Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Piero Poli, Nikolai M. Shapiro
Summary: Most volcanic activity occurs in remote areas, making our monitoring capacity limited. This study presents a method based on seismic analysis to rapidly identify and estimate key parameters of large volcanic eruptions. The analysis of the Hunga Tonga Ha'apai eruption indicates that it is among the largest recorded volcanic activity and provides new insights into the physics of large eruptions.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Olivia R. Hogg, Marie Edmonds, Jon Blundy
Summary: Magmatic-hydrothermal fluids play a role in transporting chalcophile metals to the atmosphere and the formation of ore deposits. Variability in the composition of metals outgassed by volcanoes is observed, but the factors controlling this variability are unclear. Our models show that while chlorine concentrations are important for metal partitioning, magmatic water contents have the greatest potential to control the mass yield of metals carried by exsolving fluids. We demonstrate that water-rich magmatic-volcanic systems deliver larger mass fluxes of metals to the atmosphere compared to relatively dry systems.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Muhammad Waqar, Moez Louati, Mohamed S. Ghidaoui
Summary: In this paper, a time-reversal technique is proposed for the detection of discrete defects in fluid-filled pipelines using transient waves. The technique is based on the one-dimensional wave equation and separates the search for defect location from defect size estimation. The method is tested through simulations and laboratory experiments, showing accurate results in terms of defect localization, classification, and size estimation even at low signal-to-noise ratios.
Article
Mechanics
Sanjay Kumar Mohanty
Summary: This manuscript analyzes the time-dependent capillary gravity wave motion in the presence of a current and an undulated permeable bottom. The reflection and transmission coefficients due to the small bottom undulation are obtained using different methods. It is found that wave energy propagates faster for larger values of the Froude number. The study also verifies wave energy propagation characteristics through simulations and spectral methods.
Article
Mechanics
Matthew Durey, Paul A. Milewski
Summary: We conducted a theoretical investigation into resonant triads of nonlinear free-surface gravity waves confined to a cylinder of finite depth. By horizontal confinement of the fluid, we found that resonant triads can occur at specific fluid depths. We identified necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of resonant triads and showed that the critical depth is unique. Our results have implications for resonant water waves in man-made and natural basins.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Filip Novkoski, Chi-Tuong Pham, Eric Falcon
Summary: We observe the nonlinear three-wave resonant interactions between the gravity-capillary and sloshing modes of hydrodynamic waves. A triadic resonance instability is observed, with exponential growth and phase locking. The efficiency of the interaction is highest when the gravity-capillary phase velocity matches the group velocity of the sloshing mode. Additional waves are generated through a cascade of three-wave interactions for stronger forcing, filling the wave spectrum. This mechanism may have relevance in systems involving multiple propagation modes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jamie Farquharson, Hugh Tuffen, Fabian B. Wadsworth, Jonathan M. Castro, Holly Unwin, C. Ian Schipper
Summary: Emissions of ash in explosive silicic eruptions can have significant impacts on human health, agriculture, infrastructure, and aviation. This study presents evidence from the Cordon Caulle volcano in Chile, showing that fine and ultra-fine ash particles are captured and stored in the shallow subsurface instead of being emitted. The authors propose a new model of in-vent ash migration and sticking, which decouples eruptive processes from the products emitted.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
I. A. Yeo, I. M. McIntosh, S. E. Bryan, K. Tani, M. Dunbabin, D. Metz, P. C. Collins, K. Stone, M. S. Manu
Summary: Late'iki is a highly active volcano in the Tofua arc, with multiple eruptions in the past few decades. The most recent eruption in 2019 led to the formation of a temporary island, which was quickly eroded by waves. New observations show that the volcano summit is mainly composed of lava, with a thin layer of fragmented lava residue, possibly from hot rock-water interactions during the eruption.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Wooyoung Choi, Malik Chabane, Tore Magnus A. Taklo
Summary: This study examines resonant triad interactions between surface and internal gravity waves in a two-layer system with a free surface, exploring amplitude equations under different resonance conditions and comparing numerical solutions with the amplitude equations.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Tian Geng, Hua Liu, Frederic Dias
Summary: In this study, a parallelized three-dimensional boundary element method is employed to simulate the interaction between an incoming solitary wave and a submerged horizontal plate. The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental results, showing that the model successfully captures the main features of the interaction between nonlinear waves and the plate.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yi-Hsin Tai, A. Syazwan A. Kamal, Young-Jae Park, Po-Cheng Tsai, Ya-Lun Ho, Pei-Kuen Wei, Hirofumi Daiguji, Jean-Jacques Delaunay
Summary: A tapered fiber sensor was developed to detect the presence of condensed water and frost, showing different responses to liquid water and frost by selectively scattering light and altering transmission intensity.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zhaoyang Wang, Farhad Rachidi, Mario Paolone, Marcos Rubinstein, Reza Razzaghi
Summary: This article demonstrates the experimental realization of a closed time-reversal cavity using a network of transmission lines and proposes a method to overcome interfering effects caused by diverging waves. The system accurately reproduces temporal and spatial signal distributions along the network, allowing for time-reversed playback of system states.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
S. Draycott, P. K. Stansby, M. L. McAllister, T. Davey, L. Jordan, T. Tosdevin, M. Hann
Summary: This study assesses a time-reversal approach for accurately replicating experimentally generated irregular wave fields numerically, demonstrating its effectiveness in different laboratories and various sea states.
APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Acoustics
Valeria Sol Gomez, Ignacio Spiousas, Manuel C. Eguia
Summary: This paper presents an experimental realization of a tunable sonic crystal for achieving single-channel TR focusing amplitudes comparable to those obtained in a disordered scattering medium. The robustness analysis shows that high temporal and spatial contrasts in time-reversed pulses are preserved for configurations close to the original one.
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Geoffroy Lerosey, Mathias Fink
Summary: Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are gaining momentum in wireless communications for their ability to shape and dynamically reconfigure electromagnetic waves, leading to more efficient and greener wireless communications. This article reviews the seminal works and proposes a physicist's point of view on RISs, highlighting their limitations.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE
(2022)