Article
Geography, Physical
Mohammad J. Razmjooei, Jorijntje Henderiks, Helen K. Coxall, Karl-Heinz Baumann, Flor Vermassen, Martin Jakobsson, Frank Niessen, Matt O'Regan
Summary: Despite extensive studies, the relationship between the age and sub-seafloor depth of Arctic Ocean sediments is still ambiguous. High-resolution biostratigraphic analysis of late Quaternary sediments in the central Arctic Ocean reveals a radically different geochronological framework, which helps reconcile different dating approaches and brings us one step closer to accurate paleoceanographic reconstructions.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jennifer K. Adams, Bethany Y. Dean, Samantha N. Athey, Liisa M. Jantunen, Sarah Bernstein, Gary Stern, Miriam L. Diamond, Sarah A. Finkelstein
Summary: This study conducted the first Canadian Arctic-wide investigation of anthropogenic particles in marine sediments, revealing that microfibers and microplastics, with a significant portion being anthropogenic cellulose fibers, are the main components. Concentrations of these particles in Canadian Arctic sediments exceeded those in urban areas near point sources of plastic pollution.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Manuel Ruben, Jens Hefter, Florence Schubotz, Walter Geibert, Martin Butzin, Torben Gentz, Hendrik Grotheer, Matthias Forwick, Witold Szczucinski, Gesine Mollenhauer
Summary: Traditionally, rock-derived or petrogenic organic carbon has been considered non-bioavailable and not actively involved in the carbon cycle. However, recent studies suggest that this carbon may not be as inert as previously thought, especially in fjord systems with high influxes of petrogenic organic carbon, which could contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. The extent to which microorganisms utilize this organic carbon is not well understood, but it plays a significant role in the global carbon cycling. Radiocarbon analysis of intact polar lipid-fatty acids in marine sediments from Hornsund Fjord, Svalbard, revealed that bacterial communities in the area utilize 5 +/- 2% to 55 +/- 6% (average of 25 +/- 16%) of petrogenic organic carbon for biosynthesis after sediment redeposition. This suggests that the lack of recently synthesized organic carbon from primary production forces microorganisms to rely on petrogenic organic carbon as an alternative energy source, highlighting its importance in carbon cycling.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Manuel Ruben, Jens Hefter, Florence Schubotz, Walter Geibert, Martin Butzin, Torben Gentz, Hendrik Grotheer, Matthias Forwick, Witold Szczucinski, Gesine Mollenhauer
Summary: Despite being considered as having limited bioavailability, ancient rock-derived organic matter in Arctic fjord sediments is consumed by micro-organisms, potentially leading to greenhouse gas emissions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
B. Rogalla, S. E. Allen, M. Colombo, P. G. Myers, K. J. Orians
Summary: Biogeochemical cycles in the Arctic Ocean are sensitive to the transport of materials from continental shelves into central basins by sea ice. Manganese (Mn) is an important micronutrient and tracer, and sea ice is the main source of Mn in the Canada Basin while rivers contribute less. The vulnerability of biogeochemical supply mechanisms in the Arctic Ocean and subpolar seas to climate change is highlighted.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Rong Wang, Leonid Polyak, Weiyan Zhang, Xiaoguo Yu, Liming Ye, Linsen Dong, Yanguang Liu, Weiguo Wang, Bernhard Diekmann
Summary: Sediment cores from the Northwind Ridge north of the Arctic Chukchi-Alaskan margin were analyzed to study the sedimentary environments of Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 1-11 on millennial time scales. The study characterized contrasting glacial-interglacial conditions and provenance using clay-mineral and geochemical proxies, providing insights into the paleocirculation and glaciations in the western Arctic Ocean.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Jens Gruetzner, Jens Matthiessen, Wolfram H. Geissler, A. Catalina Gebhardt, Michael Schreck
Summary: This study presents a new age model for investigating the late opening phase of the central Fram Strait and the early history of oceanic circulation in the Atlantic-Arctic Gateway (AAG). The revised stratigraphy suggests that ice rafting events in the Fram Strait occurred around 10.8 million years ago, later than previously estimated. The study also reveals that sediment transport in the late Tortonian period was controlled by the western branch of the West Spitsbergen Current. Furthermore, the seismic reflectors in the late Pliocene to Pleistocene correlate with episodes of ice sheet growth in the Northern Hemisphere.
GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yujun Liu, Yijun He
Summary: In recent years, the process of Atlantification in the warming Arctic Ocean has received increasing attention. This study focused on the Arctic Atlantic inflow zone (AAZ) and used reanalysis data and in-situ float data to investigate the impact of Arctic strong cyclones (ASCs) on the upper ocean. The findings show that ASCs disrupt the cold halocline layer, facilitate the transport of heat from the deep Atlantic Water, and intensify the intrusion of the Barents Sea Branch, thereby enhancing the process of Atlantification in the Arctic Ocean.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
F. S. Freitas, S. Arndt, K. R. Hendry, J. C. Faust, A. C. Tessin, C. Marz
Summary: Carbonate chemistry of the Arctic Ocean seafloor and its vulnerability to ocean acidification remain poorly understood. This study employs an integrated data-model assessment to investigate benthic pH and carbonate chemistry in the Barents Sea, revealing the main drivers of carbonate dynamics and estimating benthic fluxes of dissolved inorganic carbon and alkalinity. The findings highlight the importance of organic matter degradation and bottom water conditions in shaping sedimentary carbonate chemistry and have significant implications for predicting carbon burial and pH buffering in the Arctic Ocean in the future.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jie Fu, Kehan Fu, Boyuan Hu, Wei Zhou, Yilin Fu, Luyao Gu, Qinghua Zhang, Aiqian Zhang, Jianjie Fu, Guibin Jiang
Summary: This study investigated the sources and environmental behavior of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in the Arctic, specifically in proglacial and ocean sediments. The results showed lower concentrations of OPEs in proglacial sediments compared to ocean sediments, indicating different sources and influences. Proglacial sediments were predominantly affected by long-range atmospheric transport (LRAT), while ocean sediments were influenced by LRAT, oceanic transport, and human activities.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Evgeny Yakovlev, Andrey Puchkov, Vladimir Bykov
Summary: The study reveals that the radioactivity in bottom sediments and surface water of the Pechora River delta is mainly from natural radionuclides, with low levels of artificial radioactivity. The radiation hazard parameters in the Pechora River delta are below the world average levels and do not pose significant risks to the health of local residents.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Fenlian Wang, Gaowen He, Xiguang Deng, Yong Yang, Jiangbo Ren
Summary: Rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) are considered strategic materials for advanced technological applications. Deep-sea sediments from the eastern South Pacific and central North Pacific are potential resources with significant REY contents, mainly concentrated around seamounts. The factors controlling the formation of REY-rich sediments remain controversial, with age controls generally absent due to the lack of biostratigraphic constraints.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Review
Oceanography
Jeffrey S. Grabon, John M. Toole, An T. Nguyen, Richard A. Krishfield
Summary: The study analyzed the properties and circulation changes of the Atlantic Water (AW) Layer in the Arctic Subpolar gyre for the period 2004-2017. A surge of AW was observed two years into the state estimate, leading to alterations in circulation patterns. The analysis also revealed a new quasi-steady AW circulation from 2010 onwards.
PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Evgeny Yakovlev, Andrey Puchkov, Alexey Malkov, Daria Bedrina
Summary: This article focuses on the content of heavy metals in the bottom sediments of the estuary of the Pechora River. The study found that the concentrations of heavy metals in the sediments are low, indicating a low level of environmental risk.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dahae Kim, Jung-Hyun Kim, Youngkyu Ahn, Kwangchul Jang, Ji Young Jung, Minji Bae, Seung-Il Nam
Summary: Svalbard fjords are recognized as hotspots for organic carbon (OC) burial and storage due to their high sedimentation rates. This study investigated sediment samples from Svalbard fjords and found significant contributions of petrogenic and aged soil-derived OC.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Martin Jakobsson, Larry A. Mayer
Summary: The interaction between the ocean, cryosphere, and seafloor is vital for understanding processes such as deep ocean mixing, glacier dynamics, and sea-level rise. However, there is a critical knowledge gap in accurately mapping the seafloor in Polar regions, which needs to be addressed to improve predictions and understanding of these processes.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Gabriel West, Andreas Nilsson, Alexis Geels, Martin Jakobsson, Matthias Moros, Francesco Muschitiello, Christof Pearce, Ian Snowball, Matt O'Regan
Summary: This study investigates the behavior of the geomagnetic field in polar regions during the late Holocene period. By analyzing well-dated sediment cores from the Chukchi Sea, Arctic Ocean, the authors provide valuable insights into the changes in the geomagnetic field in the Arctic over the past few thousand years.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
E. Chuvilin, B. Bukhanov, A. Yurchenko, D. Davletshina, N. Shakhova, E. Spivak, V Rusakov, O. Dudarev, N. Khaustova, A. Tikhonova, O. Gustafsson, T. Tesi, J. Martens, M. Jakobsson, M. Spasennykh, I Semiletov
Summary: This article mainly introduces the degradation of subsea permafrost in the Arctic shelf and its impact on methane release, discusses new knowledge about the release of CH4 from the East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS), and points out that there are still knowledge gaps in many aspects of the ESAS that need further research.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Anne Jennings, Brendan Reilly, John Andrews, Kelly Hogan, Maureen Walczak, Martin Jakobsson, Joseph Stoner, Alan Mix, Keith W. Nicholls, Matt O'Regan, Maarten A. Prins, Simon R. Troelstra
Summary: Based on sediment cores and geophysical data, this study presents the characteristics of sub and pro ice shelf environments in NW Greenland. The research reconstructs the glacial and oceanographic history over the last 11,000 years and uses the modern ice shelf sediment facies to infer the past presence of ice shelves in northern Nares Strait.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Henning Akesson, Mathieu Morlighem, Johan Nilsson, Christian Stranne, Martin Jakobsson
Summary: This study suggests that the Petermann Ice Shelf in northwest Greenland is unlikely to recover once a future breakup occurs. Even if the ocean cools, ice discharge from the glacier may still increase. This implies that continued ocean warming could lead to high discharge from polar ice sheets.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Paleontology
T. M. Cronin, B. M. Olds, A. M. Regnier, M. O'Regan, L. Gemery, H. Detlef, C. Pearce, M. Jakobsson
Summary: By analyzing sediment properties and micropaleontology, we reconstructed Holocene paleoceanography of the Sherard Osborn Fjord and Lincoln Sea in the eastern Arctic region. The study found that there was a strong but temporally varying influence of Atlantic Water (AW) throughout the entire 10.5 kyr record of the Lincoln Sea and SOF.
MARINE MICROPALEONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Boris Dorschel, Laura Hehemann, Sacha Viquerat, Fynn Warnke, Simon Dreutter, Yvonne Schulze Tenberge, Daniela Accettella, Lu An, Felipe Barrios, Evgenia Bazhenova, Jenny Black, Fernando Bohoyo, Craig Davey, Laura De Santis, Carlota Escutia Dotti, Alice C. Fremand, Peter T. Fretwell, Jenny A. Gales, Jinyao Gao, Luca Gasperini, Jamin S. Greenbaum, Jennifer Henderson Jencks, Kelly Hogan, Jong Kuk Hong, Martin Jakobsson, Laura Jensen, Johnathan Kool, Sergei Larin, Robert D. Larter, German Leitchenkov, Benoit Loubrieu, Kevin Mackay, Larry Mayer, Romain Millan, Mathieu Morlighem, Francisco Navidad, Frank O. Nitsche, Yoshifumi Nogi, Cecile Pertuisot, Alexandra L. Post, Hamish D. Pritchard, Autun Purser, Michele Rebesco, Eric Rignot, Jason L. Roberts, Marzia Rovere, Ivan Ryzhov, Chiara Sauli, Thierry Schmitt, Alessandro Silvano, Jodie Smith, Helen Snaith, Alex J. Tate, Kirsty Tinto, Philippe Vandenbossche, Pauline Weatherall, Paul Wintersteller, Chunguo Yang, Tao Zhang, Jan Erik Arndt
Summary: The Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica is of great significance for global climate and oceanic processes, with high biological productivity and biodiversity. The collaboration between the IBCSO Project and the Nippon Foundation - GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project has led to the development of the comprehensive IBCSO v2, which serves as the most authoritative seafloor map of the area south of 50 degrees S.
Article
Geography, Physical
Per Moller, Svante Bjorck, Thomas P. F. Dowling, Dan Hammarlund, Martin Jakobsson, Karl Ljung, Martin Lund, Savvas Paradeisis-Stathis
Summary: The Siljan region in Europe hosts the largest impact structure, and a study on its deglaciation history reveals the details of ice sheet retreat and the formation process of changes in the ancient lake's water level.
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Anna Glueder, Alan C. Mix, Glenn A. Milne, Brendan T. Reilly, Jorie Clark, Martin Jakobsson, Larry Mayer, Stewart J. Fallon, John Southon, June Padman, Andrew Ross, Thomas Cronin, Jennifer L. McKay
Summary: This study reveals past regional ice-mass changes near Petermann Glacier in NW Greenland through relative sea level data obtained from marine bivalves. The research found that there was ice loss at Petermann Glacier at or before 9,000 years ago, followed by further mass loss around 6,000 years ago. The study speculates that regional ice caps regrew during the mid-Holocene in response to cooling and increased precipitation.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sergey Nikiforov, Roman Ananiev, Martin Jakobsson, Evgeny Moroz, Sergey Sokolov, Nikolay Sorokhtin, Nikolay Dmitrevsky, Elena Sukhikh, Igor Chickiryov, Yulia Zarayskaya, Anatoly Razumovskiy, Igor Semiletov
Summary: Based on data acquired during cruises of the RV Akademik Nikolaj Strakhov in 2018-2021, the distribution of submarine glacial landforms in the central part of the Pechora shelf area is revealed. The extent of the ice sheet during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) is proposed based on moraines and the distribution of glacial lineations. The mapped glacial landforms indicate the presence of an ice sheet in the area, while the Pechora basin was characterized by a cryogenic subaerial landscape.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Henrieka Detlef, Matt O'Regan, Christian Stranne, Mads Mork Jensen, Marianne Glasius, Thomas M. M. Cronin, Martin Jakobsson, Christof Pearce
Summary: According to climate models, the Lincoln Sea will be the last refuge of perennial Arctic sea-ice in a warming climate, but recent observations show concerns about its long-term stability. A study using marine proxy evidence reveals that perennial sea-ice disappeared in the southern Lincoln Sea during the Early Holocene, suggesting a widespread shift to seasonal sea-ice in the Arctic Ocean. The findings indicate that even if global temperature rise is limited to 2 degrees C compared to pre-industrial levels, the southern Lincoln Sea is likely to transition to seasonal sea-ice due to anthropogenic warming.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. Muchowski, L. Arneborg, L. Umlauf, P. Holtermann, E. Eisbrenner, C. Humborg, M. Jakobsson, C. Stranne
Summary: Diapycnal mixing affects the vertical transport rates of salt, heat, and other dissolved substances, which are crucial for the overturning circulation and ecosystem functioning in marine systems. This study investigates the overall impact of non-tidal flow over multiple small-scale bathymetric features on a strongly-stratified density interface in a coastal region. The findings highlight the importance of rough small-scale bathymetric features for the vertical transport of salt in coastal areas.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Johan Nilsson, Eef van Dongen, Martin Jakobsson, Matt O'Regan, Christian Stranne
Summary: Using a conceptual model, this study investigates the impact of hydraulically controlled exchange flows in silled fjords on the relationship between glacier melt and the features of warm intermediate Atlantic Water (AW) outside the fjords. It is found that changes in the AW interface height, temperature, and glacially modified water production can force an exchange flow into the hydraulic regime. In this regime, heat transport across the sill becomes a limiting factor for basal melt and reduces its sensitivity to changes in AW temperature. The model results are compared with observations from glaciers in northern Greenland.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Christian Stranne, Matt O'Regan, Wei-Li Hong, Volker Bruchert, Marcelo Ketzer, Brett F. Thornton, Martin Jakobsson
Summary: Continental margin sediments contain large amounts of methane stored as gas hydrate. Ocean warming may release substantial amounts of methane, and the process of anaerobic oxidation of methane is often neglected in current projections. A study using a coupled model suggests that for high seafloor warming rates, the efficiency of anaerobic oxidation of methane is low, and it has a minimal mitigating effect on seafloor methane emissions.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jaclyn Clement Kinney, Karen M. Assmann, Wieslaw Maslowski, Goran Bjork, Martin Jakobsson, Sara Jutterstrom, Younjoo J. Lee, Robert Osinski, Igor Semiletov, Adam Ulfsbo, Irene Wahlstrom, Leif G. Anderson
Summary: Substantial amounts of nutrients and carbon enter the Arctic Ocean from the Pacific Ocean through the Bering Strait, distributed over three main pathways. The circulation and transport of water masses in the Chukchi Sea and Herald Canyon have significant impacts on nutrient concentrations. Numerical modelling and data analysis are used to study the flow patterns and nutrient fluxes in this region. The findings highlight the importance of long-term monitoring to understand the temporal variability and potential trends.