Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
James C. Orr, Lester Kwiatkowski, Hans-Otto Poertner
Summary: Seasonal changes in ocean acidification have a different impact on marine organisms over the long term. The increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide leads to seasonal variations in ocean carbon dioxide partial pressure, causing divergent long-term trends in summer and winter. The timing of summer carbon dioxide levels also influences these trends.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Melissa M. Bowen, Denise Fernandez, Arnold L. Gordon, Bruce Huber, Pasquale Castagno, Pierpaolo Falco, Giorgio Budillon, Kathryn L. Gunn, Aitana Forcen-Vazquez
Summary: Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) stores heat and gases over decades to centuries and shows changes in water properties and volume. The density and speed of the outflow are controlled by the density in Terra Nova Bay and tidal mixing. Tides create peaks in density and flow each year and can explain much of the decadal variability in the outflow.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Takuhei Shiozaki, Amane Fujiwara, Koji Sugie, Shigeto Nishino, Akiko Makabe, Naomi Harada
Summary: This study reveals that diatom blooms can occur near the seafloor rather than at the surface in the shallow Arctic shelf region. The increase in phytoplankton production in the Arctic Ocean due to sea ice loss is often underestimated by satellite observations, as they fail to account for the bottom-associated blooms that occur occasionally. The results highlight the importance of considering these hidden blooms in assessing primary production in the Arctic Ocean.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuting Niu, Xuhua Cheng, Jianhuang Qin, Niansen Ou, Chengcheng Yang, Duotian Huang
Summary: This study examines the characteristics and mechanisms of interannual OBP variability in the Southern Indian Ocean using GRACE satellite data. The results show the existence of two energetic OBP centers and the importance of atmospheric forcing in OBP variability.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Eiji Watanabe, Jonaotaro Onodera, Motoyo Itoh, Kohei Mizobata
Summary: The study investigated the processes of seafloor sediment transport from the Chukchi shelf to the western Arctic basin. It found that the Barrow Canyon throughflow, Chukchi Slope Current, and mesoscale eddies played important roles in the redistribution of lithogenic material. The study also revealed that the lateral transport of sediment from the Chukchi shelf bottom significantly influenced the sinking flux of particulate organic carbon in the western Arctic basin, indicating the strong influence of shelf-basin exchange on the marine biogeochemical cycle.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Christopher Bladwell, Ryan M. Holmes, Jan D. Zika
Summary: This study introduces the concepts of internal salt and internal freshwater to measure the salt and freshwater content associated with variations in salinity within water masses in the ocean. Precise budgets for internal salt in salinity coordinates are used to reveal the pathway of freshwater in the ocean and identify different mechanisms of freshwater transport in different regions.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
David C. Mosher, Kai Boggild
Summary: The Canada Basin Abyssal Plain in the Arctic Ocean appears flat and featureless, but is influenced by deep ocean geostrophic currents. Features near the Alaska-Beaufort margin suggest a mixed system affected by cyclonic flowing geostrophic currents, likely formed during glaciations and lower sea level stands.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yujun Liu, Yijun He
Summary: In recent years, the process of Atlantification in the warming Arctic Ocean has received increasing attention. This study focused on the Arctic Atlantic inflow zone (AAZ) and used reanalysis data and in-situ float data to investigate the impact of Arctic strong cyclones (ASCs) on the upper ocean. The findings show that ASCs disrupt the cold halocline layer, facilitate the transport of heat from the deep Atlantic Water, and intensify the intrusion of the Barents Sea Branch, thereby enhancing the process of Atlantification in the Arctic Ocean.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
Andrew L. Stewart, James C. McWilliams, Aviv Solodoch
Summary: Previous studies suggest that balancing local wind stress curl with bottom pressure torques generates compensating nonlocal torques and circulation in ocean gyres. Additionally, experiments show that bottom friction plays a significant role in structuring gyre circulation. Perturbation experiments are used to investigate the dynamics of bottom pressure torques, extending a previous theory that describes the propagation of pressure signals towards the coast along planetary potential vorticity contours.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yanpei Zhuang, Yangjie Li, Ling Chen, Haiyan Jin, Di Qi, Jianfang Chen
Summary: The spatial variability of ammonium concentrations along repeat transects on the Chukchi shelf from 2012 to 2018 was studied. Two distinct near-bottom high ammonium pools (>1 μmol/kg) were identified at 67.5 degrees N and 72.5 degrees N in all years. The accumulation of ammonium in these regions is primarily influenced by a combination of biogeochemical processes (such as dynamic bacterial remineralization of organic matter) and physical controls (such as a strong density-contrast barrier limiting upward mixing of ammonium). The expansion of the ammonium pool on the shelf may have potential impacts on the structure and productivity of the ecosystem on the Chukchi shelf.
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhangxian Ouyang, Yun Li, Di Qi, Wenli Zhong, Akihiko Murata, Shigeto Nishino, Yingxu Wu, Meibing Jin, David Kirchman, Liqi Chen, Wei-Jun Cai
Summary: The Arctic Ocean has undergone a transition from perennial ice coverage to seasonal ice-free conditions in recent decades. This change has led to significant alterations in the carbon cycle and biogeochemical processes in the region. The study found that summer CO2 uptake increased in the Chukchi Sea due to a longer ice-free period, larger open areas, and increased primary production. However, no significant increase in CO2 uptake was observed in the Canada Basin and the Beaufort Sea. This discrepancy can be attributed to sea ice variations and other environmental factors that influence the air-sea pCO(2) gradient.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dujuan Ma, Xiaodan Wu, Xuanlong Ma, Jingping Wang, Xingwen Lin, Cuicui Mu
Summary: The study demonstrated that the MOD17A2H product accurately captured the variations of GPP in the Arctic, showing consistency with in situ measurements and functional phenology. Spatial patterns and interannual trends of GPP were found to be partly related to land cover types, latitude, and elevation, peaking in forests and lowest in grasslands.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xuhua Cheng, Niansen Ou, Jiajia Chen, Rui Xin Huang
Summary: Seasonal variability of ocean bottom pressure in the world oceans was studied using 15 years of GRACE observations and a Pressure Coordinate Ocean Model. The study found that wind forcing plays a dominant role in regional OBP seasonal variations, while contributions from heat flux and freshwater flux are insignificant. The observed OBP was well reproduced by the PCOM model.
GEOSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yoichiro Dobashi, Daisuke Inazu
Summary: The study investigated ocean bottom pressure (OBP) observation data at six plate subduction zones around the Pacific Ocean to improve the detectability of seafloor deformation. By using numerical ocean models and atmospheric pressure loading, the study found that the residual OBP variations could be effectively reduced, enhancing the detection of seafloor deformation.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Evgeny Yakovlev, Andrey Puchkov, Vladimir Bykov
Summary: The study reveals that the radioactivity in bottom sediments and surface water of the Pechora River delta is mainly from natural radionuclides, with low levels of artificial radioactivity. The radiation hazard parameters in the Pechora River delta are below the world average levels and do not pose significant risks to the health of local residents.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2021)
