneficial in the treatment of breast cancer and secondary metastasis to the brain.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)