Article
Neurosciences
George Zacharopoulos, Francesco Sella, Kathrin Cohen Kadosh, Uzay Emir, Roi Cohen Kadosh
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between test anxiety and the glutamate/GABA balance using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results showed that the glutamate/GABA balance is associated with current test anxiety levels and can predict future test anxiety. This relationship was observed during early childhood but not during later developmental stages.
Article
Cell Biology
Anna Kamynina, Noemi Esteras, Dmitry O. Koroev, Plamena R. Angelova, Olga M. Volpina, Andrey Y. Abramov
Summary: The experiment demonstrates that the cell-impermeable RAGE fragment can activate RAGE receptors on neurons and astrocytes, leading to glutamate release and calcium signaling. This reveals a specific mechanism of RAGE activation.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Dongting Tian, Shin-Ichi Izumi
Summary: Understanding cortical circuits is crucial in neuroscience and neurorehabilitation. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) allows non-invasive probing of neuronal activity. This review integrates evidence from neurocytology and neurophysiology to elucidate the relationship between microscopic neuronal landscape and macroscopic TMS outcome. A preliminary neuronal model of the human motor cortex is proposed, linking TMS mechanisms with neuronal activity.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Xin-lu Cai, Cheng-cheng Pu, Shu-zhe Zhou, Yi Wang, Jia Huang, Simon S. Y. Lui, Arne Moller, Eric F. C. Cheung, Kristoffer H. Madsen, Rong Xue, Xin Yu, Raymond C. K. Chan
Summary: This study found that schizophrenia patients have sensory integration deficits which are positively correlated with anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) glutamate levels. Multimodal analysis showed that in a specific network, blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) activation and task-dependent functional connectivity (FC) have opposite correlations between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Abdel-Rahman Al-Absi, Per Qvist, Simon Glerup, Connie Sanchez, Jens R. Nyengaard
Summary: The 15q13.3 deletion is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, and a mouse model has been generated to study this syndrome. The study on the Df(h15q13)/+ mouse model revealed molecular and structural alterations in the medial prefrontal cortex, including decrease in glial cells, deficit of inhibitory markers, and reduced dendritic arborization. These nonneuronal circuit alterations may contribute to the phenotypes seen in the 15q13.3 deletion syndrome.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Haidong Li, Xiuchao Zhao, Yujin Wang, Xin Lou, Shizhen Chen, He Deng, Lei Shi, Junshuai Xie, Dazhong Tang, Jianping Zhao, Louis-S Bouchard, Liming Xia, Xin Zhou
Summary: The recovery process of COVID-19 patients remains unclear, with some experiencing ongoing respiratory issues. Xe-129 MRI analysis reveals higher ventilation defects and longer gas-blood exchange time in COVID-19 patients, indicating lung function impairment during recovery.
Article
Neuroimaging
Ksenija Marinkovic, Austin B. Alderson Myers, Donatello Arienzo, Martin I. Sereno, Graeme F. Mason
Summary: Binge drinking refers to a pattern of alcohol intake that raises blood alcohol concentration to or above legal intoxication levels. It is common among young adults and is associated with health risks that scale up with alcohol intake. The brain compensates for the acute depressant effects of alcohol under habitual heavy use, but human evidence on the compensatory reduction in GABA signaling is scant.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2022)
Review
Oncology
David O. Kamson, Viveka Chinnasamy, Stuart A. Grossman, Chetan Bettegowda, Peter B. Barker, Peter W. Stacpoole, Georg Oeltzschner
Summary: The adverse effects of lactic acidosis in the cancer microenvironment have been recognized. Dichloroacetate (DCA) is a drug that has been studied to reduce lactate production. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive technique that allows detection of metabolic changes. This review gathered evidence on the use of MRS techniques to track metabolic changes after DCA administration in neurologic and oncologic disorders.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
SeulAh Kim, Michael L. Wallace, Mahmoud El-Rifai, Alexa R. Knudsen, Bernardo L. Sabatini
Summary: This study describes a method to analyze the mechanism of glutamate/GABA co-release in the mouse brain. The results show that glutamate and GABA are co-packaged into the same synaptic vesicles, and presynaptic neuromodulators can reduce vesicular release probability without affecting the co-packaging of glutamate/GABA.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ainitze Biteri-Uribarren, Pol Alsina-Bolivar, Carlos Munuera-Javaloy, Ricardo Puebla, Jorge Casanova
Summary: This study tackles the detection of individual molecules by combining a hybrid sensor-a nitrogen vacancy center (NV) and a dangling bond on the diamond surface-with a multi-tone dynamical decoupling sequence. Via numerical simulations, the authors prove that the sequence minimizes the impact of decoherence, which allows using the dangling-bond as a signal amplifier.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiao Zhang, Yao Liu, Xiaoqi Hong, Xia Li, Charles K. Meshul, Cynthia Moore, Yabing Yang, Yanfei Han, Wei-Guang Li, Xin Qi, Huifang Lou, Shumin Duan, Tian-Le Xu, Xiaoping Tong
Summary: NG2 glia can sense synaptic inputs from neurons, forming functional GABAergic synapses with adjacent hippocampal interneurons. Activation of NG2 glia induces anxiety-like behavior in a mouse model of chronic social defeat stress.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
David J. Bond, Leonardo E. Silveira, Ivan J. Torres, Raymond W. Lam, Lakshmi N. Yatham
Summary: Clinically significant weight gain (CSWG) is a risk factor for decreasing hippocampal N-acetylaspartate in both bipolar disorder patients and healthy subjects. These results suggest that reduced N-acetylaspartate levels in bipolar disorder may be related to higher body mass index rather than the diagnosis itself.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
K. S. Cujia, K. Herb, J. Zopes, J. M. Abendroth, C. L. Degen
Summary: The study extends nuclear magnetic resonance imaging to large nuclear spin clusters by combining weak quantum measurements, phase encoding, and simulated annealing. This method allows for the simultaneous detection of three-dimensional positions from multiple nuclei, with spatial selectivity and successful imaging of clusters containing multiple nuclear spins at room temperature.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ismael Gonzalez-Garcia, Cristina Garcia-Caceres
Summary: Astrocytes are functionally integrated into neuronal regulatory circuits for metabolic control, particularly in the hypothalamus, where early cellular rearrangements may play a key role in the pathogenesis of obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Wentian Zheng, Ke Bian, Xiakun Chen, Yang Shen, Shichen Zhang, Rainer Stohr, Andrej Denisenko, Jorg Wrachtrup, Sen Yang, Ying Jiang
Summary: An efficient method was developed to engineer the electrostatic environment of near-surface nitrogen vacancy center qubits, increasing their coherence and sensitivity.
Article
Neurosciences
Marija Adzic Bukvic, Danijela Laketa, Milorad Dragic, Irena Lavrnja, Nadezda Nedeljkovic
Summary: In neuroinflammatory states, functionally distinct eN/CD73 glycovariants appear, which may play a role in the development of the reactive astrocyte phenotype.
Correction
Neurosciences
L. Feng, H. Lo, Z. Hong, J. Zheng, Y. Yan, Z. Ye, X. Chen, X. Pan