Article
Environmental Sciences
Dustin Carroll, Dimitris Menemenlis, Stephanie Dutkiewicz, Jonathan M. Lauderdale, Jess F. Adkins, Kevin W. Bowman, Holger Brix, Ian Fenty, Michelle M. Gierach, Chris Hill, Oliver Jahn, Peter Landschuetzer, Manfredi Manizza, Matt R. Mazloff, Charles E. Miller, David S. Schimel, Ariane Verdy, Daniel B. Whitt, Hong Zhang
Summary: The inventory and variability of oceanic dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) are influenced by physical, chemical, and biological processes. Understanding the spatiotemporal variability of these processes is crucial for understanding the ocean carbon sink and its future trajectory.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Felis, Gustavo Hinestrosa, Peter Koehler, Jody M. Webster
Summary: This study reveals a decrease in the C-13 isotope in fossil coral skeletons of the Great Barrier Reef between 12.8 and 11.7 thousand years ago, which coincides with a decrease in atmospheric delta(CO2)-C-13 and the Younger Dryas cold period. Carbon cycle simulations suggest that this decrease was mainly caused by isotopic fractionation during reef carbonate production and the decomposition of organic land carbon on the newly flooded platform, but the impacts on atmospheric CO2 and delta(CO2)-C-13 were marginal.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Fukai Liu, Yiyong Luo, Jian Lu, Xiuquan Wan
Summary: Under external heating forcing in the Southern Ocean, climate models predict anomalous northward atmosphere heat transport and a southward shift of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), which can be significantly reduced by active ocean dynamics. Ocean dynamics play a crucial role in dampening the ITCZ's response through a broad clockwise overturning circulation anomaly in cross-equatorial heat transfer.
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
A. Mukherjee, M. Ravichandran
Summary: In this article, the role of ocean advection and atmospheric heat fluxes in the recent decade-long decrease of sea-ice in the Arctic is investigated using a coupled ocean sea-ice model. The study finds that both factors play a significant role in the decadal changes of sea-ice concentration and sea surface temperature in the Arctic. The analysis of different sectors of the Arctic reveals that the Barents, Kara, and Laptev Sea regions experience the most significant decrease in sea-ice concentration and increase in sea surface temperature.
Article
Ecology
Thi Tuyet Trang Chau, Marion Gehlen, Frederic Chevallier
Summary: This study estimated global air-sea CO2 fluxes using an ensemble-based reconstruction method. The results showed that coastal areas and regions with sparse observations have larger uncertainties, while the open Southern Ocean, subpolar regions, Indian Ocean gyre, and upwelling systems have the highest uncertainties. The Subtropical Pacific and Subpolar Atlantic were identified as the strongest CO2 sinks in the open ocean and coastal regions, respectively.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Kyriakos Balidakis, Roman Sulzbach, Linus Shihora, Christoph Dahle, Robert Dill, Henryk Dobslaw
Summary: To mitigate temporal aliasing effects in monthly mean global gravity fields, both tidal and non-tidal background models are needed. In this study, atmospheric tides are quantified using the latest ECMWF reanalysis ERA5, while oceanic response to atmospheric tides is modeled using the general ocean circulation model MPIOM and the shallow water model TiME. The results show that TiME outperforms MPIOM and FES2014b in modeling atmospheric tides and has notable improvements in GRACE-FO laser ranging interferometer range-acceleration pre-fit residuals.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2022)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Bo Barker Jorgensen, Frank Wenzhoefer, Matthias Egger, Ronnie Nohr Glud
Summary: The seabed is crucial for the marine carbon cycle, serving as a terminal location for organic matter oxidation, a bioreactor, and a repository for reactive organic carbon. This study compiles data on marine sediment oxygen uptake to understand the constraints on organic matter mineralization rates and their relationship with environmental parameters. Results show that seabed oxygen uptake is primarily controlled by ocean depth and primary productivity. The study also discusses oxygen transport, aerobic respiration, and anaerobic processes in the seabed. A global map of seabed oxygen uptake rates was created, revealing the oxidation of 212 Tmol C yr(-1) in marine sediments. A comparison with the flux of particulate organic carbon suggests a deficit in carbon turnover in the underlying seabed.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hyeonsoo Cha, Jae-Hong Moon, Taekyun Kim, Y. Tony Song
Summary: The study reveals that global mean sea-level rise is influenced by natural climate variability, with fluctuations in ocean heat storage and hydrology contributing to changes in the rate of sea-level rise.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
X. Lan, S. Basu, S. Schwietzke, L. M. P. Bruhwiler, E. J. Dlugokencky, S. E. Michel, O. A. Sherwood, P. P. Tans, K. Thoning, G. Etiope, Q. Zhuang, L. Liu, Y. Oh, J. B. Miller, G. Petron, B. H. Vaughn, M. Crippa
Summary: The study investigated the drivers behind the global atmospheric methane increase after 2006 by simulating emission and sink scenarios in a tracer transport model. Fossil fuel emissions were unlikely to be the main driver for the post-2006 methane increase, and a decrease in hydroxyl radicals could not explain the observed increase. Different methane sinks have varying fractionation factors for delta C-13 methane, introducing uncertainty in the results.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Rachael N. C. Sanders, Daniel C. Jones, Simon A. Josey, Bablu Sinha, Gael Forget
Summary: The subpolar North Atlantic is an important part of the global ocean and climate system, with surface temperature variability influencing the climate of Europe and North America. The research found that approximately 75% of the cold anomaly in 2015 was driven by strong surface forcing, while the remaining portion was caused by horizontal advection.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sarada P. Mohanty
Summary: The Bastar Craton is a key geological formation in Peninsular India, formed during the Paleoarchean Era and experiencing multiple orogenic events. Eventually amalgamating with the Bundelkhand Craton, it preserves sedimentary and metamorphic rocks from different periods, as well as early mineralization patterns, providing important insights into the evolution of the ocean and atmospheric conditions in the early Earth.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
C. H. E. L. S. E. A. E. SNIDE, A. N. G. E. L. F. ADAMES, S. C. O. T. T. W. POWELL, V. I. C. T. O. R. C. MAYTA
Summary: This study examines the initiation of the Madden-Julian oscillation over the Indian Ocean using a moisture budget analysis, and finds that horizontal moisture advection and adiabatic lifting play crucial roles in moistening the troposphere. Results from different datasets show that adiabatic lifting is significant for MJO maintenance, but there are discrepancies in the importance of adiabatic lifting to moistening the troposphere before convection onset.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Seung-Kyu Kim, Hee-Jee Lee, Ji-Su Kim, Sung-Ho Kang, Eun-Jin Yang, Kyoung-Ho Cho, Zhexi Tian, Anthony Andrady
Summary: The study revealed that the plastic particles trapped in Arctic sea ice are comparable to those in other Arctic basins, suggesting a strong linkage between the Western Arctic Ocean and the Arctic Central Basin. Additionally, it highlighted the role of the Western Arctic Ocean ice zone as a sink for global microplastics and a potential source for Arctic microplastics.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Peiran Yang, Zhao Jing, Hong Wang, Lixin Wu, Yuhu Chen, Shenghui Zhou
Summary: Frictionally driven mesoscale eddy flow plays a significant role in the transformation of available potential energy (EAPE) to kinetic energy (EKE) in the global ocean.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Rasool Porhemmat, Heather Purdie, Peyman Zawar-Reza, Christian Zammit, Tim Kerr
Summary: The study utilized data from automatic weather stations to identify large snowfall events in the New Zealand Southern Alps from 2010 to 2018, finding that these events are associated with strong water vapor transport and deepening low pressure systems, with most being triggered by atmospheric rivers, characterized by increases in low- and midlevel moisture at 700-850 hPa and enhanced meridional winds at 750-850 hPa.
JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
(2021)
Correction
Engineering, Environmental
Katelyn O'Dell, Rebecca S. Hornbrook, Wade Permar, Ezra J. T. Levin, Lauren A. Garofalo, Eric C. Apel, Nicola J. Blake, Alex Jarnot, Matson A. Pothier, Delphine K. Farmer, Lu Hu, Teresa Campos, Bonne Ford, Jeffrey R. Pierce, Emily V. Fischer
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ilana B. Pollack, Megan E. McCabe, Dana R. Caulton, Emily Fischer
Summary: Quantifying the enhancement ratios of ammonia (NH3) to methane (CH4) from agricultural sources is crucial for understanding air pollution and nitrogen deposition. A study conducted in northeastern Colorado Front Range reveals that concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) in the region emit significant amounts of NH3 and CH4, which is further complicated by the presence of oil and natural gas extraction activities. Utilizing measurements from a research aircraft, the study demonstrates that NH3 and ethane (C2H6) can be used together to distinguish between near-source enhancements of CH4 from agriculture and oil and gas activities.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Emily Lill, Jakob Lindaas, Julieta F. Juncosa Calahorrano, Teresa Campos, Frank Flocke, Eric C. Apel, Rebecca S. Hornbrook, Alan Hills, Alex Jarnot, Nicola Blake, Wade Permar, Lu Hu, Andrew Weinheimer, Geoff Tyndall, Denise D. E. Montzka, Samuel R. Hall, Kirk Ullmann, Joel Thornton, Brett B. Palm, Qiaoyun Peng, Ilana Pollack, Emily Fischer
Summary: Wildfire smoke in the western U.S. during summer 2018 significantly impacted atmospheric composition and photochemistry, becoming an increasingly important source of air pollution for the region. The WE-CAN project deployed a research aircraft to sample smoke-impacted gas-phase species, showing elevated levels of hazardous air pollutants comparable to many major U.S. urban areas.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Natalie Kille, Kyle J. Zarzana, Johana Romero Alvarez, Christopher F. Lee, Jake P. Rowe, Benjamin Howard, Teresa Campos, Alan Hills, Rebecca S. Hornbrook, Ivan Ortega, Wade Permar, I. Ting Ku, Jakob Lindaas, Ilana B. Pollack, Amy P. Sullivan, Yong Zhou, Carley D. Fredrickson, Brett B. Palm, Qiaoyun Peng, Eric C. Apel, Lu Hu, Jeffrey L. Jr Jr Collett, Emily Fischer, Frank Flocke, James W. Hannigan, Joel Thornton, Rainer Volkamer
Summary: The article discusses the importance of biomass burning on air quality and climate and introduces the CU AirSOF instrument for measuring emission mass fluxes from wildfires. The study validates the instrument by comparing its measurements with ground-based and airborne data, demonstrating its reliability and effectiveness.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bonni L. Beaupied, Heather Martinez, Sheena Martenies, Craig S. McConnel, Ilana B. Pollack, Dylan Giardina, Emily Fischer, Shantanu Jathar, Colleen G. Duncan, Sheryl Magzamen
Summary: This study investigates the impact of temperature, humidity, and air pollution on the health and milk production of dairy cows, and finds that PM2.5 may confound the relationship between the temperature humidity index and milk yield and somatic cell count.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Janica N. D. Gordon, Kelsey R. R. Bilsback, Marc N. N. Fiddler, Rudra P. P. Pokhrel, Emily V. V. Fischer, Jeffrey R. R. Pierce, Solomon Bililign
Summary: Long-term exposure to PM2.5 is the second leading risk factor of premature death in Sub-Saharan Africa. Trash burning, residential solid-fuel burning, and open biomass burning contribute to global and regional PM2.5 pollution and premature mortality. Central Africa has the highest PM2.5-attributed mortalities from open biomass burning, while North Africa and West Africa have the most regional mortalities from trash burning and residential solid-fuel burning, respectively.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Wenyi Du, Paul R. Hernandez, Amanda S. Adams, Sandra M. Clinton, Rebecca T. Barnes, Melissa Burt, Ilana Pollack, Emily V. Fischer
Summary: Efforts to diversify STEM fields haven't eradicated higher dropout rates of women in certain STEM disciplines, such as geosciences. While a diverse mentorship network is associated with STEM persistence, the specific role it plays in fostering persistence is unclear. This longitudinal study examines whether a student's sense of belonging in university mediates the relationship between the diversity of their mentor network and their interest in geoscience.
MENTORING & TUTORING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yiqi Zheng, Larry W. W. Horowitz, Raymond Menzel, David J. Paynter, Vaishali Naik, Jingyi Li, Jingqiu Mao
Summary: Biogenic secondary organic aerosols (SOAs), originating from both natural and anthropogenic sources, contribute significantly to the fine aerosols globally and have impacts on air quality and climate. The formation of biogenic SOAs is influenced by emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) as well as anthropogenic pollutants such as primary organic aerosol, sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). However, the extent of anthropogenic impact on biogenic SOA production (AIBS) is still not well understood.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nadia K. Colombi, Daniel J. Jacob, Laura Hyesung Yang, Shixian Zhai, Viral Shah, Stuart K. Grange, Robert M. Yantosca, Soontae Kim, Hong Liao
Summary: Despite efforts to decrease emissions, surface ozone pollution in South Korea has increased over the past 2 decades and consistently exceeds the air quality standard. A study of the trends in surface ozone and NO2 concentrations from 2015 to 2019 reveals an increase in ozone concentration in April-May and a decrease in NO2 concentration by 22%. Global atmospheric chemistry models can successfully simulate surface ozone and explain the emission-driven ozone trend in the Seoul metropolitan area.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Laura Hyesung Yang, Daniel J. Jacob, Nadia K. Colombi, Shixian Zhai, Kelvin H. Bates, Viral Shah, Ellie Beaudry, Robert M. Yantosca, Haipeng Lin, Jared F. Brewer, Heesung Chong, Katherine R. Travis, James H. Crawford, Lok N. Lamsal, Ja-Ho Koo, Jhoon Kim
Summary: Aircraft observations from the KORUS-AQ campaign suggest that the GEOS-Chem CTM can accurately compute the vertical profiles of NO2, which are influenced by the diurnal variation in mixing depth. This finding helps explain the diurnal variation in NO2 and its implications for air quality.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ellis S. S. Robinson, Meeta Cesler-Maloney, Xinxiu Tan, Jingqiu Mao, William Simpson, Peter F. F. DeCarlo
Summary: Fairbanks-North Star Borough (FNSB), Alaska consistently has extremely poor wintertime air quality. The ALPACA field campaign aimed to understand the sources and transformations of air pollution and the meteorological conditions impacting FNSB's air quality. The study found that there are significant variations in PM2.5 concentrations and composition both between and within neighborhoods, which are closely related to meteorological conditions. The results also showed that elevation and temperature inversions have a significant impact on PM levels and composition.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amy P. Sullivan, Rudra P. Pokhrel, Yingjie Shen, Shane M. Murphy, Darin W. Toohey, Teresa Campos, Jakob Lindaas, Emily Fischer, Jeffrey L. Collett
Summary: Brown carbon (BrC), a form of organic carbon, may significantly contribute to the visible light absorption budget, mainly originating from biomass burning. Real-time monitoring of BrC absorption using different techniques revealed a positive correlation between BrC absorption and water-soluble organic carbon and carbon monoxide, with a considerable portion of BrC absorption attributed to water-soluble species in wildfire smoke plumes.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ali Akherati, Yicong He, Lauren A. Garofalo, Anna L. Hodshire, Delphine K. Farmer, Sonia M. Kreidenweis, Wade Permar, Lu Hu, Emily Fischer, Coty N. Jen, Allen H. Goldstein, Ezra J. T. Levin, Paul J. DeMott, Teresa L. Campos, Frank Flocke, John M. Reeves, Darin W. Toohey, Jeffrey R. Pierce, Shantanu H. Jathar
Summary: Wildfires are a significant source of organic aerosol (POA and SOA) in the atmosphere at regional and global scales. This study develops a kinetic model to simulate the behavior of organic aerosol in wildfire smoke and applies it to study smoke plumes intercepted during a field campaign in the western United States. The model suggests that the evolution of organic aerosol mass with physical age can be explained by dilution-driven evaporation of primary aerosol and simultaneous photochemical production of secondary aerosol.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Vivienne H. Payne, Susan S. Kulawik, Emily V. Fischer, Jared F. Brewer, L. Gregory Huey, Kazuyuki Miyazaki, John R. Worden, Kevin W. Bowman, Eric J. Hintsa, Fred Moore, James W. Elkins, Julieta Juncosa Calahorrano
Summary: We present an optimal estimation algorithm to retrieve PAN from singlefield-of-view Level 1B radiances measured by CrIS instrument. Comparisons with aircraft measurements indicate that CrIS PAN retrievals show good skill in measuring large-scale PAN distributions in the mid-troposphere. However, there is a negative bias between CrIS PAN results and aircraft measurements, which can be corrected by considering column water vapor.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tianlang Zhao, Jingqiu Mao, William R. Simpson, Isabelle De Smedt, Lei Zhu, Thomas F. Hanisco, Glenn M. Wolfe, Jason M. St Clair, Gonzalo Gonzalez Abad, Caroline R. Nowlan, Barbara Barletta, Simone Meinardi, Donald R. Blake, Eric C. Apel, Rebecca S. Hornbrook
Summary: This study investigates the variability and sources of summertime formaldehyde (HCHO) in Alaska using satellite observations, aircraft measurements, and a regional chemical transport model. The results suggest that background HCHO is the dominant contributor to HCHO column density, while wildfires and biogenic VOC emissions contribute less.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)