Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Duo Chan, Geoffrey Gebbie, Peter Huybers
Summary: A major uncertainty in reconstructing historical sea surface temperature (SST) involves correcting systematic offsets associated with temperature measurements. A recent study used a linear scaling of air temperatures to infer nearby SSTs, but a more complex model is needed for accurate predictions. This study adapted an energy-balance model (EBM) to predict SSTs from air temperatures, and the model outperforms linear-scaling approaches.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Clifford F. Mass, Eric P. Salathe, Richard Steed, Jeffrey Baars
Summary: This paper investigates the mesoscale impacts of global warming and the uncertainties in its expression by downscaling an ensemble of 12 general circulation models using the WRF model. Several mesoscale responses to global warming were discovered in the regional climate ensemble, contrasting the global model simulations.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Decheng Zhou, Jingfeng Xiao, Steve Frolking, Liangxia Zhang, Guoyi Zhou
Summary: Increasing urbanization leads to the urban heat island effect and worsens health risks from heat waves due to global warming. Using high-resolution satellite observations, this study quantifies the warming effects of urbanization at local, regional, and global scales. The results show that 88% of urbanized areas globally experience local warming effects, while the remaining areas have cooling effects on average. The study also highlights the substantial regional warming effects of urbanization, particularly in eastern China, the eastern United States, and Europe. Furthermore, global urban expansion is responsible for over three-quarters of the urban heat island effect, and its impact is projected to increase by 50% to 200% by the end of the century.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Sun W. W. Kim, Brigitte Sommer, Maria Beger, John M. M. Pandolfi
Summary: Climate change is causing rapid and widespread degradation of the environmental conditions that previously supported species survival. Current projections of climate change mainly focus on acute environmental anomalies and global extinction risks, without considering species-specific patterns. As a result, we lack knowledge about the explicit dimensions of climate risk that are essential for predicting future biodiversity responses and developing effective management and conservation strategies.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yunxia Zhao, Hamid Norouzi, Marzi Azarderakhsh, Amir AghaKouchak
Summary: This study investigates the spatial patterns of hot and cold extremes as well as diurnal temperature range (DTR) globally using 18 years of MODIS data. The findings show strong latitudinal patterns in extreme temperatures. Different ecosystems face varying levels of temperature extremes and DTR.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Decheng Zhou, Jingfeng Xiao, Steve Frolking, Shuguang Liu, Liangxia Zhang, Yaoping Cui, Guoyi Zhou
Summary: Croplands have a significant impact on land surface temperature, with general daytime warming and nighttime cooling observed. However, the effects vary greatly by location and season, with nearly half of crop-dominated lands showing daytime cooling and/or nighttime warming on a per-pixel basis. Different countries also experience varying temperature changes due to the size of their cropland areas and local climate effects.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nicole Ma, Jonathan H. Jiang, Kennard Hou, Yun Lin, Trung Vu, Philip E. Rosen, Yu Gu, Kristen A. Fahy
Summary: This study shows that global warming is accelerating unevenly, with the Arctic warming at a much faster rate than the global average. The projections of future surface temperatures indicate a dramatic upward trend, with the Arctic experiencing unprecedented acceleration, which could lead to catastrophic consequences. Further research is needed to find effective solutions to mitigate global warming.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Acharya Asutosh, Suvarna Fadnavis, M. Nuncio, Rolf Mueller, Sarat C. Tripathy
Summary: The study demonstrates the impact of sulfate aerosol emissions on seasonal warming in the Arctic region, with European emissions dominating summer cooling and Asian emissions dominating winter warming. These changes are associated with cloud radiative forcing.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
S. Fueglistaler, L. G. Silvers
Summary: This study demonstrates that the parameter Delta(conv), quantifying the difference in sea surface temperatures between regions of deep convection and the tropical or global average, captures the time-varying pattern effect in global shortwave cloud radiative effect variations. The quantification of cloud feedback critically depends on small changes in the shape of the sea surface temperature probability density distribution, emphasizing the importance of accurate and stable global climate records.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Meng Wei, Zhenya Song, Qi Shu, Xiaodan Yang, Yajuan Song, Fangli Qiao
Summary: There have been heated debates regarding the existence of global warming slowdown during the early twenty-first century. Extensive research using temperature datasets suggests that while there is controversy over the existence of the slowdown, the probability of slowdown events is significantly higher in the 2000s compared to the 1990s. This research partially reconciles the controversy and shows the compatibility between the decadal-scale slowdown and the centennial-scale anthropogenic warming trend.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Shineng Hu, Shang-Ping Xie, Sarah M. Kang
Summary: This study investigates the factors influencing the formation of ocean surface warming pattern and finds that ocean heat uptake plays a key role in this process.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hyun Min Sung, Jisun Kim, Jae-Hee Lee, Sungbo Shim, Kyung-On Boo, Jong-Chul Ha, Yeon-Hee Kim
Summary: This study estimates regional sea level rise and sea surface temperature changes around the Korean peninsula, showing that the regional changes are similar to global trends but with distinct discrepancies in sea surface temperature warming, which are related to local ocean current changes.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Panfeng Zhang, Guoyu Ren, Yun Qin, Yaqian Zhai, Tianlin Zhai, Suonam Kealdrup Tysa, Xiaoying Xue, Guowei Yang, Xiubao Sun
Summary: This paper proposes a new method to identify and differentiate urbanization effects, and evaluates the urbanization effects in different regions globally and regionally. The results show that both mean temperature and extreme temperature indices have experienced significant urbanization effects in most areas.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
V. K. Patel, J. Kuttippurath
Summary: This study focuses on the spatial and temporal changes in water vapor over India and the Indian Ocean, and analyzes its impact on regional climate through radiative effects. The results show an increasing trend in water vapor content in the region, which could affect the temperature and climate.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Siyi Wang, Yongli He, Shujuan Hu, Fei Ji, Bin Wang, Xiaodan Guan, Sebastiano Piccolroaz
Summary: Lake surface water temperature is highly sensitive to climate change and is found to be warming globally. The warming rate of global lakes varies by region, with dryland lakes experiencing more significant warming compared to semi-humid and humid regions. Air temperature is identified as the main driving force for lake warming. Future projections indicate that lake surface water temperature will continue to rise, especially in dryland areas.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chaman Gul, Parth Sarathi Mahapatra, Shichang Kang, Praveen Kumar Singh, Xiaokang Wu, Cenlin He, Rajesh Kumar, Mukesh Rai, Yangyang Xu, Siva Praveen Puppala
Summary: This study discusses year-long observations and chemical transport model analysis of atmospheric black carbon in the central Himalayas, Nepal. The results show that biomass burning and fossil-fuel sources are the main contributors of black carbon, which has a significant impact on surface snow albedo reduction and glacier mass balance.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryan Hanna, Ahmed Abdulla, Yangyang Xu, David G. Victor
Summary: Governments may face challenges in implementing costly policies, leading to a greater need for negative emissions. Researchers model a wartime-like deployment of direct air capture as a policy response to the climate crisis, showing potential for massive CO2 removal of up to 570-840 GtCO(2).
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Zhili Wang, Lei Lin, Yangyang Xu, Huizheng Che, Xiaoye Zhang, Hua Zhang, Wenjie Dong, Chense Wang, Ke Gui, Bing Xie
Summary: The study reveals that CMIP6 models fail to accurately capture the observed trends of aerosol optical depth over Asia, mainly due to problematic anthropogenic aerosol emissions adopted by the models. Differences in simulated regional aerosol radiative forcing and temperature responses over Asia are evident when using different emissions inventories. Additionally, some widely adopted CMIP6 pathways underestimate the recent decline in anthropogenic aerosol emissions over China.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ilissa B. Ocko, Tianyi Sun, Drew Shindell, Michael Oppenheimer, Alexander N. Hristov, Stephen W. Pacala, Denise L. Mauzerall, Yangyang Xu, Steven P. Hamburg
Summary: This paper analyzes the climate benefits of fast action to reduce methane emissions compared to slower and delayed mitigation timelines. It finds that rapid implementation of available mitigation measures can significantly reduce near-term temperature rise and slow the global-mean rate of warming. Urgently scaling up efforts to implement methane mitigation measures is crucial to limiting climate damages in the near-term.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Bin Yao, Yangyang Xu, Andrew E. Dessler, Chao Liu
Summary: This paper compiles and compares climate modes indices in ensemble models, showing the best detrending method and lack of statistically significant lead-lag correlations between climate modes from North Pacific and North Atlantic sources.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiewei Chen, Huijuan Cui, Yangyang Xu, Quansheng Ge
Summary: China's recent pledge to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060 will require significant carbon emission reduction rates and growth in carbon capture capacity. The study shows that peak emission years and peak emissions play a crucial role in mitigating climate change in the short term, while carbon neutrality years are crucial in the long term. Additional international efforts, such as adopting negative emission technology and reducing all greenhouse gas emissions, will be needed to meet the targets of the Paris Agreement.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhili Wang, Jin Feng, Chenrui Diao, Yanjie Li, Lei Lin, Yangyang Xu
Summary: Research suggests that the decrease in European aerosol emissions since the 1980s may have contributed to the increase in weather conditions conducive to PM2.5 pollution in North China. This 'West-to-East Aerosol-to-Aerosol' teleconnection mechanism highlights the potential impact of global aerosol forcing on regional air pollution.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yechao Yan, Yangyang Xu, Shuping Yue
Summary: This study presents a high-spatial-resolution database of human thermal stress indices, including various thermal stress indices for South and East Asia, suitable for both indoor and outdoor applications. This database allows researchers and practitioners to investigate the spatial and temporal evolution of human thermal stress and its impacts on densely populated regions over South and East Asia at a finer scale.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xiaoyu Li, Yue Zhang, Dongying Li, Yangyang Xu, Robert D. Brown
Summary: Global climate change has increased the risks of extreme weather-related disasters, leading to severe public health burdens. Research indicates that there is limited assessment and mitigation research on cold stress in underserved neighborhoods in warmer climate zones, resulting in the negligence of cold event preparedness and mitigation policies.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yangyang Xu, Lei Lin, Chenrui Diao, Zhili Wang, Susan Bates, Julie Arblaster
Summary: The response of precipitation extremes (PEs) to global warming is found to be nonlinear. There are concerns regarding the accuracy of approximating the PE response to a single forcing using simulations that exclude one specific forcing. Previous studies suggesting a larger sensitivity of PE to aerosol forcing compared to greenhouse gases are questioned. This study reevaluates the PE sensitivity to greenhouse gases and aerosols using CESM1 ensemble simulations and confirms that PE sensitivity to aerosols is stronger than that due to greenhouse gases within similar warming regimes, but the difference is smaller than previously estimated. The study also suggests that the additivity assumption is largely valid for isolating the PE response due to aerosol forcing from the simulations when the warming regime is small.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Veerabhadran Ramanathan, Yangyang Xu, Anthony Versaci
Summary: The study presents an integrated model for understanding the role of human-natural systems interactions in climate change, emphasizing the importance of factoring in these interactions when formulating robust climate solutions.
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2022)
Article
Economics
Yabin Da, Yangyang Xu, Bruce McCarl
Summary: The study shows significant negative impacts of ozone exposure on eight out of ten crops examined, excepting barley and winter wheat. Corn is found to be more sensitive to ozone than soybeans. Additionally, rising temperatures worsen ozone damages while water supplies mitigate that.
ENVIRONMENTAL & RESOURCE ECONOMICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Meng Gao, Fan Wang, Yihui Ding, Zhiwei Wu, Yangyang Xu, Xiao Lu, Zifa Wang, Gregory R. Carmichael, Michael B. McElroy
Summary: It was found that the interannual variability of the co-occurrence of heat waves and O3 pollution in China during summer is mainly influenced by springtime warming in the western Pacific Ocean, western Indian Ocean, and Ross Sea. These sea surface temperature anomalies affect precipitation and radiation, which modulate the co-occurrence. A multivariable regression model was built to predict the co-occurrence a season in advance, with a correlation coefficient of 0.81 (P < 0.01) for the North China Plain. These findings provide useful information for the government to mitigate damage from these synergistic stressors.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaokang Wu, Yan Feng, Cenlin He, Rajesh Kumar, Cui Ge, David Painemal, Yangyang Xu
Summary: The study aims to improve the representation of aerosols in climate-chemistry models, specifically in the carbon bond mechanism, version Z (CBMZ), and modal aerosol modules with three lognormal modes (MAM3) in the WRF-CAM5 model. By incorporating biomass burning emissions, establishing a conversion mechanism between volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and secondary organic carbons (SOCs), and evaluating its performance against observational benchmarks, the study demonstrates the effectiveness of enhanced chemistry capabilities in the WRF-CAM5 model. The findings reveal a significant reduction in root-mean-square errors (RMSE) for surface concentrations of black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC).
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chenrui Diao, Yangyang Xu, Shang-Ping Xie
Summary: Studies show that since the 1980s, aerosol emissions from the Western Hemisphere and the Eastern Hemisphere have played different roles in driving atmospheric circulation and surface temperature responses.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)