Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriela Lupusoru, Ioana Ailincai, Georgiana Fratila, Oana Ungureanu, Andreea Andronesi, Mircea Lupusoru, Mihaela Banu, Ileana Vacaroiu, Constantin Dina, Ioanel Sinescu
Summary: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a common cause of acute kidney injury in cancer patients. Identifying at-risk patients and preventive treatment are essential. TLS can occur spontaneously or be triggered by anti-tumor therapies, leading to electrolyte and metabolic disturbances with potential life-threatening consequences.
Review
Immunology
Eslam E. Abd El-Fattah
Summary: Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrollable cell division and spreading into surrounding tissues. Chemotherapy is an effective treatment approach that inhibits cell proliferation and tumor multiplication. However, tumor lysis syndrome, a common complication of chemotherapy, leads to metabolic changes and inhibits AMPK, resulting in chemo-resistance mechanisms and poor response to treatment. This review aims to uncover new mechanisms underlying the metabolic consequences of tumor lysis on AMPK in the tumor microenvironment and investigate its effects on various chemo-resistance mechanisms.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Marine Arnaud, Maud Loiselle, Camille Vaganay, Stphanie Pons, Emmanuel Letavernier, Jordane Demonchy, Sofiane Fodil, Manal Nouacer, Sandrine Placier, Perrine Frere, Eden Arrii, Julien Lion, Nuala Mooney, Raphael Itzykson, Chakib Djediat, Alexandre Puissant, Lara Zafrani
Summary: This study provides new insights into the pathophysiology of TLS-induced AKI and suggests that extracellular histones may be a novel target for therapeutic intervention in TLS when endothelial dysfunction occurs.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Ziming Zhuang, Yangyi Lin
Summary: This case report presents the electrocardiogram findings of a patient in their 70s with symptoms of chest tightness, shortness of breath, loss of consciousness, and the duration of 5 hours and 10 minutes, respectively.
JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alessandro Allegra, Mario Di Gioacchino, Alessandro Tonacci, Claudia Petrarca, Sebastiano Gangemi
Summary: Conventional chemotherapy has limitations in treating hematological malignancies, while immunotherapy shows promising results despite facing challenges. Nanotechnology has the potential to overcome these challenges and enhance the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy.
Review
Oncology
Anthony J. Perissinotti, Michael R. Bishop, Joseph Bubalo, Mark B. Geyer, Amy Goodrich, Scott C. Howard, Julianna Kula, Sreedhar Mandayam, Mitchell S. Cairo, Ching-Hon Pui
Summary: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a potentially fatal condition caused by the release of intracellular potassium, phosphorus, and nucleic acids into the bloodstream in response to anticancer treatment. A modified Delphi panel of experts convened to update TLS management guidelines based on literature and practice consensus. The guidelines provide detailed recommendations for prophylaxis, monitoring, and management of TLS risks and complications, with hydration being a key element.
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yaru Zhao, Jiajia Tang, Ke Jiang, Shin-Yi Liu, Alexandra Aicher, Christopher Heeschen
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease with increasing incidence and late-stage presentation, resulting in low survival rates. The lack of specific symptoms, biomarkers, and screening tools hinders early diagnosis. Liquid biopsies have emerged as a non-invasive and repeatable method for sampling and analyzing circulating tumor cells, small extracellular vesicles, and tumor DNA. Although liquid biopsies have the potential to aid in early detection, risk stratification, and precision medicine in pancreatic cancer, they have not yet become a routine tool for clinicians. This article summarizes recent findings on the use of liquid biopsy in pancreatic cancer patients, discussing current challenges and future perspectives on this potentially powerful alternative to conventional tissue biopsies.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lin Cheng
Summary: Adverse drug reactions, particularly SJS and TEN, are a significant public health concern with high mortality rates and ineffective treatment options. Factors such as infections, mutations in drug metabolic enzymes, and immune responses contribute to SJS/TEN development. Future research directions include epigenetics, metabolites, and regulatory T cells.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Anthony Acosta, Samantha Venkatesh, Zane Elfessi
Summary: Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) is a metabolic emergency that occurs in patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy and can be fatal, especially in those with high tumor burden. Spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome (STLS) can occur in patients without prior chemotherapy but may be related to glucocorticoid administration. We report a case of a 75-year-old male with myelodysplastic syndrome who developed acute renal failure due to tumor lysis syndrome triggered by candidemia, which is the first known case of STLS in a patient with high tumor burden without corticosteroid use but likely developed this condition in the presence of infection.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Li Wang, Xiaolin Li, Bin Zhao, Dan Mei, Jiandong Jiang, Jingli Duan
Summary: Elderly male patients with lung and thymus malignancies are frequently predisposed to TLS. ICI therapies could induce TLS in both solid and hematological malignancies. The rapid onset time and poor outcomes of patients prompt caution from health-care professionals.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Transplantation
Seung Min Song, Junseok Jeon, Hye Ryoun Jang, Kihyun Kim, Wooseong Huh, Yoon-Goo Kim, Jung Eun Lee
Summary: This study investigated the incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) and tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) after bortezomib-based chemotherapy. The results showed that the incidence of AKI and TLS was 17% and 13% respectively, with some overlap between the two. Lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), lower serum albumin level, renal amyloidosis, and use of acyclovir during bortezomib treatment were predictors of AKI. Beta-2-microglobulin level and absence of high-risk chromosome abnormalities were associated with higher risk of TLS.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jenna Spring, Laveena Munshi
Summary: This review highlights common causes of critical illness associated with hematologic malignancies, including neutropenic sepsis, hyperleukocytosis and leukostasis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia, complications of acute promyelocytic leukemia, tumor lysis syndrome, and critical care complications following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Article
Immunology
Qiqi Zhang, Cheng Zu, Ruirui Jing, Youqin Feng, Yanlei Zhang, Mingming Zhang, Yuqi Lv, Jiazhen Cui, Linhui Zhou, Ye Meng, Linqin Wang, Zenan Cen, Alex H. H. Chang, Yongxian Hu, He Huang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the incidence, clinical characteristics, and prognosis of CAR-T cell-related tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) in patients with refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma (r/r MM) treated with BCMA-targeted CAR-T therapy. The results showed that 17.1% of patients developed TLS after CAR-T cell therapy. TLS development had a negative impact on clinical response and prognosis, highlighting the importance of close monitoring for TLS during CAR-T cell therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Ying Li, Shuai Xiang, Wenjun Pan, Jing Wang, Hanxiang Zhan, Shanglong Liu
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor with high incidence and poor response to surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy. Immunotherapy is a potential treatment strategy, but the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment presents challenges. This review explores the role of immunosuppressive cells and lymphocytes in pancreatic cancer and discusses immunotherapy strategies targeting the tumor microenvironment.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Ari Pelcovits, Jozal Moore, Brianna Bakow, Rabin Niroula, Pamela Egan, John L. Reagan
Summary: Our study showed that outpatient ramp up of venetoclax in combination with HMAs for the treatment of AML is safe, with a very low risk of laboratory TLS (2.5%) and no evidence of clinical TLS within our cohort.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2021)
