Journal
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
Volume 41, Issue 23, Pages 8602-8610Publisher
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1002/2014GL061627
Keywords
ozone; climate; trends; southern hemisphere; troposphere; stratosphere
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Funding
- U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF)
- Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
- NSF
- NSF via the NCAR's Advanced Study Program's postdoctoral fellowship
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Postdoctoral Fellowship
- NASA ACMAP grant [12-ACMAP12-0010]
- Frontier of Earth System Dynamics grant from the NSF [OCE-1338814]
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Global climate models that do not include interactive middle atmosphere chemistry, such as most of those contributing to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5, typically specify stratospheric ozone using monthly mean, zonal mean values and linearly interpolate to the time resolution of the model. We show that this method leads to significant biases in the simulated climate of the southern hemisphere (SH) over the late twentieth century. Previous studies have attributed similar biases in simulated SH climate change to the effect of the spatial smoothing of the specified ozone, i.e., to using zonal mean concentrations. We here show that the bias in climate trends due to undersampling of the rapid temporal changes in ozone during the seasonal evolution of the Antarctic ozone hole is considerable and reaches all the way into the troposphere. Our results suggest that the bias can be substantially reduced by specifying daily ozone concentrations.
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