Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Siobhan A. O'Halloran, Gabriel Eksteen, Nadene Polayya, Megan Ropertz, Marjanne Senekal
Summary: The study examined the food environments of school-aged learners, revealing common household food items such as refined carbohydrates, fats/oils, chicken, processed meats, snacks, and drinks. It was found that vegetables were consumed less frequently in households, with a majority of students bringing lunchboxes to school. Despite efforts to promote a healthy school food environment, unhealthy snacks were still being sold at the school tuckshop. Further investigation is needed in urban and informal settlement areas to address the availability of unhealthy foods, household eating behaviors, and the healthfulness of foods sold at informal food outlets.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thao Minh Lam, Alfred J. J. Wagtendonk, Nicolette R. R. den Braver, Derek Karssenberg, Ilonca Vaartjes, Erik J. J. Timmermans, Joline W. J. Beulens, Jeroen Lakerveld
Summary: This study aimed to create a comprehensive index to quantify obesogenicity in all neighborhoods in the Netherlands, considering both food and physical activity environments. The resulting OBCT index revealed that obesogenicity was lower in more urbanized neighborhoods, except for extremely urbanized ones. The OBCT index showed moderate correlations with both the food and physical activity environments.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lawrence D. Frank, Alexander Bigazzi, Andy Hong, Leia Minaker, Pat Fisher, Kim D. Raine
Summary: The study found that neighborhood walkability and food environments are important factors in shaping physical activity, diet, and obesity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hyunjung Lee, Gugulethu T. Moyo, Rufus J. Theophilus, Wilna Oldewage-Theron
Summary: This study evaluated the associations between dietary changes and risk factors of type 2 diabetes in older populations in Sharpeville, South Africa. The results showed that women had significantly higher BMI levels compared to men, and waist circumference significantly decreased. Furthermore, intakes of total energy, fatty acids, and cholesterol were positively associated with BMI and waist circumference, while fatty acid intake was negatively associated with HOMA-IR and HOMA-B.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lan Wang, Wei Huang, Chuan Zhao, Yuanchao Hu, Shenghui Cui
Summary: Unsustainable diets are a major factor in the nutrition-health-environment trilemma. This study examines the diet-related impacts of different socio-economic groups and finds that inequality in food consumption and its related impacts is present and growing. Reformed responsibility allocation systems are necessary for better environmental management during dietary transitions.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Petya Atanasova, Dian Kusuma, Elisa Pineda, Gary Frost, Franco Sassi, Marisa Miraldo
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the impact of different elements of the food environment on dietary intake and obesity. The findings suggest that interventions in the consumer food environment can significantly improve dietary quality of children and adults, while the effect on BMI is not significant. The number and distance of unhealthy food outlets in the neighborhood increase fast-food consumption and higher BMI for children, and impact selected adult populations. The availability and distance to healthy food outlets significantly improve children's dietary intake and BMI, but have no significant effect on adults.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Siyuan Liu, Paul J. Veugelers, Katerina Maximova, Arto Ohinmaa
Summary: Implementing a sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax in Canada is a potential cost-effective policy option for reducing obesity and related chronic diseases. The model built in this study provides a more accurate estimate of the health and economic impact of SSB tax and could be used to estimate other sugar tax options.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Joreintje D. Mackenbach, Elodie L. Ibouanga, Monique H. van der Veen, Kirsten A. Ziesemer, Maria G. M. Pinho
Summary: This systematic literature review provides evidence, although of low to moderate quality and available in a low quantity only, that several aspects of the food environment, especially policies affecting the food environment, are associated with oral health outcomes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ashley Selman, Scott Burns, Arubala P. Reddy, John Culberson, P. Hemachandra Reddy
Summary: Chronic conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and dementia are increasing in the US population. They share similar origins and risk factors, including age, genetic predisposition, depression, and a high-fat diet. Obesity is a key factor leading to diabetes, while dementia can be prevented through lifestyle changes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tursunay Abdumijit, Dong Zhao, Ronghua Zhang
Summary: This study aims to investigate the impact of neighborhood food environment on childhood obesity and establish a framework for children's weight status. By comparing two models, the results indicate that the neighborhood food environment may directly affect children's BMI and have a positive impact on unhealthy eating behaviors.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Lara Gomes Suhett, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff, Bruna Clemente Cota, Sarah Aparecida Vieira Ribeiro, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hebert, Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini, Juliana Farias de Novaes
Summary: The study analyzed the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) or the children's C-DII and cardiometabolic risk and inflammatory biomarkers in children and adolescents. All papers found a positive association, indicating that a proinflammatory diet is linked to a higher risk of early development of cardiometabolic and inflammatory changes during childhood.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thorkild I. A. Sorensen, Sophia Metz, Tuomas O. Kilpelainen
Summary: The rapid increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes globally in recent decades may be a result of diabetogenic environmental changes acting in conjunction with genetic predisposition. Behavioral modification focusing on weight loss, physical activity, and diet has been shown to delay or prevent the development of type 2 diabetes in high-risk individuals. Despite genetic differences, behavioral changes appear equally effective in reducing the incidence of type 2 diabetes, regardless of known genetic predisposition.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Peng Jia, Hongxi Yang, Xinxi Cao, Changzheng Yuan, Qian Xiao, Shujuan Yang, Yaogang Wang
Summary: The association between access to full-service restaurants (FSRs) and weight-related outcomes among children remains inconclusive based on the review of 18 studies conducted in three countries. No significant associations were found between FSR access and body mass index (BMI) level or the risk of overweight/obesity in children. However, caution is needed in interpreting these results due to the heterogeneity of eligible studies and the need for further well-designed epidemiologic studies to clarify the potential association between FSR access and children's weight status.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cindy Needham, Claudia Strugnell, Steven Allender, Laura Alston, Liliana Orellana
Summary: This study examines the association and temporal trends between the food environment and BMI of adults. The results show that BMI increases as accessibility to healthy outlets decreases. High access to supermarkets and unhealthy outlets are associated with lower BMI. The research highlights the importance of increasing access to diverse food outlets, particularly healthy ones, for promoting good health.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shannon Sim, Paul J. Veugelers, Rachel Prowse, Candace I. J. Nykiforuk, Katerina Maximova
Summary: The study demonstrated that higher absolute number of unhealthy food outlets within school surroundings, along with an increase in the proportion of unhealthy food outlets, negatively affects children's diet quality and weight status.
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cara L. Frankenfeld
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cara L. Frankenfeld, Meredith A. J. Hullar, Gertraud Maskarinec, Kristine R. Monroe, John A. Shepherd, Adrian A. Franke, Timothy W. Randolph, Lynne R. Wilkens, Carol J. Boushey, Loic Le Marchand, Unhee Lim, Johanna W. Lampe
Summary: By analyzing the data from the study, it was found that objective biomarkers of fruit and vegetable intake, especially carotenoids, were positively associated with gut bacterial composition and diversity in this multiethnic population. This provides supportive evidence that high diet quality, particularly fruit and vegetable intake, influences the human gut microbiome in a favorable way.
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cara L. Frankenfeld, Jahn K. Hakes, Timothy F. Leslie
Summary: This study used a large nationally representative population to evaluate the impact of racial and ethnic segregation on mortality rates, finding differences in associations based on race, ethnicity, and gender. Future research is needed to identify the specific structural mechanisms underlying these differences for more effective public health interventions.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Patrick Sullivan, Ed Trapido, John Acquavella, Richard F. Gillum, Russell S. Kirby, Michael R. Kramer, Suzan L. Carmichael, Cara L. Frankenfeld, Edwina Yeung, Cory Woodyatt, Stefan Baral
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cara L. Frankenfeld, Gertraud Maskarinec, Adrian A. Franke
Summary: The study reveals the relationship between urinary ODMA concentrations and metabotypes, showing changes in ODMA metabotypes within different time points and among individuals. Influential metabolites include phenolic compounds, carnitine derivatives, fatty acid, and amino acid metabolites. These findings suggest that ODMA metabotype could serve as a marker of gut microbiome functionality and should be considered in precision nutrition initiatives.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cara L. Frankenfeld
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Matthew E. Rossheim, Bita Khoshhal, Samantha Karon, Lawrence J. Cheskin, Pamela J. Trangenstein, Cara L. Frankenfeld, Niloofar Ramezani, Alison E. Cuellar
Summary: The study found that a notable proportion of students had rapid firearm access, which was strongly associated with recent binge drinking. Campus prevention programs should consider improving their alcohol and firearm policies to prevent violence and self-harm.
JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Carol L. Cleaveland, Cara L. Frankenfeld
Summary: This study identifies the potential pathways to poor mental health among Latinos during the COVID-19 pandemic. It shows that financial hardship and food insufficiency are strongly associated with adverse mental health symptoms across different characteristics. Targeted programs to ensure food sufficiency and income may be necessary to improve mental health in US Latinos.
JOURNAL OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC HEALTH DISPARITIES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cara L. Frankenfeld
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Li Jiang, Lawrence J. Cheskin, Cara L. Frankenfeld, Ziaul H. Rana, Lilian de Jonge
Summary: This study evaluates the relationship between dietary and physical activity behaviors and loneliness among college students. The results indicate that loneliness is associated with poorer diet quality and reduced physical activity.
JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cara L. Frankenfeld
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Riley L. L. Hughes, Cara L. L. Frankenfeld, Daryl M. M. Gohl, Curtis Huttenhower, Scott A. A. Jackson, Doris Vandeputte, Emily Vogtmann, Sarah S. S. Comstock, Mary E. E. Kable
Summary: The microbial cells in the human body play a vital role in regulating and maintaining human health. Understanding the specific associations between the human microbiome and health outcomes can help develop targeted recommendations and treatments to prevent and treat diseases. However, the potential of these recommendations and treatments to improve human health has not been fully realized. Technological advancements have provided tools and methods for collecting and analyzing microbiome samples, but differences in methodology can lead to variability in results and hinder the detection and validation of associations. Therefore, a satellite session was hosted to review available methods, best practices, and tools to improve the comparability of microbiome research and enhance the understanding of the associations between the human microbiome and health.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Ziaul H. Rana, Cara L. Frankenfeld, Erika J. Kennedy, Cibely Leon, Lilian de Jonge, Li Jiang, Marissa Davila, Lawrence J. Cheskin
Summary: This study aimed to identify the food sources contributing the most to total energy percentage, macronutrients, vitamin, and mineral consumption among college freshmen, and whether sex played a role. Results showed that certain food categories, such as grain products, meat, poultry, and fish, contributed significantly to energy and nutrient intake. However, less desirable sources, including sugary and sports drinks, were also identified. Among female students, a greater portion of nutritional intake came from healthier choices. Overall, a majority of total energy intake comes from food categories that are energy-dense but also provide essential nutrients.
JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Timothy F. Leslie, Cara L. Frankenfeld, Angela J. Hattery
Summary: This study examined the relationship between police shootings and the race/ethnicity of the victims, as well as residential segregation and racial diversity. The results showed that the impact of residential segregation was only evident when analyzing victims separately by race. Higher levels of segregation were associated with a lower likelihood of police shootings in Black communities, but a higher likelihood in Hispanic communities. Law enforcement agencies in segregated communities are urged to monitor police interactions with residents and the patterns and context of those interactions.
INJURY EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)