Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Frank Tacke
Summary: Since 2022, over 1,000 cases of childhood hepatitis with an unknown cause have been reported. The presence of adeno-associated virus 2 in the blood and livers of these children may provide an explanation.
Article
Virology
Joel Chua, Afua Ntem-Mensah, Ameer Abutaleb, Jennifer Husson, Lydiah Mutumbi, Ka Wing Lam, Alip Ghosh, Sara Romani, Bhawna Poonia, Sam Lee, M. Luz Pascual, Lyn R. Frumkin, Shyamsundaran Kottilil
Summary: Combination regimens of direct-acting antiviral agents for chronic genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infection can achieve high cure rates within shortened treatment durations. Future studies may explore extending the duration of certain drugs to further improve cure rates.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chun-Han Cheng, Chia-Ying Chu, Huan-Lin Chen, I-Tsung Lin, Chia-Hsien Wu, Yuan-Kai Lee, Ping-Jen Hu, Ming-Jong Bair
Summary: This observational study analyzed histological changes in patients after direct-acting antiviral therapy, showing a significant number achieved reversal of liver inflammation and fibrosis without any predictive baseline factors for histological regression.
JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Julie Boucau, Rockib Uddin, Caitlin Marino, James Regan, James P. Flynn, Manish C. Choudhary, Geoffrey Chen, Ashley M. Stuckwisch, Josh Mathews, May Y. Liew, Arshdeep Singh, Zahra Reynolds, Surabhi L. Iyer, Grace C. Chamberlin, Tammy D. Vyas, Jatin M. Vyas, Sarah E. Turbett, Jonathan Z. Li, Jacob E. Lemieux, Amy K. Barczak, Mark J. Siedner
Summary: We enrolled 7 individuals who experienced recurrent symptoms or antigen test conversion after treatment with nirmatrelvir-ritonavir. High viral loads were detected after rebound, lasting a median of 17 days after initial diagnosis. Three individuals had culturable virus for up to 16 days after initial diagnosis. No known resistance-associated mutations were found.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Oghenekome Gbinigie, Emma Ogburn, Julie Allen, Jienchi Dorward, Melissa Dobson, Tracie-Ann Madden, Ly-Mee Yu, David M. Lowe, Najib Rahman, Stavros Petrou, Duncan Richards, Kerenza Hood, Mahendra Patel, Benjamin R. Saville, Joe Marion, Jane Holmes, May Ee Png, Gail Hayward, Mark Lown, Victoria Harris, Bhautesh Jani, Nigel Hart, Saye Khoo, Heather Rutter, Jem Chalk, Joseph F. Standing, Judith Breuer, Layla Lavallee, Elizabeth Hadley, Lucy Cureton, Magdalena Benysek, Monique Andersson, Nick Francis, Nicholas P. B. Thomas, Philip Evans, Oliver van Hecke, Mona Koshkouei, Maria Coates, Sarah Barrett, Clare Bateman, Jennifer Davies, Ivy Raymundo-Wood, Andrew Ustianowski, Jonathan Nguyen-Van-Tam, Andrew Carson-Stevens, Richard Hobbs, Paul Little, Christopher C. Butler
Summary: This study is a clinical trial that aims to evaluate the safety, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of novel antiviral treatments for COVID-19 in vaccinated patients at increased risk in the community. It is an open-label, prospective, adaptive, multiarm platform trial that allows for the addition of new treatments and the evaluation of existing interventions. The study also includes a prospective economic evaluation.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Evan Rogers, William F. Balistreri
Summary: Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant global public health burden, with over 400000 deaths attributed to HCV in 2015. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set the ambitious goal of eliminating HCV by 2030, but the issue of HCV infection in children and adolescents remains significant. In the United States, HCV infection rates in women of childbearing age and pregnant women have increased alongside the opioid epidemic, highlighting the need to focus on the younger population under 18 years old.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shun Kaneko, Masayuki Kurosaki, Akemi Kurisu, Tomoyuki Akita, Junko Tanaka, Tatsuya Kanto
Summary: This study used the Markov model to analyze disease progression and non-invasive liver fibrosis index in patients with hepatitis C, and the results showed that antiviral therapy significantly suppressed liver fibrosis, disease progression, and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Virology
Ana Carolina Cardoso, Claudio Figueiredo-Mendes, Cristiane A. Villela-Nogueira, Patrick Marcellin
Summary: Staging liver fibrosis has always been a challenge in viral hepatitis and other liver diseases. Non-invasive tests have been developed to overcome the limitations of liver biopsy. This review discusses the use of serological and physical markers for liver fibrosis staging in chronic hepatitis B and C. Furthermore, it addresses the issue of evaluating liver fibrosis after HCV cure.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
A. McLeod, S. J. Hutchinson, A. Weir, S. Barclay, J. Schofield, C. Gillespie Frew, D. J. Goldberg, M. Heydtmann, E. Wilson-Davies
Summary: With the introduction of direct-acting antiviral therapy, it is now possible to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) as a public health concern. This study examined HCV infection among individuals undergoing liver function tests in primary care, highlighting the importance of diagnosing and engaging patients with HCV infection.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Christina L. Hutson, Ashley V. Kondas, Mathew R. Mauldin, Jeffrey B. Doty, Irma M. Grossi, Clint N. Morgan, Sharon Dietz Ostergaard, Christine M. Hughes, Yoshinori Nakazawa, Chantal Kling, Brock E. Martin, James A. Ellison, Darin D. Carroll, Nadia F. Gallardo-Romero, Victoria A. Olson
Summary: This study focuses on the need for therapeutics to combat VARV bioterrorist threats and evaluates the efficacy of the smallpox drug brincidofovir in the MPXV prairie dog model. Results show that the timing of treatment initiation has a significant impact on the drug's effectiveness under different dosing regimens.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Po-Yao Hsu, Yu-Ju Wei, Po-Cheng Liang, Jia-Jung Lee, Sheng-Wen Niu, Jiun-Chi Huang, Cheng-Ting Hsu, Tyng-Yuan Jang, Ching- Huang, Yi-Hung Lin, Ming-Yen Hsieh, Meng-Hsuan Hsieh, Szu-Chia Chen, Chia-Yen Dai, Zu-Yau Lin, Shinn-Cherng Chen, Jee-Fu Huang, Jer-Ming Chang, Ming-Lun Yeh, Chung-Feng Huang, Yi-Wen Chiu, Shang-Jyh Hwang, Wan-Long Chuang, Ming-Lung Yu
Summary: Hemodialysis patients are at increased risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This study found that hemodialysis patients with HCV exhibited a higher burden of comorbidities, especially in ischemic heart diseases, respiratory disorders, and mental/behavioral disorders, compared to patients with HBV and those without viral hepatitis.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yang Li, Shengxia Yin, Rahma Issa, Xin Tong, Guiyang Wang, Juan Xia, Rui Huang, Guangmei Chen, Dan Weng, Chen Chen, Chao Wu, Yuxin Chen
Summary: B cell-mediated humoral immunity is crucial in viral infections, including chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The reduced immune functional capacity of B cells is associated with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) progression, and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells may also play a role in anti-HBV-specific antibody production. Understanding dysregulated B cells and Tfh cells could lead to novel treatment strategies for CHB patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bernhard Schlevogt, Klaus H. W. Boeker, Stefan Mauss, Hartwig Klinker, Renate Heyne, Ralph Link, Karl-Georg Simon, Christoph Sarrazin, Yvonne Serfert, Michael P. Manns, Heiner Wedemeyer
Summary: The study indicates that patients receiving interferon-free antiviral treatment for chronic hepatitis C experience significant weight gain during long-term follow-up, with non-obese patients being more vulnerable to weight gain. A body mass index (BMI) < 30 was the only consistent predictor for weight gain, suggesting that non-obese individuals are more likely to gain weight after DAA treatment.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ana Barreira Diaz, Ariadna Rando, Anna Feliu-Prius, Adriana Palom, Francisco Rodriguez-Frias, Elena Vargas-Accarino, Judit Vico-Romero, Nieves Palomo, Mar Riveiro-Barciela, Rafael Esteban, Maria Buti
Summary: The project aims to evaluate the performance of a programme designed to achieve appropriate linkage to specialist care of HBsAg-positive individuals.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hye Won Lee, Hankil Lee, Beom Kyung Kim, Young Chang, Jae Young Jang, Do Young Kim
Summary: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the second leading cause of chronic liver disease in South Korea, with a prevalence ranging from 0.6% to 0.8%, and the incidence increases with age. The underdiagnosis of HCV is a major barrier to elimination, and universal screening for HCV in adults has been suggested to improve detection. Recent studies have shown that universal screening and treatment using direct-acting antivirals are cost-effective approaches for prevention and treatment of HCV infection.
CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR HEPATOLOGY
(2022)