A1/A2 astrocytes in central nervous system injuries and diseases: Angels or devils?

Silencing of circIgf1r plays a protective role in neuronal injury via regulating astrocyte polarization during epilepsy

(2021) Lin Shao et al.   FASEB JOURNAL

Astrocyte subtype-specific approach to Alzheimer's disease treatment

(2021) Sukanya Sarkar et al.   NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL

The Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease

(2021) Luis O. Soto-Rojas et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

Ceria nanoparticles ameliorate white matter injury after intracerebral hemorrhage: microglia-astrocyte involvement in remyelination

(2021) Jingwei Zheng et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions

(2021) Carole Escartin et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Induced Expression of kir6.2 in A1 Astrocytes Propagates Inflammatory Neurodegeneration via Drp1-dependent Mitochondrial Fission

(2021) Nanshan Song et al.   Frontiers in Pharmacology

Contribution of astrocytes to neuropathology of neurodegenerative diseases

(2021) Cigdem Acioglu et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH

An engineered neurovascular unit for modeling neuroinflammation

(2021) Suyeong Seo et al.   Biofabrication

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Repairing the Neurovascular Unit after Ischemic Stroke

(2021) Courtney Davis et al.   Cells

Neural crest cell-derived pericytes act as pro-angiogenic cells in human neocortex development and gliomas

(2021) Francesco Girolamo et al.   Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

The effects of A1/A2 astrocytes on oligodendrocyte linage cells against white matter injury under prolonged cerebral hypoperfusion

(2020) Nobukazu Miyamoto et al.   GLIA

Oxylipin Profiles as Functional Characteristics of Acute Inflammatory Responses in Astrocytes Pre-Treated with IL-4, IL-10, or LPS

(2020) Dmitry V. Chistyakov et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

Early Reactive A1 Astrocytes Induction by the Neurotoxin 3-Nitropropionic Acid in Rat Brain

(2020) Carmen Lopez-Sanchez et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

Hippocampal microglial activation triggers a neurotoxic-specific astrocyte response and mediates etomidate-induced long-term synaptic inhibition

(2020) Dongliang Li et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves functional recovery by inhibiting neurotoxic polarization of astrocytes in ischemic rats

(2020) Ye Hong et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Inhibition of the NLRP3-inflammasome prevents cognitive deficits in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice via the alteration of astrocyte phenotype

(2020) Baohua Hou et al.   Cell Death & Disease

A1 astrocytes contribute to murine depression-like behavior and cognitive dysfunction, which can be alleviated by IL-10 or fluorocitrate treatment

(2020) He-Yang Zhang et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Three-dimensional morphometric analysis reveals time-dependent structural changes in microglia and astrocytes in the central amygdala and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of heart failure rats

(2020) Ferdinand Althammer et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Microglia induce the transformation of A1/A2 reactive astrocytes via the CXCR7/PI3K/Akt pathway in chronic post-surgical pain

(2020) Ting Li et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Roles of Prokineticin 2 in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Early Brain Injury via Regulation of Phenotype Polarization in Astrocytes

(2020) Mian Ma et al.   MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY

NF-κB signaling in astrocytes modulates brain inflammation and neuronal injury following sequential exposure to manganese and MPTP during development and aging

(2020) Sean L Hammond et al.   TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Rising Stars: Astrocytes as a Therapeutic Target for ALS Disease

(2020) Michal Izrael et al.   Frontiers in Neuroscience

Interaction of Microglia and Astrocytes in the Neurovascular Unit

(2020) Li-rong Liu et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

The Increased Densities, But Different Distributions, of Both C3 and S100A10 Immunopositive Astrocyte-Like Cells in Alzheimer’s Disease Brains Suggest Possible Roles for Both A1 and A2 Astrocytes in the Disease Pathogenesis

(2020) Andrew King et al.   Brain Sciences

Fasudil inhibits the activation of microglia and astrocytes of transgenic Alzheimer's disease mice via the downregulation of TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB pathway

(2020) Min-fang Guo et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

Cottonseed oil alleviates ischemic stroke injury by inhibiting the inflammatory activation of microglia and astrocyte

(2020) Min Liu et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Microglia and Astrocytes in Disease: Dynamic Duo or Partners in Crime?

(2020) Shane A. Liddelow et al.   TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY

Gene Expression Analysis of Astrocyte and Microglia Endocannabinoid Signaling during Autoimmune Demyelination

(2020) Álvaro Moreno-García et al.   Biomolecules

Intranigral Administration of β-Sitosterol-β-D-Glucoside Elicits Neurotoxic A1 Astrocyte Reactivity and Chronic Neuroinflammation in the Rat Substantia Nigra

(2020) Claudia Luna-Herrera et al.   Journal of Immunology Research

Neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disorders: the roles of microglia and astrocytes

(2020) Hyuk Sung Kwon et al.   Translational Neurodegeneration

Inhibition of Stat3‐mediated astrogliosis ameliorates pathology in an Alzheimer's disease model

(2019) Nicole Reichenbach et al.   EMBO Molecular Medicine

Inflammation in Traumatic Brain Injury: Roles for Toxic A1 Astrocytes and Microglial–Astrocytic Crosstalk

(2019) David P. Q. Clark et al.   NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH

Effects of FGF2/FGFR1 Pathway on Expression of A1 Astrocytes After Infrasound Exposure

(2019) Lin-Hui Zou et al.   Frontiers in Neuroscience

Complement 3+-astrocytes are highly abundant in prion diseases, but their abolishment led to an accelerated disease course and early dysregulation of microglia

(2019) Kristin Hartmann et al.   Acta Neuropathologica Communications

Silencing miR-21 induces polarization of astrocytes to the A2 phenotype and improves the formation of synapses by targeting glypican 6 via the signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 pathway after acute ischemic spinal cord injury

(2019) Yanlin Su et al.   FASEB JOURNAL

Cerebral inducible nitric oxide synthase protein expression in microglia, astrocytes and neurons in Trypanosoma brucei brucei-infected rats

(2019) Raymond Cespuglio et al.   PLoS One

Blocking Notch signal pathway suppresses the activation of neurotoxic A1 astrocytes after spinal cord injury

(2019) Dingfei Qian et al.   CELL CYCLE

Interleukin-6 Expression by Hypothalamic Microglia in Multiple Inflammatory Contexts: A Systematic Review

(2019) Vanessa C. D. Bobbo et al.   Biomed Research International

Complement C3a induces axonal hypomyelination in the periventricular white matter through activation of WNT/β‐catenin signal pathway in septic neonatal rats experimentally induced by lipopolysaccharide

(2019) Peixian Huang et al.   BRAIN PATHOLOGY

Glial Scar—a Promising Target for Improving Outcomes After CNS Injury

(2019) Yuanyuan He et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE

Neurotoxic astrocytes express the d-serine synthesizing enzyme, serine racemase, in Alzheimer's disease

(2019) Darrick T. Balu et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE

HSV-1 triggers paracrine fibroblast growth factor response from cortical brain cells via immediate-early protein ICP0

(2019) Niko Hensel et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

High complement levels in astrocyte-derived exosomes of Alzheimer disease

(2018) Edward J. Goetzl et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Astrocytes in primary cultures express serine racemase, synthesize d -serine and acquire A1 reactive astrocyte features

(2018) Suyan Li et al.   BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Complement Component C3 Promotes Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Mediated by TLR2/NFκB Activation in Diabetic Mice

(2018) Zheng Lin et al.   NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH

Effects of long-term rapamycin treatment on glial scar formation after cryogenic traumatic brain injury in mice

(2018) Yan-Ying Fan et al.   NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS

Normal aging induces A1-like astrocyte reactivity

(2018) Laura E. Clarke et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Prokineticin-2 promotes chemotaxis and alternative A2 reactivity of astrocytes

(2018) Matthew Neal et al.   GLIA

MFG-E8 reverses microglial-induced neurotoxic astrocyte (A1) via NF-κB and PI3K-Akt pathways

(2018) Xiaotian Xu et al.   JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY

Connexin 30 deficiency attenuates A2 astrocyte responses and induces severe neurodegeneration in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine hydrochloride Parkinson’s disease animal model

(2018) Atsushi Fujita et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Inhibitive Effects of FGF2/FGFR1 Pathway on Astrocyte-Mediated Inflammation in vivo and in vitro After Infrasound Exposure

(2018) Ya-Jun Shi et al.   Frontiers in Neuroscience

Stroke target identification guided by astrocyte transcriptome analysis

(2018) Cordula Rakers et al.   GLIA

Pentraxin 3 promotes long-term cerebral blood flow recovery, angiogenesis, and neuronal survival after stroke

(2018) Ivana Rajkovic et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM

A new function for Prokineticin 2: Recruitment of SVZ-derived neuroblasts to the injured cortex in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury

(2018) Mayara Vieira Mundim et al.   MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE

Complement C3aR Inactivation Attenuates Tau Pathology and Reverses an Immune Network Deregulated in Tauopathy Models and Alzheimer’s Disease

(2018) Alexandra Litvinchuk et al.   NEURON

Astrocyte Heterogeneity in the Adult Central Nervous System

(2018) Sean J. Miller   Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Connexin 30 Deficiency Attenuates Chronic but Not Acute Phases of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Through Induction of Neuroprotective Microglia

(2018) Mei Fang et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

Reactive astrocyte COX2-PGE2 production inhibits oligodendrocyte maturation in neonatal white matter injury

(2017) Lawrence R. Shiow et al.   GLIA

Reactive Astrocytes: Production, Function, and Therapeutic Potential

(2017) Shane A. Liddelow et al.   IMMUNITY

Regulation of RhoA by STAT3 coordinates glial scar formation

(2017) Francois Renault-Mihara et al.   JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY

Enhanced astrocytic d-serine underlies synaptic damage after traumatic brain injury

(2017) Enmanuel J. Perez et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Microglial complement receptor 3 regulates brain Aβ levels through secreted proteolytic activity

(2017) Eva Czirr et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Neurotoxic reactive astrocytes are induced by activated microglia

(2017) Shane A. Liddelow et al.   NATURE

Interaction of reactive astrocytes with type I collagen induces astrocytic scar formation through the integrin–N-cadherin pathway after spinal cord injury

(2017) Masamitsu Hara et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

The Neurovascular Unit Coming of Age: A Journey through Neurovascular Coupling in Health and Disease

(2017) Costantino Iadecola   NEURON

Complement C3 deficiency protects against neurodegeneration in aged plaque-rich APP/PS1 mice

(2017) Qiaoqiao Shi et al.   Science Translational Medicine

Complement peptide C3a stimulates neural plasticity after experimental brain ischaemia

(2016) Anna Stokowska et al.   BRAIN

Astrocyte-Microglia Cross Talk through Complement Activation Modulates Amyloid Pathology in Mouse Models of Alzheimer's Disease

(2016) H. Lian et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Astrocyte scar formation aids central nervous system axon regeneration

(2016) Mark A. Anderson et al.   NATURE

Schizophrenia risk from complex variation of complement component 4

(2016) Aswin Sekar et al.   NATURE

The complex STATes of astrocyte reactivity: How are they controlled by the JAK–STAT3 pathway?

(2016) Kelly Ceyzériat et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

An Interplay of S-Nitrosylation and Metal Ion Binding for Astrocytic S100B Protein

(2016) Małgorzata Bajor et al.   PLoS One

Complement and microglia mediate early synapse loss in Alzheimer mouse models

(2016) S. Hong et al.   SCIENCE

Prokineticin-2 upregulation during neuronal injury mediates a compensatory protective response against dopaminergic neuronal degeneration

(2016) Richard Gordon et al.   Nature Communications

Alterations in microglial phenotype and hippocampal neuronal function in transgenic mice with astrocyte-targeted production of interleukin-10

(2015) Beatriz Almolda et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Astrocyte-targeted production of IL-10 induces changes in microglial reactivity and reduces motor neuron death after facial nerve axotomy

(2015) Nàdia Villacampa et al.   GLIA

Pentraxin 3 mediates neurogenesis and angiogenesis after cerebral ischaemia

(2015) Beatriz Rodriguez-Grande et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

The JAK/STAT3 Pathway Is a Common Inducer of Astrocyte Reactivity in Alzheimer's and Huntington's Diseases

(2015) L. Ben Haim et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

NFκB-Activated Astroglial Release of Complement C3 Compromises Neuronal Morphology and Function Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease

(2015) Hong Lian et al.   NEURON

Astrocytes in Neurodegenerative Disease: Table 1.

(2015) Hemali Phatnani et al.   Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

Histidine provides long-term neuroprotection after cerebral ischemia through promoting astrocyte migration

(2015) Ru-jia Liao et al.   Scientific Reports

Bv8/prokineticin 2 is involved in Aβ-induced neurotoxicity

(2015) Cinzia Severini et al.   Scientific Reports

TGFβ produced by IL-10 redirected astrocytes attenuates microglial activation

(2014) Diana M. Norden et al.   GLIA

Astrocyte activation is suppressed in both normal and injured brain by FGF signaling

(2014) W. Kang et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

The Acute-Phase Protein PTX3 is an Essential Mediator of Glial Scar Formation and Resolution of Brain Edema after Ischemic Injury

(2013) Beatriz Rodriguez-Grande et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Oligodendroglia: metabolic supporters of axons

(2013) Brett M. Morrison et al.   TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY

The Complement System: An Unexpected Role in Synaptic Pruning During Development and Disease

(2012) Alexander H. Stephan et al.   Annual Review of Neuroscience

Genomic Analysis of Reactive Astrogliosis

(2012) J. L. Zamanian et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

From IL-2 to IL-37: the expanding spectrum of anti-inflammatory cytokines

(2012) Jacques Banchereau et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Complement Inhibition Promotes Endogenous Neurogenesis and Sustained Anti-Inflammatory Neuroprotection following Reperfused Stroke

(2012) Andrew F. Ducruet et al.   PLoS One

Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3/suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (STAT3/SOCS3) axis in myeloid cells regulates neuroinflammation

(2012) H. Qin et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Prokineticin 2 is an endangering mediator of cerebral ischemic injury

(2012) M. Y. Cheng et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Signaling Pathways in Reactive Astrocytes, a Genetic Perspective

(2011) Wenfei Kang et al.   MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY

NF-κB is 25

(2011) David Baltimore   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Role of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3 in Up-Regulation of GFAP After Epilepsy

(2011) Zucai Xu et al.   NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH

Analysis of glial secretome: The long pentraxin PTX3 modulates phagocytic activity of microglia

(2010) Hyejin Jeon et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

Fibrinogen Triggers Astrocyte Scar Formation by Promoting the Availability of Active TGF-  after Vascular Damage

(2010) C. Schachtrup et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Astrocytes: biology and pathology

(2009) Michael V. Sofroniew et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

The bright side of the glial scar in CNS repair

(2009) Asya Rolls et al.   NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE

The NF- B Family of Transcription Factors and Its Regulation

(2009) A. Oeckinghaus et al.   Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

The prokineticin receptor agonist Bv8 decreases IL-10 and IL-4 production in mice splenocytes by activating prokineticin receptor-1

(2008) Silvia Franchi et al.   BMC IMMUNOLOGY

STAT3 is a Critical Regulator of Astrogliosis and Scar Formation after Spinal Cord Injury

(2008) J. E. Herrmann et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE